Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers

  1. ์ข…์‹ ํšŒ์›โ€ค์ถฉ๋ถ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ† ๋ชฉ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ •, ๊ณตํ•™์„์‚ฌ (Chungbuk National Universityโ€คreion70@gmail.com)
  2. ์ข…์‹ ํšŒ์›โ€ค๊ต์‹ ์ €์žโ€ค์ถฉ๋ถ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ† ๋ชฉ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€ ์กฐ๊ต์ˆ˜, ๊ณตํ•™๋ฐ•์‚ฌ (Corresponding Authorโ€คChungbuk National Universityโ€คhydrohydro@cbnu.ac.kr)



๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์šด์˜, ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰, ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ, ํŽŒํ”„์šด์˜, ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜
Drainage pump station operation, Residual flow, Resilience, Pump operation, Gate operation

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

์ง€๊ตฌ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ทนํ•œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทนํ•œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋„์‹œ ๋ฐฉ์žฌ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฅ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฌ๋‚œ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ์ด๋‹ค(Pachauri et al., 2014). ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 2020๋…„ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์ผ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—ญ๋Œ€ ์ตœ๋Œ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์ผ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 800๋…„ ๋นˆ๋„ ์ด์ƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค(Kim et al., 2020).

๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋„์‹œํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ธ๊ตฌ์™€ ์žฌ์‚ฐ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์žฌ๋‚œ ํ”ผํ•ด์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋„์‹œํ™”๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ถˆํˆฌ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚œ ๋ถˆํˆฌ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ์€ ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์œ ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆํˆฌ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ํ™์ˆ˜์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Li et al., 2021). ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ณ ์ž ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ/๋น—๋ฌผ์ €๋ฅ˜์กฐ์˜ ์ฆ์„ค, ํ•˜ํญ ํ™•์žฅ ๋ฐ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ด€๊ฑฐ ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์„ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์„ ์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ , ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํ•œ๊ณ„๋กœ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”ผํ•ด์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‚ด๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์„ ๊ณผ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ๋ฐฉ์žฌ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์šด์˜๊ฐœ์„ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋น„๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค(Faisal et al., 1999; Maeda et al., 2002; Meyer et al., 2012).

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ ๋ฐฉ์žฌ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ค‘ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ์‹œ์„ค์ธ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์˜ ์šด์˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์€ ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ํŽŒํ”„ ๊ฐ€๋™ ์ˆ˜์œ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ˆœ์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŽŒํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋„์‹œํ•˜์ฒœ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์ด๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ์ˆ˜์œ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์€ ํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์œ ์ˆ˜์ง€ ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํŽŒํ”„์šด์˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(Hwang et al., 2019; Lee et al., 1992; Lee et al., 2012; Pasha and Lansey, 2009; Son et al., 2017). ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ์ธ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ํŽŒํ”„์šด์˜์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์€ ์™ธ์ˆ˜์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฅ˜ํ† ๊ตฌ ํ•˜๋‹จ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋ฉด ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์„ ํ์‡„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์šด์˜์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™ธ์ˆ˜์œ„์™€ ๋‚ด์ˆ˜์œ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ €ํ•˜ ์ •๋„๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ฑ๋Šฅํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํ‘œ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ทนํ•œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ €ํ•˜์˜ ์ •๋„์™€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์— ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋‹ค(Dong et al., 2017). ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Mugume et al.(2015)์€ ๋‚ด๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ์ „์ฒด ๋ถ„์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „์ฒด ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. Lee et al.(2017)์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์„ ์œ ์—ญ ์ „์ฒด์— ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ ์ด๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ„ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์ด ๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๊ฐ ์ ˆ์ ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฐ’์ด๋‹ค. ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์ž๋™์šด์˜์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

