Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers

  1. ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋„์‹œ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์ˆ˜๋ฃŒ (Pusan National University)
  2. ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋„์‹œ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Pusan National University)
  3. ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋„์‹œ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ • (Pusan National University)


ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ, ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ง€ํ‘œ, ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑํ‰๊ฐ€, ๋„์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ ์ „๋žต
Inclusive city, Integration indicator, Inclusive degree evaluation, Urban spatial strategy

  • 1. ์„œ ๋ก 

  •   1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ

  •   1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ๋ฒ”์œ„

  • 2. ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ณ ์ฐฐ

  •   2.1 ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋ฐ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ด€๋ จ ์ œ๋„

  •   2.2 ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ ๊ณ„ํš์‚ฌ๋ก€

  • 3. ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜„ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ํฌ์šฉ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€

  •   3.1 ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ ์„ ์ •

  •   3.2 ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์˜ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ์ทจ์•ฝ์ง€๋„ ๋„์ถœ

  •   3.3 ์ทจ์•ฝ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ „๋žต

  • 4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ

๋„์‹œ๊ณ„ํš์— ์žˆ์–ด ํฐ ํ™”๋‘์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ โ€˜์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋„์‹œโ€™๊ฐ€ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ฑธ์Œ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๋„์‹œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋„์‹œ(The Right to the City and cities for all)๋กœ์„œ โ€˜ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ(Asian Development Bank, 2011)โ€™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋‚ ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์›๋ฐฐ๋ถ„์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ์‹คํ˜„๋˜๊ณ , ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์žฅ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ยท๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ยท๋ฌธํ™”์  ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์ด ์กด์ค‘๋˜๋Š” ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋„์‹œ, ํ–‰์ •๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ, ์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์•ฝ์ž ๋ฐ ์†Œ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด๋‹ค(Daniel and Susan, 2017). ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•ฝ์ž ๋ฐ ์†Œ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์•„๋™์นœํ™”๋„์‹œ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ์นœํ™”๋„์‹œ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋„์‹œ๊ณ„ํš์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด์ ธ ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ํ•œ ๊ณ„์ธต์—๋งŒ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋‘” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธต์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์‹œ๋Š” โ€˜์‹œ๋ฏผ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๋ณต์ง€, ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋„์‹œ ๋ถ€์‚ฐโ€™์˜ ๋ณต์ง€๋น„์ „์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ , ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ํฌ์šฉ์  ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์—†๋Š” ๋ณต์ง€์‹คํ˜„๊ณผ ๋ณดํŽธ์  ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ณต์˜๋ฃŒ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ณต์ง€์‹œ์ฑ…์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ, ์•„๋™, ๋…ธ์ธ ๋“ฑ ์•ฝ์ž ๋ฐ ์†Œ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธต์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ์œ„๊ณ„์™€ ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ์‚ถ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง€๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ๋ฒ”์œ„

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ์ข…๊ต, ๋‚˜์ด ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์†Œ์™ธ๋˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์ฒ™๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์•ฝ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฐจ๋ณ„๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋ฅผ ์—†์• ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด โ€˜ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œโ€™๋ฅผ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ์ข… ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Park, 2015). ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ์ œ๋„์™€ ๊ณ„ํš์‚ฌ๋ก€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋„์ถœ๋œ ์ง€ํ‘œ์—์„œ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ™” ๋ฐ ๊ฐ๊ด€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์˜ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ณ„๋กœ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์ด ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์˜์—ญ ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์ด ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€์—ญ์ , ๊ณ„์ธต์  ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ธ โ€˜์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์•ฝ์ž(The Socially Underprivileged)โ€™๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด์  ํ˜น์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ œ์•ฝ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์•ฝ์ž๋กœ ์—ฌ์„ฑ, ์•„๋™, ๊ณ ๋ น์ž ๋ฐ ์žฅ์• ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•œ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ Fig. 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

Figure_KSCE_39_02_05_F1.jpg
Fig. 1.

