Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers

  1. ๊ฒฝ๋ถ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ† ๋ชฉ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ • (Kyungpook National University)
  2. ๊ฒฝ๋ถ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ† ๋ชฉ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Kyungpook National University)


๊ฐœ์ธ-์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ, ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹, ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™
Person-job fit, Rewards system, Psychological ownership, Innovative behavior

  • 1. ์„œ ๋ก 

  •   1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ 

  •   1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

  •   1.3 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ

  • 2. ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์„ค๊ฐœ๋ฐœ

  •   2.1 ์ง๋ฌด์ ํ•ฉ๋„์™€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

  •   2.2 ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

  •   2.3 ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

  •   2.4 ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

  •   2.5 ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์กฐ์ž‘์  ์ •์˜

  • 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

  •   3.1 ์ธ๊ตฌ ํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„

  •   3.2 ์ธก์ •๋ชจํ˜• ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์„

  •   3.3 ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ชจํ˜• ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์„

  • 4. ๊ฐ€์„ค๊ฒ€์ฆ

  •   4.1 ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฐ€์„ค๊ฒ€์ฆ ๋ถ„์„

  •   4.2 ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๋ถ„์„

  • 5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

  •   5.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ† ์˜

  •   5.2 ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  ๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ 

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ 

๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์˜ ๊ณ„ํš, ์‹คํ–‰๊ณผ ํ†ต์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์™€ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค(Kerzner and Kerzner, 201715; Na, 201024). ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ถฉ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋œ ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋น„, ๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ณต์‚ฌํ’ˆ์งˆ์„ ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค(Kang et al., 201113). ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์„ฑ๊ณต์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ œ๊ณ ๋œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค(Han et al., 201010).

์ตœ๊ทผ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์กฐ์ง ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ๊ธ‰์†ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ณ€ํ™”(Na, 201024)์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋…ธ๋™์˜ ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ •๊ทœ์ง๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ˜‘์—…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ธฐ์—…์€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์šฐ์œ„ ํ™•๋ณด์™€ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์› ์ฆ‰, ๋ณธ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜„์žฅ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •๊ทœ์ง๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง ๋ชจ๋‘์˜ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์ธ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์€ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋‚ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›๋“ค๊ณผ ์›ํ™œํ•œ ์—…๋ฌด๊ณต์œ ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ผ(์—…๋ฌด)์„ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ผ(์—…๋ฌด)์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•œ๋‹ค(Han et al., 201010). ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์ด ๋†’์œผ๋ฉด, ์ฒซ์งธ๋กœ ๊ธฐํšŒ์ฃผ์˜์  ํ–‰๋™์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‘˜์งธ๋กœ ์ง€์‹๊ณต์œ  ํ–‰๋™์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋์œผ๋กœ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค(Forgues and Koskela, 20097; Han et al., 201010). ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์„ฑ๊ณต์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ์ œ๊ณ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋™์ธ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์šฐ์„  ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ๋ฐ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ธ-์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ(์ดํ•˜ โ€˜์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑโ€™์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•จ)๊ณผ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค(Deci, 19725; Kerzner and Kerzner, 201715; Kim and Kim, 201617; Lee et al., 201522; Song, 201428). ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค(Forgues and Koskela, 20097; Han et al., 201010; Kang and Ham, 201014; Kwak and Kim, 201218; Park and Yang, 201626; Jang, 201511; Jeong et al., 201512). ๋์œผ๋กœ, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ์— ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค(Bae et al., 20102; Chah et al., 20123; Jang, 201511; Jeong et al., 201512; Kwak and Kim, 201218; Kwon and Oh, 201719; Park and Yang, 201626; Song, 201428).

์‚ฐ์—…๋ณ„๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด, ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ(Forgues and Koskela, 20091; Kerzner and Kerzner, 20171), ๊ฑด์„ค ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ต์œก(Forgues et al., 20118), ์ •๋ณด/ํ†ต์‹ , ๊ธˆ์œต, ์ œ์กฐ, ๊ฑด์„ค ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ธฐ์—…(Bae et al., 20102; Chah et al., 20123; Kim and Kim, 201617), ์ค‘์†Œ๊ธฐ์—…(Kwon and Oh, 201719; Jeong et al., 201512), ๋Œ€๋งŒ ํ•˜์ดํ…Œํฌ์‚ฐ์—…(Han et al., 201010), ๋Œ€ํ•™๋ณ‘์›(Song, 201428), ํ˜ธํ…”(Kang and Ham, 201014; Kim and Kim, 201016; Lee et al., 201522), ์Šคํฌ์ธ ์‹œ์„ค(Park and Yang, 201626) ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ด์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ, ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ์™€ ์กฐ์ง ์œ ํšจ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธํกํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ๋ฐ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

