| Keywords |
Construction Robotics; Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs); Testbed Design; Demonstration-Based Validation; Facility and Site Requirements |
| Abstract |
Domestic construction robotics technologies have achieved meaningful progress in laboratory-level development and component validation. However, their transition to higher Technology Readiness Level (TRL) stages remains limited due to the lack of integrated testbed environments capable of evaluating prototypes under realistic construction site conditions. This study analyzes the validation requirements of construction robotics technologies based on TRL stages and derives the essential requirements for demonstration-based testbeds. Through a review of smart construction policies, TRL definitions, robot test standards, safety standards, and relevant legal frameworks, the study classifies testbed requirements into technical, environmental, operational, and institutional components. The results indicate that TRL 5 requires partial process-level validation in relevant environments, TRL 6 requires integrated validation of robot-worker-equipment interactions, and TRL 7 requires full-scale demonstration under site-like environmental and safety conditions. Based on these findings, this study proposes facility, site, and institutional requirements for construction robotics testbeds, including indoor and outdoor test spaces, sensor and communication infrastructure, safety zones, power and data systems, and regulatory considerations. The proposed criteria are intended as planning-level minimum requirements rather than certification standards, and they can serve as a basis for demonstration infrastructure planning and commercialization support for construction robotics technologies. |