2.1 ๋Œ€์ƒ์œ ์—ญ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์ž๋ฃŒ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œ ์—ญ์€ ๋Œ€๊ตฌ๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ ์„œ๊ตฌ ๋น„์‚ฐ๋™์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋น„์‚ฐ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์œ ์—ญ๋ฉด์ ์€ 55 ha์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜ํŽŒํ”„๋Š” ์ด 3๊ฐœ๋กœ, ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด 3.16 ใŽฅ/s์ธ ์ „๋™ํŽŒํ”„ 2๋Œ€์™€ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด 1.58 ใŽฅ/s์ธ ์—”์ง„ํŽŒํ”„ 1๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์€ ์œ ์ˆ˜์ง€ ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์ˆ˜๋ฌธ(2.5 m ร— 2.5 m) 1๊ธฐ์™€ ํ•˜์ฒœ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์™ธ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ(2.5 m ร— 2.0 m) 1๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. Fig. 1์€ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ด€๋ง๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—ญ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด๋‹ค. Fig. 1์—์„œ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ์ง€์ ์€ ๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€์ (Main node)์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€์ ์€ ์œ ์ถœ๊ณ„์ˆ˜์™€ ์œ ์—ญ๋ฉด์ ์˜ ๊ณฑ์ด 0.12 ใŽข ์ด์ƒ์ธ ์ง€์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ดˆ๋ก์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ์ง€์ ์€ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ์ง€์ ์ด๋‹ค.

๋น„์‚ฐ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๋นˆ๋„๋Š” 1982๋…„ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ˜ธ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๊ตฌ์˜ 1982๋…„ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Š” 8์›” 14์ผ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด 61.4 mm๋กœ ๊ด€์ธก๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Š” ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰๋„ ๊ฐœ์„  ๋ฐ ๋ณด์™„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(MOLIT, 2011)๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 20๋…„์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํš๋“ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด(MOIS, 2013)๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Table 1์€ ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™•์ธํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ผ์ž์˜ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•œ ํ‘œ์ด๋‹ค.

Table 1์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ•์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 10๋…„์„ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฐ•์šฐ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋น„์‚ฐ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๋นˆ๋„์ธ 20๋…„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์•„ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹ค์ œ ํ™์ˆ˜์‚ฌ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Š” ์ธ๊ทผ ๊ธฐ์ƒ๊ด€์ธก์†Œ์ธ ๋Œ€๊ตฌ(143)๊ด€์ธก์†Œ์˜ ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ™์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฐ์ • ํ‘œ์ค€์ง€์นจ(ME, 2019)์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ™•๋ฅ  50 %์ด๊ณ , huff 3๋ถ„์œ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฌด์ฐจ์› ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€๊ณก์„ ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ 30๋ถ„, 60๋ถ„, 90๋ถ„, 120๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ํ•˜์ฒœ์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ 100๋…„์ž„์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ 30๋…„, 50๋…„, 70๋…„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋Œ€์ƒ์œ ์—ญ ๊ด€๋ง์˜ ์ •๋ณด์™€ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ SWMM (Storm Water Management Model)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์œ ์ถœ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. SWMM์€ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ๋„์‹œ์œ ์ถœ ๋ชจํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ฒญ(United States Environmental Protection Agency, EPA)์ด 1971๋…„์— ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. SWMM์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ€์ง€์™€ ๋น„์‹œ๊ฐ€์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ฐ•์šฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ์† ๊ฐ•์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ์˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์œ ์ถœ ๋ชจํ˜•์ด๋‹ค(Rossman and Simon, 2022). ๋ชจ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ž„์˜๋กœ ์กฐ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. SWMM์˜ ์œ ์ถœ ๋ชจํ˜•์€ ์†Œ์œ ์—ญ, ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ด€๋กœ, ์œ ์ˆ˜์ง€, ์˜ค๋ฆฌํ”ผ์Šค, ํŽŒํ”„ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์งˆ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ‘œ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 1. Basin and Sewer Network of the Bisan Pump Station
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2022.42.6.0793/fig1.png
Table 1. Date and Frequency of Flooding Rainfall Events

Rainfall date

Total rainfall (Frequency)

1998.08.16. - 08.17.

109.5 mm (2 yr)

1998.09.29. - 10.01.

247.5 mm (10 yr)

1999.09.19. - 09.20.

91.0 mm (2 yr)

1999.09.23. - 09.24.

132.0 mm (2 yr)

2000.07.23. - 07.24.

189.5 mm (5 yr)

2002.08.30. - 08.31.