ํ˜„๋Œ€์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์‹๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ, ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๊ณ ์ทจ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค(Kerzner and Kerzner, 201715). ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์—…๋ฌด ํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ ๊ณต์ •๋ณ„ ์ง๋ฌด์ •๋ณด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์› ๊ฐ„ ์ง€์‹๊ณต์œ  ํ–‰๋™(ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™)์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ ธ ์—…๋ฌด ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค(Forgues and Koskela, 20097). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ(๋‚ด์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ๊ณผ ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ)์ด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์ด ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ๋„ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋์œผ๋กœ, ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•œ๋‹ค.

1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

์„ค๋ฌธ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณธ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜„์žฅ ์ง์›์ด๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 2018๋…„ 8์›” 23์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 9์›” 3์ผ๊นŒ์ง€๋ฉฐ, ์ข…ํ•ฉ๊ฑด์„ค์‚ฌ(100๋ช…)๊ณผ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฑด์„ค์‚ฌ(200๋ช…)์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด 300๋ถ€ ์ค‘ 254๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์„ค๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š” 1์ (์ „ํ˜€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค)์—์„œ 7์ (๋งค์šฐ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค)๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๋ฆฌ์ปคํŠธ 7์  ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ค์ฆ๋ถ„์„์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ๋„๊ตฌ Smart-PLS (Partial Least Square) 2.0์„ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ถ„์„ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์™€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ธ๊ตฌํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋นˆ๋„๋ถ„์„์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์ง๋ฌด์ ํ•ฉ๋„, ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๊ฐ€์„ค ๊ฒ€์ •์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ๊ฐ„ ์œ ์˜์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋์œผ๋กœ, ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฒ€์ •์€ Hair Jr et al.(20169)๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ VAF (variance accounted for) - ์ดํšจ๊ณผ(์ฆ‰, ์ง์ ‘ํšจ๊ณผ+๊ฐ„์ ‘ํšจ๊ณผ)์— ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ„์ ‘ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•จ - ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

1.3 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ

๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์ง๋ฌด์ ํ•ฉ๋„์™€ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ ธ ์กฐ์ง ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฒฌ์ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ฐ€์„ค 3๊ฐœ์™€ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์„ค 1๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๋‹ค(Fig. 1).

Figure_KSCE_39_3_05_F1.jpg
Fig. 1.

Framework for Development of the Model

2. ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์„ค๊ฐœ๋ฐœ

2.1 ์ง๋ฌด์ ํ•ฉ๋„์™€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

Edwards(1991)6์€ ์ง๋ฌด์ ํ•ฉ๋„(person-job fit)๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง๋ฌด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์—… ํŠน์„ฑ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ง๋ฌด์ ํ•ฉ๋„์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ง๋ฌด์ ํ•ฉ๋„์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

๋จผ์ €, ์š”๊ตฌ-๋Šฅ๋ ฅ(demands-abilities) ์ ํ•ฉ๋„๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์ง€์‹, ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ง๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ์ƒ์‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฐœ์ธ-์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์š”-๊ณต๊ธ‰(needs-supplies) ์ ํ•ฉ๋„๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์š•๊ตฌ, ๋ฐ”๋žŒ, ๋˜๋Š” ์„ ํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง๋ฌด์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ถฉ์กฑ๋  ๋•Œ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค(Lim et al., 201223). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง๋ฌด์ ํ•ฉ๋„๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ ์ง๋ฌด์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค(Lim et al., 201223).

์ง๋ฌด์ ํ•ฉ๋„๋Š” ์กฐ์ง์ ํ•ฉ๋„(person-organization fit)์™€ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„๋œ๋‹ค. ์กฐ์ง์ ํ•ฉ๋„๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋‚˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋“ฑ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง๋ฌด์ ํ•ฉ๋„๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ํŠน์ • ์ง๋ฌด์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค(Lee et al., 201522). ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง๋ฌด์ ํ•ฉ๋„๋Š” ๊ณ ์šฉ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง๋ฌด์˜ ์—ญํ•  ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์ •๋„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ํƒœ๋„๋‚˜ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์— ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค(No et al., 2011; Lee et al., 201525).