Research Process

2. ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ณ ์ฐฐ

2.1 ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋ฐ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ด€๋ จ ์ œ๋„

UN Habitat, ์„ธ๊ณ„์€ํ–‰(World Bank), ์•„์‹œ์•„๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์€ํ–‰(Asian Development Bank), WEIGO(๋น„๊ณต์‹๋ถ€๋ฌธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋…ธ๋™ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ NGO) ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ตญ์ œ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์กฐ์ง๋“ค์˜ ์ •ํ•ต์˜์ œ๋กœ โ€˜ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ(The inclusive city)โ€™๊ฐœ๋…์ด ๋„์ž…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋„์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œยท์ •์น˜ยท์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐํšŒ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ง€์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ์˜ ํ™œ๋™์— ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ด€๋ จ ์ œ๋„ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํฌ์šฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋„์ž…๋œ ์ €๋ ด์ฃผํƒ ์˜๋ฌด๋น„์œจ์ œ๋„์™€ ๊ณต๊ณต์ž„๋Œ€์ฃผํƒ ์ œ๋„, ์ฐธ์—ฌ์™€ ์ƒํ˜ธ์˜์กด์„ฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋งˆ์„๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์ง€์›์‚ฌ์—…์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์•ฝ์ž๋ผ ์ง€์นญํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ, ์•„๋™, ์žฅ์• ์ธ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ๋„๋ชจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์—…๋“ค์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ €๋ ด์ฃผํƒ ์˜๋ฌด๋น„์œจ์ œ๋„๋Š” ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฑด์„ค์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ผ์ • ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์†Œํ˜• ๋ฐ ์ž„๋Œ€์ฃผํƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ €์†Œ๋“์ธต์˜ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ ์•ˆ์ •์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ œ๋„์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ณต๊ณต์ž„๋Œ€์ฃผํƒ ์ œ๋„๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ƒํ™œ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰์ž, ํŽธ๋ถ€๋ชจ ๊ฐ€์ •, ์žฅ์• ์ธ ๋“ฑ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์•ฝ์ž ๊ณ„์ธต์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๊ตฌ์ž„๋Œ€, ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ž„๋Œ€, ์‚ฌ์›์ž„๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋น„์šฉ์˜ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ๋œ์–ด์ฃผ์–ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์„๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์ง€์›์‚ฌ์—…์€ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์„ ์ฃผ์ถ•์œผ๋กœ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋งˆ์„์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ํ˜‘๋™์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์†Œ์™ธ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์ฒ™๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ž์กด๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์•ฝ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์ œ๋„๋กœ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ น์นœํ™”ํ˜• ๋„์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€์‹œ์„ค, ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ œ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ œ๋„์™€ ๋„์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ, ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ, ํŽธ๋ฆฌ์„ฑ, ์พŒ์ ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 2009๋…„ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋ถ€๋Š” โ€˜์—ฌ์„ฑ์นœํ™”๋„์‹œ ์กฐ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ฐœ์ „๋ฐฉํ–ฅโ€™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฐ–์— ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ ๊ฐœ์„  ๋ฐ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ ์ฆ์ง„์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” CPTED ์‚ฌ์—…๋„ ํ™œ๋ฐœํžˆ ์ง„ํ–‰์ค‘์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ์‹ ์ฒด ์žฅ์• ์ธ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๋ฆฌ์–ดํ”„๋ฆฌ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ ์šฉ์ด ํ™•์‚ฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