233.0 mm (10 yr)

2003.09.12. - 09.13.

196.0 mm (5 yr)

2004.06.19. - 06.21.

135.0 mm (2 yr)

2004.08.18. - 08.19.

236.5 mm (10 yr)

2004.07.16. - 07.17.

125.0 mm (2 yr)

2.2 ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ์ง€์  ์„ ์ •

๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ์ง€์ ์€ ์ตœ์ดˆ ๋ฐ ์ตœ๋Œ€์›”๋ฅ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ์ง€์ ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ดˆ ๋ฐ ์ตœ๋Œ€์›”๋ฅ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ์ง€์ ์€ ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ดˆ์›”๋ฅ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ์ง€์ ์€ 1 mm์”ฉ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋Š˜๋ ค๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ•์šฐ-์œ ์ถœ๋ชจ์˜๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์›”๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ง€์ ์„ ๋œปํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ดˆ์›”๋ฅ˜์ง€์ ์€ ์ „์ฒด ๊ด€๊ณผ ๊ฐ„์„ ์—์„œ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Table 2๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ๊ด€(All conduit)๊ณผ ๊ฐ„์„ (Main conduit)์—์„œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์›”๋ฅ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ์ง€์ ๊ณผ ์›”๋ฅ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ „์ฒด๊ด€์—์„œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์›”๋ฅ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ์ง€์ ์€ MBS0438๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ๊ฐ„์„ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 30๋ถ„๊ณผ 60๋ถ„์ผ ๋•Œ MBS0133์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 90๋ถ„๊ณผ 120๋ถ„์—์„œ๋Š” MBS0014๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

์ตœ๋Œ€์›”๋ฅ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ์ง€์ ์€ ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 30๋…„, 50๋…„, 70๋…„์ธ ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์ตœ๋Œ€์›”๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Table 3์€ ์ตœ๋Œ€์›”๋ฅ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ์ง€์ ์„ ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ตœ๋Œ€์›”๋ฅ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ์ง€์ ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—์„œ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ MBS0133์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ„์„ ์—์„œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์›”๋ฅ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ์ง€์ ์ด์ž ์ตœ๋Œ€์›”๋ฅ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ์ง€์ ์ธ MBS0133์„ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 2. First Flooding Node and Rainfall by Duration

Duration

(min)

First flooding node

(All conduit)

First flooding node

(Main conduit)

Node

Rainfall

Node

Rainfall

30

MBS0438

28 mm

MBS0133

39 mm

60

MBS0438

37 mm

MBS0133

52 mm

90

MBS0438

47 mm

MBS0014

58 mm

120

MBS0438

57 mm

MBS0014

75 mm

Table 3. Maximum Flooding Node by Frequency and Duration

Duration

(min)

Frequency

30 yr

50 yr

70 yr

30

MBS0133

MBS0133

MBS0133

60

MBS0133

MBS0133

MBS0133

90

MBS0133

MBS0133

MBS0133

120

MBS0133

MBS0133

MBS0133

2.3 ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜

์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜์€ ์™ธ์ˆ˜์œ„์™€ ๋‚ด์ˆ˜์œ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์œ ์ˆ˜์ง€ ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํŽŒํ”„์šด์˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์€ ์™ธ์ˆ˜์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์ˆ˜์œ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ์‡„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์™ธ์ˆ˜์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์ˆ˜์œ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. Fig. 2๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ๋œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„, Fig. 3์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์ด ํ์‡„๋œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…๋„์ด๋‹ค.

ํŽŒํ”„์šด์˜์€ ์ด 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šด์˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” Pump Rule 1 (PR1)๋กœ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ๊ฐ€๋™์ˆ˜์œ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ˆœ์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŽŒํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์šด์˜์ด๋‹ค. Fig. 4๋Š” PR1์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…๋„์ด๋‹ค.

๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” Pump Rule 2 (PR2)๋กœ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ์ง€์ ์˜ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํŽŒํ”„๋ฅผ ์ „๋Ÿ‰๊ฐ€๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์šด์˜์ด๋‹ค. PR2๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ PR1์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ํŽŒํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค. Fig. 5๋Š” PR2๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…๋„์ด๋‹ค.