์ง๋ฌด์ ํ•ฉ๋„๋Š” ์ „๊ณต, ๊ต์œก์ˆ˜์ค€, ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์ง๋ฌด์™€ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ต์œก์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ˆ˜์ค€ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ ์ง๋ฌด์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ์ง๋ฌด์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(over-qualification)์™€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ์ง๋ฌด์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(under-qualification)๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ง๋ฌด์™€ ๋ถ€์ ํ•ฉ(misfit)ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(No et al., 201125).

๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ ์ง๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฐ ๋•Œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ์ธ์€ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ง๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ณ , ์กฐ์ง์€ ์ง๋ฌด์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•˜๋‹ค(Lee et al., 201522). ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์€ ์กฐ์ง ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์ „์ œ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค(Forgues and Koskela, 20097). ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰ ํˆฌ์ž๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค(Han et al., 2010; Lee et al., 201510). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์€ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ง๋ฌด ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์ง์›์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ง์›์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ด์ง์˜๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด์ง์˜๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ง์›์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ง์›์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ง๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง๋ฌด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์„ ์ถ•์ ํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์ ธ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค(Han et al., 201010; Kim and Kim, 201016; Lee et al., 201522; No et al., 201125; Park and Yang, 201626).

์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋งก์€ ์—…๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์ง์—์„œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ , ์กฐ์ง ๋‚ดใ†์™ธ์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค(Lim et al., 201223). ์ง๋ฌด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง€๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค(Kim and Kim, 201016).

Pierce et al.(200127)์€ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์กฐ์ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์—…๋ฌด์˜ ํ†ต์ œ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์กฐ์ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์ด ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ผ(์—…๋ฌด)์„ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธ์ •์  ์ •์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ์ด๋กœ์จ ์—…๋ฌด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ต์ œ๊ฐ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ด ๊ตฌํ˜„๋œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฐ€์„ค1. ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ์ •(+)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

2.2 ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

Lawler and Hall(1970)20์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ๋ณด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜(value of the potential reward)๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ๊ณผ ๋ณด์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆœ ์œ ์ธ์„ฑ(net attractiveness)์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์„ฑ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณด์ƒ์€ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์ง๋ฌด์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์“ฐ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Deci, 19725; Lawler and Hall, 197020; Lee and Lee, 200721; Lee et al., 201522). ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณด์ƒ๊ณผ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์™€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Lee and Lee, 200721).

์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์€ ์กฐ์ง์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณตํ—Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค(Deci, 19725; Lawler and Hall, 197020). ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ณด์ƒ์€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค(Lee et al., 201522). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์ž…๊ณผ ์ง๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ–‰์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ์ ๊ทน์„ฑ์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค(Kang and Ham, 201014; Lee and Lee, 200721; Lee et al., 201522). ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณด์ƒ์€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์˜์ง€์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค(Kim and Kim, 201016). ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ์œ ์ธํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค(Lee and Lee, 200721; Lee et al., 201522).

์„ฑ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง€๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณด์ƒ์€ ๊ทธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ์ง€๊ธ‰ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‚ด์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ๊ณผ ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(Lee and Lee, 200721; Lee et al., 201522). ์‹ค์ œ ์ง€๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” ๋ณด์ƒ์€ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๊ธ‰๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ง€์†ํ•ด์„œ ์œ ์ง€๋œ๋‹ค(Lee et al., 201522).

Lee et al.(2015)22๋Š” ํ˜ธํ…”์ง์›์˜ ๋‚ด์žฌ์ ๋ณด์ƒ๊ณผ ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹, ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์ž… ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค.

Lee and Lee(2007)21์€ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€์ฒ˜ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ธ‰๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธˆ์ „์ ์ด๊ณ  ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์กฐ์ง์ด๋‚˜ ํƒ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์ธ์ • ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ ๋“ฑ ๋‚ด์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์กฐ์ง์ด๋‚˜ ํƒ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์นญ์ฐฌ๊ณผ ์ธ์ •์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์ง€๊ฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ง๋ฌด๋™๊ธฐ, ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๊ณผ ์ง๋ฌด๋ชฐ์ž… ๋“ฑ์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฐ€์„ค 2. ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ์ •(+)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

๊ฐ€์„ค 2.1. ๋‚ด์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ์ •(+)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

๊ฐ€์„ค 2.2. ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ์ •(+)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค

2.3 ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

Pierce et al.(2001)27์€ ์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ(ownership)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งˆ์Œ์†์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ํƒœ๋„์™€ ํ˜„์‹ค์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ์กด์žฌ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ์†Œ์œ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ์†Œ์œ ๋ฌผ์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ธ์ •๋˜๋ฉฐ ์†Œ์œ ๋ฌผ์˜ ํŠน๊ถŒ์ด ๋ณด์žฅ๋˜๊ณ  ๋ฒ•์  ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์œ ํ˜• ๋ฐ ๋ฌดํ˜•์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹(psychological ownership)์€ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ์†Œ์œ ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ(์กฐ์ง)์„ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ƒํƒœ๋‹ค(Kwak and Kim, 201218; Pierce et al., 200127).