2.2 ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ ๊ณ„ํš์‚ฌ๋ก€

์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋น„์—”๋‚˜ ์‹œ(Austria Vienna)๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์นœํ™”๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๋žต์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์นผ์Šคํ”Œ๋ผ์ธ (Karlsplatz)์˜ ๋Ÿฌ์…€ํŒŒํฌ(Ressel park)์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์— ์กฐ๋ช… ์‹œ์„ค์ด ์„ค์น˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ, ์œ ๋ชจ์ฐจ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ด๋™์ด ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„๋กœํญ์„ ๋„“ํ˜”๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ž๋…€๋“ค์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ค๋น„๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ์กฐ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณ ๋ น ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํœ ์ฒด์–ด๋‚˜ ๊ณ ๋ น์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค ๋“ฑ์ด ๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ์„ค์น˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„(California)์˜ ํ”„๋ฃจํŠธ๋ฒ ์ผ ๋นŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€(Fruitvale Village)๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ์นœํ™”๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์ง€ํ–ฅํ˜• ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ทจ์•ฝ๊ณ„์ธต๋„ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ณต๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์˜ ์ฃผํƒ ๋ฐ ์ž„๋Œ€์ฃผํƒ์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฐฐ์น˜, ๊ณต๊ณต๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๋กœ ๊ฐ ๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œตํ•ฉ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์˜๋ฃŒ์‹œ์„ค, ๋„์„œ๊ด€, ์œก์•„์ง€์›์‹œ์„ค, ๋…ธ์ธ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋ณต์ง€์‹œ์„ค ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ณต์ง€์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์—ฌ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋…ธ์Šค์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜(North Carolina)์˜ ์ผ€๋ฆฌ(Cary)๋Š” ์•„๋™์นœํ™”๋„์‹œ ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งฅ๋„๋‚ ๋“œ ์šฐ๋“œ ํŒŒํฌ(Macdonal Woods Park)์—๋Š” ํ‚ค์ฆˆ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด๊ทธ๋ผ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ น๋Œ€๋ณ„ ์•„๋™ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋งž๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฝ์‹œ์„ค์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณต์› ์ž…๊ตฌ์— ๋ช…๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ณ  ๊น”๋”ํ•œ ๊ณต์›์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์•„๋™๋“ค์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ๋ชจ์ฐจ, ํœ ์ฒด์–ด, ์Šค์ผ€์ดํŠธ ๋ณด๋“œ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ณดํ–‰ ๋ณด์กฐ๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํŽธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋„๋กœ๋ฉด์€ ํ‰ํƒ„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋„๋กœํญ์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋„“ํ˜”๋‹ค.

3. ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜„ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ํฌ์šฉ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€

3.1 ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ ์„ ์ •

์˜์—ญ๋ณ„ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋Š” Fig. 2์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ ์ •์›์น™ ๋ฐ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.

Figure_KSCE_39_02_05_F2.jpg
Fig. 2.

Rules and Process for Selection of Indicator

๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ, ์•„๋™, ๊ณ ๋ น์ž ๋ฐ ์žฅ์• ์ธ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋˜์–ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉยท์ทจํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ง€ํ‘œ์˜ ์„ ์ •์›์น™ ๋ฐ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋Š” Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs(2010)์˜ โ€œ๋„์‹œ์‡ ํ‡ด ์‹คํƒœ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ •๋ณด์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ตฌ์ถ•โ€์—์„œ ์˜์—ญ๋ณ„ ์ง€ํ‘œ์˜ ์„ ์ •์›์น™์„ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ •ยท์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Table 1 ์ฐธ๊ณ ). 1๋‹จ๊ณ„(์ด๋ก ์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ)๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ง€ํ‘œ์™€ ๊ตญ๋‚ดยท์™ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋…ผ๋ฌธ ๊ฒ€ํ† (Hwang et al., 2016; Lee, 2013; Song, 2012)์—์„œ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ค‘์š”๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ , 2๋‹จ๊ณ„(๋Œ€ํ‘œ์„ฑ)์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ ๊ฐ„ ํฌ์šฉ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน์ •์˜์—ญ์˜ ์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๋ณต๋˜์–ด ์„ ์ •๋˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์—†๋„๋ก ์˜์—ญ๋ณ„ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์„ฑ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ์žฌ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3๋‹จ๊ณ„(๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ)๋Š” ์ด๋ก ์ ยท๊ฐœ๋…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •์ง€ํ‘œ ๊ฐ’์ด ๋” ํฌ๋ฉด ๋” ํฌ์šฉ์ ์ด๋‹ค(๋˜๋Š” ๋œ ํฌ์šฉ์ ์ด๋‹ค)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์กฐ์ •์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1~3๋‹จ๊ณ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ 1์ฐจ ์˜ˆ๋น„์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ ํ›„, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณ 4๋‹จ๊ณ„(์ธก์ •๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ)์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘์‹œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ™” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ „์ œ๋กœ ์ธก์ •๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ์ธก์ •๊ณผ์ •์ด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๋ช…๋ฃŒํ•œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ์ข… 5๋‹จ๊ณ„(์ทจ๋“๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ)์—์„œ ํ†ต๊ณ„DB์—์„œ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ทจ๋“์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ •๋œ ์˜ˆ๋น„์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Table 1. Selection Process of Indicators