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ Pump Rule 3 (PR3)์€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€๋™์ˆ˜์œ„๋ฅผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์šด์˜์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ๊ธฐํ›„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์œ ์ˆ˜์ง€ ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ํŽŒํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€๋™์ˆ˜์œ„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. Fig. 6์€ PR3๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด๋‹ค.

์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜ 2๊ฐ€์ง€์™€ ํŽŒํ”„์šด์˜ 3๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜์€ ์™ธ์ˆ˜์œ„, ๋‚ด์ˆ˜์œ„ ๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ์ง€์ ์˜ ๊ด€์ธก์ˆ˜์œ„๋ฅผ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์šด์˜์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜๊ณผ ํŽŒํ”„์šด์˜์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์šด์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. Fig. 7์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜์˜ ๋ชจ์‹๋„์ด๋‹ค.

Fig. 7์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์ฒœ์—์„œ ๊ด€์ธก ์™ธ์ˆ˜์œ„์™€ ์œ ์ˆ˜์ง€์—์„œ ๊ด€์ธก ๋‚ด์ˆ˜์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„์™€ ์™ธ์ˆ˜์œ„์™€ ๋‚ด์ˆ˜์œ„์˜ ์ˆ˜์œ„์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ ์ˆ˜์œ„์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ์„ ํƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŽŒํ”„์šด์˜์€ ์œ ์ˆ˜์ง€์˜ ๊ด€์ธก ์ˆ˜์œ„์™€ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ์ง€์ ์˜ ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ํŽŒํ”„์šด์˜์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์šด์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์„ ํƒ๋œ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜๊ณผ ํŽŒํ”„์šด์˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ ์ƒํƒœ, ํŽŒํ”„ ์šด์˜์—ฌ๋ถ€ ๋ฐ ํŽŒํ”„ ํ† ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 2. Gate Open Concept
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2022.42.6.0793/fig2.png
Fig. 3. Gate Close Concept
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2022.42.6.0793/fig3.png
Fig. 4. PR1 Operation
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2022.42.6.0793/fig4.png
Fig. 5. PR2 Operation
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2022.42.6.0793/fig5.png
Fig. 6. PR3 Operation
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2022.42.6.0793/fig6.png
Fig. 7. Automatic Operation of the Drainage Pump Station Including the Gate Operation
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2022.42.6.0793/fig7.png

2.4 ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์ž”๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ์ค‘์ธ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๊ด€๋‚ด ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ•ฉ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์€ ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅํ•จ์ˆ˜ u(t)๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ , u(t)๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. Fig. 8์€ ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด๋‹ค.

Fig. 8์€ ์ ˆ์ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ n๊ฐœ์ด๊ณ  ๊ด€๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ m๊ฐœ์ธ ๋‚ด๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์€ m๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ด€๊ฑฐ๋‚ด๋ฅผ ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ•ฉ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์€ n๊ฐœ์˜ ์ ˆ์ ์—์„œ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ•ฉ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ t์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. Eq. (1)์€ ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์‹์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, Eq. (2)๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅํ•จ์ˆ˜ ์‹, Eq. (3)์€ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์‹์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค.

(1)
$RQ_{t}=\sum_{i=1}^{n}Q_{Ii}+\sum_{j=1}^{m}Q_{Cj}$
(2)
$u(t)= 1 -\dfrac{F_{t}}{RQ_{t}}$
(3)
$Res =\dfrac{1}{T_{n}}\int_{0}^{T_{n}}u(t)dt$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, n์€ ์ด ์ ˆ์ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜์ด๊ณ , m์€ ์ด ๊ด€๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค. QIi๋Š” i๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ ˆ์ ์˜ ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์ด๊ณ , QCj๋Š” j๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ด€๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ด€๋‚ด ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์ด๋‹ค. u(t)๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ , Res๋Š” ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. Ft๋Š” t์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰(ใŽฅ/s), RQt๋Š” t์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰(ใŽฅ/s)์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, Tn์€ ์ „์ฒด ๋ถ„์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค.