์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ์กฐ์ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์กฐ์ง ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ • ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์˜์‹, ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์™€ ์‹ ๋…์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค(Jang, 201511). ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ณต์‹์ , ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์†Œ์œ ๋ฅผ ์ „์ œ๋กœ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค(Kwak and Kim, 201218). ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๊ด€์ ์˜ ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ์กฐ์ง์— ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ์ง ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›๋“ค์ด ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค(Jang, 201511).

์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ ์กฐ์ง์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์„  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ์†ํ•œ ์กฐ์ง์„ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์†Œ์œ ๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ง์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ผ์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(Pierce et al., 200127). ์ตœ๊ทผ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์กฐ์ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ํƒœ๋„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ž๋ณธ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์กฐ์ง์„ฑ๊ณผ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Kwon and Oh, 201719). ๊ธฐ์—…์€ ๋™ํƒœ์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์ ์‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ฒ™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ˜์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋Œ€์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง๋ฌดํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค(Kang and Ham, 201014; Kwak and Kim, 201218; Lee et al., 201522; Jeong et al., 201512).

West and Farr(1989)29๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด, ์ ˆ์ฐจ, ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋ฐ ์กฐ์ง ๋‚ด์— ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ๊ณผ(์—ญํ• ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์™€ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ)๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. Lee et al.(2015)22๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋ž€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ณผ์—…์ด๋‚˜ ์†Œ์†์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ, ๋„์ž…, ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ™๋ณด, ์‹คํ–‰, ํ™•์‚ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ต์ œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ๋‚˜์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ์„œ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์…‹์งธ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ๋…ธ๋ ฅ, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋“ฑ์„ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. Park and Yang(2016)26์€ ์‚ฌ์„ค ์Šคํฌ์ธ ์„ผํ„ฐ ์ง์›์ด ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ํ˜์‹ ์  ์—…๋ฌดํ–‰๋™์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. Han et al.(2010)10์€ ๋Œ€๋งŒ์˜ ์ฒจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ธฐ์—… 260๊ฐœ์˜ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ๋กœ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์ด ๋†’์€ ์ง์›์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์‹๊ณต์œ  ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์กฐ์ง์˜ ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. Song(2014)28์€ ๋Œ€ํ•™๋ณ‘์› ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ์ง์—…๋งŒ์กฑ ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ผ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ์ง์—…์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์ธ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. Kim and Kim(2016)17์€ ์ •๋ณด/ํ†ต์‹ , ๊ธˆ์œต, ์ œ์กฐ, ๊ฑด์„ค ๋“ฑ์— ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜๋Š” ์ง์›์€ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณผ ์ •๋ณด๊ณต์œ ์˜ ๊ณต์ •์„ฑ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์กฐ์ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. Jeong et al.(2015)12๋Š” ์ค‘์†Œ์ œ์กฐ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ง์›์ด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ์šฉ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ์กฐ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ง๋ฌด ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์ด์ง์˜๋„๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฐ€์„ค 3. ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ์ •(+)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

2.4 ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์šฐ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ํ˜์‹  ํ™œ๋™์˜ ์„ ํ–‰ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ธ ๋™์‹œ์— ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์› ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ํ˜์‹ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ ์ด๋‹ค(Kwak and Kim, 201218). ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์ž…์€ ์ง์›๋“ค์˜ ์ง€์‹๊ณต์œ  ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ง์€ ์ง์›์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์ž…์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ง€์‹๊ณต์œ ๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋…๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค(Han et al., 201010).

Chah et al.(2012)3๋Š” ์ง๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์ด ์ƒ์‚ฌ์ง€์›์ธ์‹๊ณผ ์—ญํ•  ๋‚ด ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์™„์ „๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ์‚ฌ์ง€์›์ธ์‹๊ณผ ์—ญํ•  ์™ธ ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. Han et al.(2010)10์€ ์ง์›์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์ž…๊ณผ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค, ๋˜ํ•œ ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์ž…์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ์ง€์‹๊ณต์œ  ํ–‰๋™ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์ž…์€ ์ง์›์˜ ์ง€์‹๊ณต์œ  ํ–‰๋™์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

Song(2014)28์€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ์กฐ์ง๊ณต์ •์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์ง๋ฌดํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง์œ ํšจ์„ฑ ๊ฐ„์— ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งค๊ฐœ์—ญํ• ๊ณผ ์‹ค์ฆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์ ˆ์ฐจ ๊ณต์ •์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ง๋ฌด ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ผ(์—…๋ฌด) ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณ ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค.

