| Title |
Review : Optimized Design of Dioxin Analysis for Water Sample |
| Authors |
( Jae Won Choi ) ; ( Jae Hee Lee ) ; ( Kyoung Sim Kim ) ; ( Sun Heong Kim ) ; ( Kyung Hee Baek ) |
| Keywords |
Dioxin; PCDD/F; Analysis; Toxicity equivalency factor; TEF; Toxic equivalent; TEQ; Tap water |
| Abstract |
The analytical methods for dioxins in water sample from wastewater to tap water were reviewed. For extraction method, liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) has been widely used, however, this process needs too much time and man power. New approach including solid phase extraction (SPE) is now applicable to large volume of water sample with high extraction efficiency. Column clean up in classical analytical methods were very complex and time consuming procedures during decade. Modifications were tried to decrease solvent and reagents volume. Moreover, use of column connection method has been demonstrated in the environmental matrices. Instrumental configurations also have been improved, in which GC/MS/MS with large volume injection approach can analyze picogram levels. Absolute sensitivities of HRMS increased compared to old versions of double focusing sector type mass spectrometers. Based on these analytical evolutions during last 10 years, we tried to optimize the analytical method for dioxins in water sample from sample extraction to instrumental analysis. |