Fig. 8. Residual Flow Concept
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2022.42.6.0793/fig8.png

3. ์ ์šฉ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

๋น„์‚ฐ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์— ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋น„์‚ฐ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์˜ ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋Š” ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์ด ํฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉด, ์ „์ฒด ๋ถ„์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ „์ฒด ๋ถ„์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ , ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉด, ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 30๋ถ„, 60๋ถ„, 90๋ถ„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  120๋ถ„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ Tables 4~7์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด 90๋ถ„์ผ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ปค์กŒ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค.

Table 4๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 30๋…„์—์„œ 5.20E-05, ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 50๋…„์—์„œ 8.18E-05, ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 70๋…„์—์„œ 9.72E-05๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋‘ ์šด์˜์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์ด ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 30๋ถ„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์ด ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

Table 5๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 30๋…„์—์„œ 2.58E-04, ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 50๋…„์—์„œ 4.38E-04, ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 70๋…„์—์„œ 5.58E-04๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋‘ ์šด์˜์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์ด ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 60๋ถ„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์šด์˜์ด๋‹ค.

Table 6์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 90๋ถ„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 30๋…„์—์„œ 3.63E-04, ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 50๋…„์—์„œ 5.96E-04, ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 70๋…„์—์„œ 7.71E-04๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋‘ ์šด์˜์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 90๋ถ„์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์ด ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์šด์˜์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

Table 7์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 120๋ถ„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 30๋…„์—์„œ 3.29E-04, ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 50๋…„์—์„œ 6.07E-04, ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 70๋…„์—์„œ 8.07E-04๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋‘ ์šด์˜์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 120๋ถ„์—์„œ๋„ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์ด ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์šด์˜์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

Tables 4~7์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 90๋ถ„์—์„œ ์šด์˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ๊ฐ’์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 90๋ถ„์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ตœ์ดˆ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค ์งง์•„ ์šฐ์ˆ˜๊ด€๋ง์˜ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 120๋ถ„์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์ด ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 30๋ถ„๊ณผ 60๋ถ„์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 90๋ถ„๋ณด๋‹ค ์ด๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ž‘์•„ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 90๋ถ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 90๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 9๋Š” ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 30๋ถ„์— ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 30๋…„์ผ ๋•Œ์™€ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 120๋ถ„์— ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 70๋…„์ผ ๋•Œ์˜ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰, ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰, ์œ ์ˆ˜์ง€ ์ˆ˜์œ„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. Fig. 9(a)์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฒจ๋‘์—์„œ ๋” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋‚˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์ด ์ฒจ๋‘์—์„œ์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ๋” ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์—์„œ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋‚ด๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์œ ์ž…์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ๋‹ค. Fig. 9(b)์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ์ฒจ๋‘๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ์†Œ๋ฉธํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ๋‹จ์ถ•๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ์ˆ˜์ง€ ์ˆ˜์œ„๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜์—์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 4.5 m๊นŒ์ง€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€๋™ ์ˆ˜์œ„์ธ 1.5 m๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜ ์œ ์ˆ˜์ง€ ์ˆ˜์œ„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ํŽŒํ”„๊ฐ€ ์ „๋Ÿ‰๊ฐ€๋™๋˜์–ด ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ์ˆ˜์ง€ ์ˆ˜์œ„๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด Fig. 9(a)์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ์ฒจ๋‘๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , Fig. 9(b)์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ์ฒจ๋‘๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ์›๋ž˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณต์›๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ๋น ๋ฅด๋‹ค. Fig. 10์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