Bae et al.(2010)2์€ 20๊ฐœ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ง์›์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ ๊ณต์ •์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์ ˆ์ฐจ ๊ณต์ •์„ฑ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ์กฐ์ง์‹œ๋ฏผํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์ž…์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์กฐ์ง ๊ณต์ •์„ฑ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ„์— ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งค๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ง์›์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์š•๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์š•๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ์กฑ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์—…๋ฌด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ, ์—…๋ฌด์™€ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ฑ์€ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์—…๋ฌด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ณผ ๋ชฐ์ž…์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. Kang and Ham(2010)14์€ ํ˜ธํ…”์ง์›์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง์›์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์— ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง์›์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. Kwak and Kim(2012)18๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด 13๊ฐœ ํ˜ธํ…” ์ง์›์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์ด ์ง์›์˜ ์ž„ํŒŒ์›Œ๋จผํŠธ ์ง€๊ฐ๊ณผ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. Kwon and Oh(2017)19์€ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์— ์†Œ์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…์ฒด์˜ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ž๋ณธ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์•„ ์กด์ค‘๊ฐ๊ณผ ๋‚™์ฒœ์„ฑ์ด ์กฐ์ง์„ฑ๊ณผ - ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ, ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์ž…, ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™(์กฐ์ง์‹œ๋ฏผํ–‰๋™) - ์— ๋†’์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ž์•„์กด์ค‘๊ฐ๊ณผ ๋‚™์ฒœ์„ฑ์€ ์กฐ์ง์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค.

์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฐ€์„ค4: ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

2.5 ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์กฐ์ž‘์  ์ •์˜

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์ธก์ •๋ฌธํ•ญ์€ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ ์ธก์ •๋ฌธํ•ญ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฌธํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ค๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ธก์ •๋ฌธํ•ญ์„ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŒŒ์ผ๋Ÿฟ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฌธํ•ญ์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋งž๋„๋ก ์กฐ์ ˆํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ ์šฉ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฌธํ•ญ์€ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ–ˆ๋‹ค. Table 1์€ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์กฐ์ž‘์  ์ •์˜์ด๋‹ค.

Table 1. Operational Definition of Variable and Composition of Questionnaire

Variable Operational definition Researcher No.
Person-job fit The degree to which an individual possesses or is required to fulfill the needs of the current construction project. Edwards(1991)6 Lawler and Hall(1970)20 Lee et al.(2015)22 5
Intrinsic rewards The extent of the rewards system, including non-monetary rewards (praise, encouragement, recognition, etc.) related to the job that the current construction project can provide. Deci(1972)5 Lawler and Hall(1970)20 Lee et al.(2015)22 5
Extrinsic rewards Rewards systems (incentives, employment stability, etc.) related to monies related to jobs that the current construction project can provide. Amabile(1993)1 Deci(1972)5 Lee et al.(2015)22 5
Psychological ownership The degree to which an individual feels he or she possesses one of the substance or non-substance targets in the current construction project. Chah et al.(2012)3 Han et al.(2010)10 Pierce et al.(2001)27 Song(2014)28 Lee et al.(2015)22 5
Innovative behavior The degree of activity that intentionally creates, introduces, and applies new ideas that help improve the performance of your job or your group in current construction projects. Han et al.(2010)1 West and Farr(1989)1 Kang and Ham(2010)1 Lee et al.(2015)1 5

3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

3.1 ์ธ๊ตฌ ํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ํ˜„์žฅ์กฐ์ง ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹ค์ฆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ์ธ ์กฐ์ง์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋ฌธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Table 2์—์„œ ๋ณด๋“ฏ์ด, ์ธ๊ตฌ ํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์€ 234๋ช…(92.1 %), ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ 20๋ช…(7.9 %)์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๋ น์€ 40์„ธ ~ 49์„ธ๊ฐ€ 77๋ช…(30.3 %), ํ•™๋ ฅ์€ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์กธ์—… 157๋ช…(61.8 %), ์ง๋ฌด๋Š” ๊ณต์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ๊ณต๋ฌด๊ฐ€ 157๋ช…(61.8 %), ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์€ 5๋…„ ~ 10๋…„์ด 128๋ช…(50.4 %)์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

Table 2. Demographic Profile of the Respondents (n=254)

