| Title |
An Information-preserving Interpretation of Hawking Radiation through a Waveguide-based Spectral-coherence Filtering Model |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5573/ieie.2026.63.3.23 |
| Keywords |
Hawking radiation; Black hole information paradox; Coherence-based transmission; Frequency-selective event horizon; Nonlinear damping and intermodulation distortion |
| Abstract |
The conventional interpretation of Hawking radiation describes black hole evaporation as a thermal process induced by quantum pair production occurring near the event horizon, an approach that leads to information loss and challenges the principle of unitarity in quantum mechanics. In this study, we revise this viewpoint by treating the in-falling quantum modes as real physical waves with explicit spectral characteristics?including frequency composition, phase coherence, and nonlinear interactions?rather than abstract negative-energy placeholders. Furthermore, the event horizon is modeled as a frequency-selective boundary possessing a Gaussian transmission profile, departing from the traditional sigmoid-shaped greybody-factor framework. The internal dynamics of the black hole are explained through two mechanisms. (i) the process in which only phase-aligned modes are selectively allowed to escape through coherence-based phase matching, and (ii) nonlinear damping that suppresses phase-mismatched components through intermodulation distortion (IMD). These two mechanisms are represented in a unified form through the damping coefficient α(ω), yielding the total transmission function expressed as follows: |H(ω)|² = |Γ(ω)|² · [1 ? α(ω)] By applying Shannon information theory, we quantify the frequency-resolved information transfer capacity and demonstrate that, even in the presence of spectral filtering, coherently matched modes preserve information. Furthermore, numerical simulations performed under variations of coherence width, nonlinear damping strength, and resonance multiplicity reveal that Hawking radiation may emerge not as a purely thermal flux, but as a spectrally constrained, resonance-driven emission. This coherence-based, system-theoretic model reinterprets Hawking radiation as a structured and partially recoverable process rather than a purely stochastic phenomenon. The framework provides a novel perspective for meta-material?based analog modeling and offers meaningful support for viewing black hole evaporation as consistent with unitarity. |