Selected reserve (Step 1~3) Measurement
(Step4)
Obtain
Possibility
(Step5)
Modified
Economy/
Culture/
Education
Re-employment Program โ–ณ โ—‹ -Informatization education program / employment agency
Employment rate of female or elderly โ–ณ X -the employment rate of disability
Traditional market, flea market, local store โ—‹ โ—‹ -Status of Traditional Market
Recreational facilities โ—‹ X
Women / Children / Senior lounge โ—‹ โ—‹ -Children's play facilities / Local children's center
Community Center โ—‹ X
The number of libraries โ—‹ โ—‹ -The number of public libraries
The number of cultural facilities such
as cinemas and museums
โ—‹ โ—‹ -The number of cultural facilities per 100,000 population
Nursing room
Sanitation/
Welfare
The number or capacity of medical institutions โ—‹ โ—‹ -The number of Sickbed of Medical Institutions per 1000 people
-The number of Doctors of Medical Institutions per 1000 people
Disease prevalence rate โ—‹ โ—‹ -Levels of drinking
-Levels of Smoking
-Concern about self health
The number or capacity of national childcare facilities โ—‹ โ—‹ -The number of Nursery Facilities per 1000 infant (age 0~4)
The number or capacity of welfare facilities โ—‹ โ—‹ -The number of Welfare Facilities for the aged
per 1000 senior citizens (age 60+)
-The number of Welfare Facilities for Women
The number of women / children / senior health
centers or related public officials
โ—‹ X
Health / Nutrition / Development Education Center โ–ณ โ—‹ -Lifelong Learning lecture/school for the elderly/Health
Promotion Center/Youth Facilities
Public toilet โ—‹ โ—‹ -Public Restroom
Food distribution facility โ—‹ โ—‹ -Soup Kitchen
Physical Environment Area and the number of parks, green space, Waterfront area โ—‹ โ—‹ -Area & Number of Park, Stream
Pedestrian and bike-way โ—‹ โ—‹ -Length & Number of routes of Bike Lane
CCTV โ—‹ โ—‹ -The number of CCTV camera
The number of crimes โ—‹ โ—‹ -The number of Crime
Women's First Parking Lot X X

์ˆ˜์ •๋œ ์˜ˆ๋น„์ง€ํ‘œ๋Š” ํ†ต๊ณ„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ๊ตฐ๋ณ„ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด ๋น„๊ต๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋„๋ก, ๊ตฌ๊ตฐ๋ณ„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ทจ๋“ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ์ข…์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Table 2 ์ฐธ๊ณ ).

Table 2. Final Indicators

Category Final Indicators
Economy/
Culture/Education
The number of Community Child Center,
The number of Public Library,
The number of Cultural Facilities
Sanitation/
Welfare
The number of Sickbed of Medical Institutions per 1000 people,
The number of Welfare Facilities for the aged per 1000 senior citizens,
The number of Youth Facilities, The number of Welfare Facilities for Women
Physical
Environment
Park area, The number of Public Sports Facilities

3.2 ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์˜ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ์ทจ์•ฝ์ง€๋„ ๋„์ถœ