Category N % Category N %
Gender Male 234 92.1 Job Construction 157 61.8
Female 20 7.9 Quality 32 12.6
Age 20 ~ 29 51 20.1 Safety 27 10.6
30 ~ 39 67 26.4 Management 18 7.1
40 ~ 49 77 30.3 Others 20 7.9
50 or more 59 23.2 Job period (year) 3 or less 22 8.7
Education High school or less 16 6.3 3 ~ 5 27 10.6
College graduated 47 18.5 5 ~ 10 128 50.4
University graduated 157 61.8 10 or more 77 30.3
Graduate school 34 13.4

3.2 ์ธก์ •๋ชจํ˜• ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์„

๋‹จ์ผ์ฐจ์› ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•œ ์ธก์ •๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ธก์ •๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ„์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ๊ณผ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.

ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์€ ๊ฐœ๋… ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ํŒ๋ณ„ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ธก์ •๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ์š”์ธ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ง‘์ค‘ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์„œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค(Hair Jr et al., 20169). Table 3์—์„œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž ์žฌ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ํฌ๋ก ๋ฐ”ํ ์•ŒํŒŒ ๊ฐ’์ด 0.922 ~ 0.960๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ค€์น˜ 0.7 ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์€ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค.

Table 3. Item Loadings and Validities

Factor Survey question Factor loading AVE Composite Reliability Cronbach's Alpha
Person-job fit I am clear understanding of the work (job) subject. .936 .920 .945 .936
I have clear objectives for my duties. .940
I am well aware of how work (job) relates to organizational goals. .969
I am clear understanding of the work (job) responsibilities. .850
I can predict the outcome of my work (job). .980
Intrinsic rewards When I work (job), I feel satisfied with myself. .956 .908 .935 .960
It's fun doing what I work (job). .910
My work (job) gives me a personal sense of accomplishment. .960
What I work (job) is important. .836
I like my work (job). .878
Extrinsic rewards Pay and extra pay of our company are higher than those of other companies of the same kind. .882 .896 .908 .922
Our company regularly gives me opportunities for work-related education and training. .889
My boss(s) gives me positive performance feedback on my work (job). .890
I'm increasing my salary through work (job). .876
I am satisfied with the salary I receive through my work (job). .850
Psychological ownership I feel my work (job) is my work (job). .882 .864 .912 .928
I have a great sense of ownership about my duties. .902
I take this work (job) with the thought that it's my work (job). .890
I feel responsible for this work (job). .876
I think this work (job) is part of me. .851
Innovative behavior I introduce innovative ideas into work (job) in a systematic way. .920 .886 .920 .934
I try to get support for innovative ideas. .928
I come up with an ingenious way of working. .942
I develop new ideas to solve work (job) related problems. .898
I try to find new ways to be used to perform my work (job). .894

๋ณตํ•ฉ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„(Composite Reliability)๋Š” 0.902 ~ 0.945๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ค€์น˜ 0.7 ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๊ฐœ๋…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค.

ํ‰๊ท ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์ถ”์ถœ(AVE) ๊ฐ’ 0.864 ~ 0.920์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ค€์น˜ 0.5 ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๊ฐœ๋…์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์ง‘์ค‘ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์€ PLS์˜ ๋ถ€ํŠธ์ŠคํŠธ๋žฉ(bootstrap) ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๊ฐœ๋…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”์ธ ์ ์žฌ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•œ๋‹ค(Hair Jr et al., 20169). ์š”์ธ ์ ์žฌ ๊ฐ’์€ 0.7 ์ด์ƒ์„ ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ์š”์ธ ์ ์žฌ ๊ฐ’์ด 0.836 ~ 0.980์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

ํŒ๋ณ„ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ AVE์˜ ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ(square root) ๊ฐ’์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ปค์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค(Chin, 19984).

Table 4์—์„œ ํŒ๋ณ„ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์€ ์ธก์ •๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์˜ AVE์˜ ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ๊ฐ’๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค(Hair Jr et al., 20169).

