| Title |
Disease Risk Map in Sewage Contaminated Bathing Waters Using Mathematical Models |
| Authors |
강윤호(Yun Ho Kang),이우범(Woo Bum Lee) |
| Abstract |
The health effects of bathing in marine waters contaminated with domestic sewage have been an area of scientific controversy. In this study, an epidemiological model is incorporated into a water quality model, to predict distribution of faecal streptococci concentration. The risk of gastroenteritis via the production of risk map is then assessed along bathing beaches in Swansea, west of UK. Such quantification facilitates the assessment of health gain benefits for any specific scheme of urban wastewater treatment. The schemes are designed to effect water quality improvement; including primary, secondary and tertiary systems involving, respectively, settlement alone, biological treatment together and disinfection by UV light or micro filtration. The epidemiological model involves with the dose response relationship linking the probability (p) of gastroenteritis and exposure indexed by faecal streptococci density at chest depth. In the solute transport model, advection terms in the advective-diffusion equation are represented in the finite difference form using the third order accurate QUICKEST scheme and ULTIMATE algorithm. This study provides a basis for both health related water quality objectives and advice to the public on potential health risks from bathing at local recreational waters. |