์•ž ์ ˆ์—์„œ ์ตœ์ข…์„ ์ •๋œ ์ง€ํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ’์€ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ฒญ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ทจ๋“๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์‹œ์ ์€ 2015๋…„๋„ ํ†ต์ผํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Rescaling์‹ Eq. (1)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 0~1 ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ •๊ทœํ™”๋œ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

$$x'=\frac{x-\min(x)}{Max(x)-\min(x)},\;x:\mathrm{์ž๋ฃŒ์˜}\;\mathrm{๋ณธ๋ž˜๊ฐ’}$$ (1)

๊ฐ ์ง€ํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ’์€ Fig. 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํฐ์ƒ‰์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šธ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์€, ์ฆ‰ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋œ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์ด๊ณ , ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šธ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์ด ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Figure_KSCE_39_02_05_F3.jpg
Fig. 3.

Spatial Analysis Map of Indicators

์ง€์—ญ์•„๋™์„ผํ„ฐ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ƒ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ธฐ์žฅ๊ตฐ์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์™”๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ธฐ์žฅ๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฉด์ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์‹œ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋ฉด์ ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ณต๋„์„œ๊ด€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์„œ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์ชฝ์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์™”์œผ๋‚˜, ์ง€์—ญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ํฐ ํŽธ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง„ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฌธํ™”์‹œ์„ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์žฅ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ตฌ, ์„œ๊ตฌ, ๋™๊ตฌ ์ผ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์ง„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์†Œ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋ณ‘์ƒ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์˜ ์™ธ๊ณฝ์ธ ๊ฐ•์„œ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ธฐ์žฅ๊ตฐ์ด ๋‹ค์†Œ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ๋ฐ, ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ฏธ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ง€๋กœ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ๊ณณ์ด๋‹ค. ๋…ธ์ธ์—ฌ๊ฐ€๋ณต์ง€์‹œ์„ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ค‘๋ถ€์‚ฐ์ด ํ™•์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ง€์›์‹œ์„ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์ทจ์•ฝ์ •๋„๋„ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„๋กœ ํŽธ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํผ์„ ์•Œ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณต์ง€์‹œ์„ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตฌ, ๋™๊ตฌ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค์ด ์ ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฉด์ ๋Œ€๋น„๊ณต์›๋ฉด์ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Œ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ณต์ฒด์œก์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์˜ ์™ธ๊ณฝ์ง€์—ญ์€ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ  ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์ง„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ์ค‘๋ถ€์‚ฐ๊ถŒ์ด ๋‹ค์†Œ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•จ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์œ„ 9๊ฐœ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋“ค์˜ ์ค‘์ฒฉ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ Fig. 4์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ตœ์ข… ์ทจ์•ฝ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์—์„œ ์œ„์น˜์ƒ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์ง„๊ตฌ์™€ ๋™๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋†’์€(์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ ๋‚ฎ์€) ์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”๊ณ , ๋™๋ž˜๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์˜ 16๊ฐœ ๊ตฌ,๊ตฐ ์ค‘ ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ๋กœ์„œ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ณณ์€ ๋ถ๊ตฌ, ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ตฌ, ์ค‘๊ตฌ, ์—ฐ์ œ๊ตฌ, ์ˆ˜์˜๊ตฌ, ์˜๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋‚˜์™”๋‹ค.

Figure_KSCE_39_02_05_F4.jpg
Fig. 4.

Inclusive Vulnerable Map

3.3 ์ทจ์•ฝ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ „๋žต

Fig. 4์˜ ์ทจ์•ฝ์ง€๋„ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ถ๊ตฌ, ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ตฌ, ์ค‘๊ตฌ, ์—ฐ์ œ๊ตฌ, ์ˆ˜์˜๊ตฌ, ์˜๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์™”๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ์ทจ์•ฝ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ทจ์•ฝ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์š”์†Œ๋Š” Table 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