Table 4. Correlation Coefficient Matrix and Roots of the AVEs (shown as Diagonal Elements)

ใ€€ 1 2 3 4 5
1. Innovative behavior .941 ใ€€ ใ€€ ใ€€ ใ€€
2. Person-job fit .688 .959 ใ€€ ใ€€ ใ€€
3. Extrinsic rewards .679 .598 947 ใ€€ ใ€€
4. Intrinsic rewards .811 .545 .690 .953 ใ€€
5. Psychological ownership .725 .519 .742 .708 .930

3.3 ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ชจํ˜• ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์„

์ตœ์ข…๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ธ ์ด์ง์˜๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ R2๊ฐ’์€ 54.12 %๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์„ ํ–‰๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…๋˜๋Š” ์ตœ์ข…๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ R2๊ฐ’์„ 10 %๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค(Hair Jr et al., 20169). ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๊ฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์ธ์˜ R2๊ฐ’์ด 0.26 ์ด์ƒ โ€˜์ƒโ€™, 0.26โˆผ0.13 โ€˜์ค‘โ€™, 0.13โˆผ0.02 โ€˜ํ•˜โ€™๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค(Hair Jr et al., 20169). Communality(๊ณตํ†ต์„ฑ)์€ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„, Redundancy(์ค‘๋ณต์„ฑ)์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์ถ”์ •๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์„ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ’์€ ์–‘์ˆ˜๋‹ค(Hair Jr et al., 20169).

๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜์  ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด R2 ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ๊ณตํ†ต์„ฑ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ณฑํ•œ ๊ฐ’์˜ ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, 0.36 ์ด์ƒ โ€˜์ƒโ€™, 0.36โˆผ0.25 โ€˜์ค‘โ€™, 0.25โˆผ0.1 ํ•˜โ€™๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค(Hair Jr et al., 20169). Table 5์—์„œ ์ค‘๋ณต์„ฑ ๊ฐ’์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์–‘์ˆ˜์ด๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์ธ๋“ค์˜ R2 ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์ด 0.565์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„๊ฐ€ 0.691๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ชจํ˜•์€ ์–‘ํ˜ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

Table 5. Goodness of Fit Analysis

Variable R Square (R2) Communality Redundancy
Person-job fit ใ€€ .928 ใ€€
Intrinsic rewards ใ€€ .793 ใ€€
Extrinsic rewards ใ€€ .764 ใ€€
Psychological ownership .588 .856 .154
Innovative behavior .541 .879 .462
Average value .565 .844 ใ€€
Goodness of fit โˆš(0.565ร—0.844) = 0.691

4. ๊ฐ€์„ค๊ฒ€์ฆ

4.1 ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฐ€์„ค๊ฒ€์ฆ ๋ถ„์„

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” PLS-SEM์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „์ฒดํ‘œ๋ณธ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ชจํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ๊ฐ„ ์œ ์˜์„ฑ ๊ฒ€์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ t-๊ฐ’์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” bootstrapping ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•(Hair Jr et al., 20169)์œผ๋กœ 5,000ํšŒ์˜ re-sampling์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ณ„์ˆ˜ t-๊ฐ’์„ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ์˜์„ฑ ๊ฒ€์ •์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์€ t-๊ฐ’์„ ใ…ฃtใ…ฃ > 1.645์ด๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ณ„์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ฐ€์„ค์ด ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๋‹ค(Hair Jr et al., 20169).

Table 6์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์„ค๊ฒ€์ฆ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

Table 6. Results of Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis Path Path Coefficient Standard Error t-value Accept or Reject
1 Person-job fit โ†’ Psychological ownership 0.376 0.084 3.320*** Accept
2.1 Intrinsic rewards โ†’ Psychological ownership 0.182 0.054 2.133** Accept
2.2 Extrinsic rewards โ†’ Psychological ownership 0.435 0.087 5.941*** Accept
3 Psychological ownership โ†’ Innovative behavior 0.798 0.043 17.668*** Accept

* t > 1.645 (p < 0.10), t > 1.960 (p < 0.05), t > 2.576 (p < 0.01)

์ฒซ์งธ, ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ(ฮฒ=0.376, t=3.320, p<0.001)๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ์ •(+)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณ ๊ฐ€์„ค 1์€ ์ฑ„ํƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‘˜์งธ, ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ๋‚ด์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ(ฮฒ=0.182, t=2.133, p<0.05)์™€ ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ(ฮฒ=0.435, t=5.941, p<0.001)๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์— ์ •(+)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณ ๊ฐ€์„ค 2.1๊ณผ 2.2๋Š” ์ฑ„ํƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๋์œผ๋กœ, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹(ฮฒ=0.798, t=17.668, p<0.000)๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ์ •(+)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณ ๊ฐ€์„ค 3์€ ์ฑ„ํƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

4.2 ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๋ถ„์„

๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ ๊ฒ€์ •์€ PLS-SEM์˜ bootstrapping ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ธ VAF ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค(Hair Jr et al., 20169).

