| Title |
Runoff Characteristics of Non-point Source Pollutant Loads Generated on Golf Course |
| Authors |
신민환 ( Min Hwan Shin ) ; 최재완 ( Jae Wan Choi ) ; 최용훈 ( Young Hun Choi ) ; 박운지 ( Woon Ji Park ) ; 원철희 ( Chul Hee Won ) ; 신동석 ( Dong Suk Shin ) ; 임경재 ( Kyoung Jae Lim ) ; 최중대 ( Joong Dae Choi ) |
| Keywords |
Event Mean Concentration (EMC); Golf course; Non-point source (NPS); Runoff; Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL); Unit Loads |
| Abstract |
Activities on golf courses are believed to contribute to the degradation of water quality in receiving waters due to the excessive use of farm chemicals including fertilizers and pesticides. The objective of this study was to collect basic data that could explain the characteristics of non-point source (NPS) pollution discharged from a golf course. Twenty seven water quality monitoring was conducted at a golf course during the rainy season of 2008 and 2009. The results indicated that the ranges of the Event Mean Concentration (EMC) at the golf course were BOD5 1.8~11.3 (ave. 5.6) mg/L, CODMn 19.2~51.4 (ave. 39.6) mg/L, TOC 11.0~31.0 (ave. 16.8) mg/L, TN 1.545~16.098 (ave. 5.623) mg/L, TP 0.230~4.528 (ave. 1.525) mg/L, and SS 2.2~57.3 (ave. 10.1) mg/L. The unit loads of the golf course estimated were BOD5 3.35 kg/km2/day, SS 6.43 kg/km2/day, CODMn 30.00 kg/km2/day, TN 4.04 kg/km2/day, TP 1.14 kg/km2/day, and TOC 12.16 kg/km2/day. Golf courses are currently classified as a grass field in which the unit loads are different from golf courses. Therefore, it was recommended that golf courses need to be separated from the grass field when the surveys and modelings for Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) development and the evaluation of TMDL implementation were performed. |