Table 3. Regional Vulnerable Indicators

Vulnerable Area Vulnerable Indicators
Buk-gu Physical Environment Park area
Saha-gu Economy/Culture/Education Cultural Facilities
Sanitation/Welfare Welfare Facilities for Women
Jung-gu Economy/Culture/Education Cultural Facilities
Sanitation/Welfare Welfare Facilities for the aged, Youth Facilities
Physical Environment Park area
Yonje-gu Sanitation/Welfare Welfare Facilities for Women, Youth Facilities
Physical Environment Public Sports Facilities, Park area
Suyeong-gu Sanitation/Welfare Welfare Facilities for the aged, Youth Facilities
Physical Environment Park area
Yeongdo-gu Sanitation/Welfare Welfare Facilities for the aged, Welfare Facilities for Women
Physical Environment Park area

๊ฐ ์ทจ์•ฝ์ง€์˜ ์ทจ์•ฝ์š”์†Œ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ถ”ํ›„ ํฌ์šฉ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ถ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ๊ทธ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ํŠนํžˆ ๊ณต์›๋ฉด์ ์„ ๋” ํ™•๋ณดํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ/๋ฌธํ™”/๊ต์œก์—์„œ ๋ฌธํ™”์‹œ์„ค์„, ๋ณด๊ฑด/๋ณต์ง€์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ตฌ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณต์›๋…น์ง€, ๋ณด๊ฑด/๋ณต์ง€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ์—ฌ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์‹œ์„ค, ๊ฒฝ์ œ/๋ฌธํ™”/๊ต์œก์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”์‹œ์„ค์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ์ œ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ณต์ฒด์œก, ๊ณต์›๋ฉด์ , ๋ณด๊ฑด/๋ณต์ง€์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณต์ง€์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์‹œ์„ค์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ˆ˜์˜๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๊ณต์›๋ฉด์ , ๋ณด๊ฑด/๋ณต์ง€์—์„œ ๋…ธ์ธ์—ฌ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์‹œ์„ค์—์„œ ์ทจ์•ฝํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์˜๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๊ณต์›๋ฉด์ , ๋ณด๊ฑด/๋ณต์ง€์—์„œ ๋…ธ์ธ์—ฌ๊ฐ€์™€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณต์ง€์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์  ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ทจ์•ฝ์ง€ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๊ณ„ํš ์ „๋žต์„ Table 4์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ตฌ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค.

Table 4. Spatial Strategy

Vulnerable Category Spatial Strategy
Economy/Culture/Education+Sanitation/Welfare+Physical Environment Introduction Area of Complex Inclusive cities Indicators
Economy/Culture/Education+Sanitation/Welfare Actively Input Area of Inclusive Cultural Facilities
Sanitation/Welfare+Physical Environment Builiding Area of Inclusive Environment
Physical Environment Induction Area of Physical Environment Improvement

4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

์ตœ๊ทผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์†Œ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์ • ๊ณ„์ธต์— ํ•œ์ •ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธต์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์†Œ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธต์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋‘๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ท ํ˜•์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ง€์—ญ ๋งž์ถคํ˜• ๋„์ž…์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ, ์ฆ‰ ์ „๋žต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€ ๋‚ด ์ƒ๋Œ€ํ‰๊ฐ€์ด๊ธฐ์—, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ ์„ ์ •๋œ ์ทจ์•ฝ์ง€์—ญ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„“ํžˆ๋ฉด ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€”์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์ธ์ ‘ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์  ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ ๊ทน ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํฌ์šฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ท ํ˜•์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋‹ค๋งŒ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋„์ถœ๋œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋“ค์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ์ง€ํ‘œ์„ ์ •์˜ ์›์น™์—์„œ ํŠนํžˆ ์ทจ๋“๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ(๊ตฌ, ๋™๋ณ„ ์ž๋ฃŒ)์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ตœ์ข… ๋ถ„์„์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋‹ค์†Œ ์•„์‰ฌ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์ „๋žต์— ์ด์–ด ๊ทธ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๊นŒ์ง€ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋” ์‹คํšจ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2017๋…„๋„ ์ •๋ถ€(๊ต์œก๋ถ€)์˜ ์žฌ์›์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์—…์ž„(No.2015S1A5A2A 01009685).

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