Hair Jr et al.(2016)9์€ VAF ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ(VAF = Indirect effect / Total Effect)๋ถ„์„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์™„์ „๋งค๊ฐœ(full mediation) VAF > 80 %, ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋งค๊ฐœ(partial mediation) 20 % โ‰ค VAF โ‰ค 80 %, ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ ์—†์Œ(no mediation) VAF < 20 %๋กœ ํŒ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

Table 7์—์„œ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์˜ VAF๏ผ5.48 %๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ 5.48 %๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…๋จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, Hair Jr et al.(2016)9์˜ VAF ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ ํŒ์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ(๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ ์—†์Œ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ธ VAF < 20 %)์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฐœํœ˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๊ฐ€์„ค 4๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Table 7. Analysis of VAF Effectiveness for Psychological Ownership

Path Path Coefficient t-value Direct Effect Indirect Effect Path
Person-job fit โ†’ Innovative behavior .549 8.112 .550
Intrinsic rewards โ†’ Innovative behavior .342 3.955 .423
Extrinsic rewards โ†’ Innovative behavior .456 7.231 .512
Person-job fit โ†’ Psychological ownership .601 10.852 .597
Intrinsic rewards โ†’ Psychological ownership .488 6.021 .485
Extrinsic rewards โ†’ Psychological ownership .621 11.902 .601
Psychological ownership โ†’ Innovative behavior .588 10.380 .495

VAF๏ผ(0.597ร—0.485ร—0.601ร—0.495)รท(0.597ร—0.485ร—0.601ร—0.495)๏ผ‹(0.550๏ผ‹0.423๏ผ‹0.512)๏ฝ๏ผ 0.0548

5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

5.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ† ์˜

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ, ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„์ถœ๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์€ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์„ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹ ๋ฐœํœ˜์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋งก์€ ์—…๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์„ ์กฐ์งํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ณต์‚ฌ, ํ’ˆ์งˆ, ์•ˆ์ „, ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋‹ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๋ฐœํœ˜์— ์žˆ์–ด ๊ทธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๋ฐœํœ˜์— ์žˆ์–ด ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณด์ƒ์€ ๊ทธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ์ง€๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‚ด์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ๊ณผ ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(Lawler and Hall, 197020; Lee and Lee, 200721; Lee et al., 201522). Lee and Lee(2007)21์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€์ฒ˜ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๋“ค์€ ์กฐ์ง์ด๋‚˜ ํƒ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์ธ์ • ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ ๋“ฑ ๋‚ด์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ Lawler and Hall(1970)20๊ณผ Lee et al.(2015)22์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋‚ด์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์ด ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋ฐœ์ฃผ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์˜์— ์œ„ํ˜‘์ด ๋œ๋‹ค(Kang et al., 201113; Na, 201024). ๊ฑด์„ค๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ˆ˜์ฃผ๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ์†Œ, ๊ตฌ์กฐ์กฐ์ •, ๋‹ค์šด์‚ฌ์ด์ง•, ์ธ์ˆ˜ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘ ๋“ฑ(Na, 201024)์— ์˜ํ•ด ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ‰์ƒ์ง์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์žฅ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์กŒ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ง๋ฌด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ธˆ์ „๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ธฐ์—…์€ ์ˆ˜์ฃผ๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ์†Œ์™€ ๋ฌดํ•œ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ƒ์กดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ ํ™•๋ณด์™€ ์ง€์†์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์ œ๋„์  ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

์…‹์งธ, ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ์ •(+)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. Forgues et al.(2011)8์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ๊ณต์œ ๋œ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ํŒ€์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ์˜์กดํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋„์ „๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์€ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์› ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž ๋ฐ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ์˜ ์ •๋„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ถˆํ™•์‹คํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

๋์œผ๋กœ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฐœํœ˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์€ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์€ ์—†์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ–‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ๋†’์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

5.2 ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  ๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ 

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ฑ์€ ์ฒซ์งธ, ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง์›์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ด€๋ฆฌ, ๊ถŒํ•œ์ด์–‘, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ž๋ณธ์„ ์„ ํ–‰๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์„ ํ–‰๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ •์ฑ… ๋ฐ ์ „๋žต์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ตœ๊ทผ ์กฐ์ง ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”์šฑ์ด ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์ด ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฒฝ์˜์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์ธ์ธ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ œ๋„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์˜์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์— ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์€ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์ง๋ฌด ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ, ๋ณด์ƒ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ๊ฑด์„ค ๋ถ„์•ผ ๊ธฐ์กด์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „๋ฌดํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•™ํšŒ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์™€์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๊ณผ ์ „๊ตญ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์„ค๋ช…๋ ฅ์ด ๋‚ฎ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์  ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ํ˜์‹ ํ–‰๋™์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์งˆ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

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