Fig. 10์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๋™์ผ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์€ ์ ์  ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์ผ ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ์ตœ์ € ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์€ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด 30๋ถ„์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์›๋ž˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณต์›๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์—์„œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์˜ ์ฒจ๋‘์—์„œ๋งŒ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณด๋‹ค ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 60๋ถ„, 90๋ถ„, 120๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฒจ๋‘์—์„œ์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋„ ์ ์  ์ปค์ง€๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์˜ ๋ณต์›์‹œ์ ๋„ ๋นจ๋ผ์กŒ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•์šฐ์˜ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์งง์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์šด์˜์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ , ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธธ์ˆ˜๋ก ์šด์˜์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์ปค์กŒ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜์€ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์งง๊ณ  ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ ์ˆ˜๋ก ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ €ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ €ํ•˜์˜ ํญ์ด ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด 120๋ถ„์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์€ ๋น„๊ต์  ๊ฐ์†Œํญ์ด ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 30๋ถ„, 60๋ถ„, 90๋ถ„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  120๋ถ„์— ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 30๋…„, 50๋…„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  70๋…„์ธ ์ด 12๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ ์šฉ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์šด์˜์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธธ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ์ปค์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ €ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์›๋ž˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณต๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ๋นจ๋ž๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜์ด ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์šด์˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 9. System Function, Storage Depth and Flooding Graphs
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2022.42.6.0793/fig9.png
Fig. 10. System Function Graphs for Each Duration and Frequency
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2022.42.6.0793/fig10.png
Table 4. Resilience Results for the Current Operation and the Proposed Operation (Duration 30 min)

Operation

30 min

30 yr

(45.80 mm)

50 yr

(49.60 mm)

70 yr

(52.00 mm)

Current

0.999414

0.999059

0.998838

Proposed

0.999466

0.999141

0.998935

Difference

5.20E-05

8.18E-05

9.72E-05

Table 5. Resilience Results for the Current Operation and the Proposed Operation (Duration 60 min)

Operation

60 min

30 yr

(65.60 mm)

50 yr

(71.10 mm)

70 yr

(74.70 mm)

Current

0.998598

0.997928

0.997476

Proposed

0.998856

0.998366

0.998034

Difference

2.58E-04

4.38E-04

5.58E-04

Table 6. Resilience Results for the Current Operation and the Proposed Operation (Duration 90 min)

Operation

90 min

30 yr

(78.10 mm)

50 yr

(84.70 mm)

70 yr

(89.00 mm)

Current

0.998585

0.997802

0.997228

Proposed

0.998948

0.998397

0.997999

Difference

3.63E-04

5.96E-04

7.71E-04

Table 7. Resilience Results for the Current Operation and the Proposed Operation (Duration 120 min)

Operation

120 min

30 yr

(87.41 mm)

50 yr

(94.71 mm)

70 yr

(99.62 mm)

Current

0.998989

0.998149

0.997548

Proposed

0.999318

0.998756

0.998354

Difference

3.29E-04

6.07E-04

8.07E-04

4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์šด์˜์—์„œ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์šด์˜์ด๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์€ ์™ธ์ˆ˜์œ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ด์ˆ˜์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ง€์†ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์šด์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์šด์˜์ด๋‹ค.

๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ €ํ•˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ์›๋ž˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋˜๋Š” ํ—ˆ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณต๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํ‘œ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿ‰๋Œ€๋น„ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋‹จ์œ„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๊ด€๋‚ด ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ•ฉ์ด๋‹ค. ์ž”๋ฅ˜์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋น„์‚ฐ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด 12๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์˜ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ 30๋ถ„, 60๋ถ„, 90๋ถ„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  120๋ถ„์ด๋ฉฐ, ์žฌํ˜„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 30๋…„, 50๋…„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  70๋…„์ด๋‹ค. ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ ์ ์šฉ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋“  ์šด์˜์—์„œ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 90๋ถ„์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์šฐ ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 90๋ถ„์ด ์ตœ์ดˆ์œ ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค ์งง์•„ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์งง์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์šด์˜์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํด์ˆ˜๋ก ์šด์˜์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธด ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์‚ฌ์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์šด์˜์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์ด ๋” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ, ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์ด ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฐ ๋ณต์›๋ ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์ด ๋น„์‚ฐ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธฐ์กด ์šด์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์šด์˜์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ด€๋ง์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์šด์˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผํŽŒํ”„์žฅ ์ž๋™์šด์˜์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์‚ฌ์ƒ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์—ญ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์šด์˜์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธ€

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ •๋ถ€(๊ต์œก๋ถ€)์˜ ์žฌ์›์„ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(๊ณผ์ œ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ: NRF-2019R1I1A3A01059929).

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2021 CONVENTION ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์ˆ˜์ •ยท๋ณด์™„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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