| Title |
Adsorption characteristics of Amitrol, Nonylphenol, Bisphenol-A with GACs |
| Authors |
최근주 ( Keun Joo Choi ) ; 김상구 ( Sang Goo Kim ) ; 권기원 ( Ki Won Kwon ) ; 지용대 ( Yong Dae Ji ) ; 김승현 ( Seung Hyun Kim ) ; 김창원 ( Chang Won Kim ) |
| Keywords |
Endocrine disruptors; Amitrol; Bisphenol-A; Nonylphenol; CUR; Biodegradation |
| Abstract |
Adsorption characteristics of three endocrine disruptors, amitrol, nonylphenol, and bisphenol-A, were evaluated depending on the type and service duration of activated carbon (AC). Bituminous coal-, wood-, and coconut-based coals were tested. Bituminous coal-based AC (BCAC) had the greatest sorption capacity for the three chemicals tested, followed by wood-based AC (WAC) for nonylphenol and coconut palm-based AC (CAC) for bisphenol-A. During the column test, amitrol removal efficiency increased over time, indicating that hydrophilic endocrine disruptors are biodegraded in the AC column. Removal efficiencies of hydrophobic compounds such as nonylphenol and bisphenol-A decreased over time since the main removal mechanism was adsorption. The order of the amitrol removal was: BCAC-5.9 yr , CAC-3.1 yr ＞ BCAC-2.2 yr ＞ BCAC-virgin ＞ CAC-virgin ＞ WAC-virgin ＞ WAC-3.1 yr. In general, used AC had greater removals than virgin AC. The order of the bisphenol-A removal was: CAC-virgin ＞ BCAC-2.2 yr ＞ CAC-3.1 yr ＞ WAC-virgin ＞ BCAC-5.9 yr ＞ WAC-3.1 yr. The order of the nonylphenol removal was: BCAC-virgin ＞ WAC-virgin ＞ CAC-3.1 yr ,WAC-3.lyr＞ BCAC-2.2 yr ＞ BCAC-5.9 yr ＞ CAC-3.1 yr. Bituminous coal AC performed the best over time. Endocrine disruptors such as these three compounds appear to be removed effectively by activated carbon through biodegradation and adsorption. Wood and coal based among the virgin ACs and 3.1 years used wood base among the used ACs appeared the lowest carbon usage rate(CUR) for nonylphenol removal by prediction model. Virgin and used coconut base ACs except BCAC had the lowest CUR for removal Bisphenol-A. Biodegradation of nonylphenol and Bisphenol-A did not occurred during the 9,800 bed volume experiment period. BCAC had the highest biodegradation capacity of 46% for amitrol among virgin ACs and the used coal based ACs had 33-44% higher biodegradation capacity than virgin`s for amitrol so biodegradation is the effective removal technology for hydrophilic material such as amitrol. |