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  1. ์ •ํšŒ์›โ€คํ•œ๊ตญ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ๊ตฌ์กฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์› (Korea Research Institute of Smart Material and Structures Systemยทchlqjarbs@naver.com)
  2. ์ •ํšŒ์›โ€ค๊ต์‹ ์ €์žโ€ค๊ฑด์–‘๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ณต๊ณต์•ˆ์ „์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ ์ „์ž„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›, ๊ณตํ•™๋ฐ•์‚ฌ (Corresponding AuthorยทKonyang Universityโ€คpark2630@konyang.ac.kr)
  3. ์ •ํšŒ์›โ€ค๊ฑด์–‘๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์žฌ๋‚œ์•ˆ์ „๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ • (Konyang Universityโ€คws9500@naver.com)
  4. ๊ฑด์–‘๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์žฌ๋‚œ์•ˆ์ „๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ • (Konyang Universityโ€คjhm725@hanmail.net)
  5. ๊ฑด์–‘๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์žฌ๋‚œ์•ˆ์ „๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ • (Konyang Universityโ€คforchyun99@korea.kr)
  6. ์ข…์‹ ํšŒ์›โ€ค๊ฑด์–‘๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ•ด์™ธ๊ฑด์„คํ”Œ๋žœํŠธํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜, ๊ณตํ•™๋ฐ•์‚ฌ (Konyang Universityโ€คheo@konyang.ac.kr)



๋‹ค์ค‘๋ฒฝ ํƒ„์†Œ๋‚˜๋…ธํŠœ๋ธŒ, ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ•์„ฌ์œ , ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด, ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ, ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes, Micro steel fiber, Conductive mortar, Heating performance, Flexural strength

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์€ ๋‹ค์ค‘๋ฒฝ ํƒ„์†Œ๋‚˜๋…ธํŠœ๋ธŒ(MWCNT)์™€ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ•์„ฌ์œ (MSF)๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑด์„ค ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. MWCNT์™€ MSF๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ „๋„์„ฑ๊ณผ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ(Sengul and Gjorv, 2009; Song et al., 2016), ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ด ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๋„ˆ์ง€ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‹ค. ์ „๋„์„ฑ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด๋Š” ์ œ์„ค, ์ œ๋น™, ์‹ค๋‚ด ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ, ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์•ˆ์ „ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง, ์ „์žํŒŒ ์ฐจํ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ์‘์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ œ์„ค ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์—ด์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„๋กœ์˜ ์–ผ์Œ์„ ๋…น์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ „์žํŒŒ ์ฐจํ ๋ฐ ์—ด ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์—๋„ ์‘์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค(Lee and Lee, 2003).

ํŠนํžˆ, MWCNT๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฒน์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉฐ, ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ•๋„ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์€ ํ˜•์ƒ๋น„(๊ธธ์ด/์ง๊ฒฝ. 1000 ์ด์ƒ)๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด์˜ ๋ณด๊ฐ•์žฌ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์†Œ์žฌ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ, ์ „๊ธฐ์  ๋ฐ ์—ด์  ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ํƒ์›”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋‚˜๋…ธ์†Œ์žฌ๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด MSF๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๊ท ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋˜์–ด ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด์˜ ํœจ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ(ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ์ธ์„ฑ)์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋†’์€ ์ธ์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ท ์—ด ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ธ์„ฑ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ ํ† ๋ชฉ ๋ฐ ๊ฑด์ถ• ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ณด๊ฐ•์žฌ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ MWCNT์™€ MSF๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์Šค์ผ€์ผ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ์Šค์ผ€์ผ์—์„œ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‘ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ์žฅ์ ์„ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋„ˆ์ง€ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ MWCNT์™€ MSF๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์ž…๋œ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ, ์ „๊ธฐ์ €ํ•ญ ๋ฐ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฑด์„ค ํ˜„์žฅ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒ์šฉํ™” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

2.1 ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ณ„ํš

๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” MSF์™€ MWCNT๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด์˜ ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹คํ—˜์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด ์‹œํŽธ์—๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ์ค‘๋Ÿ‰์˜ 0.0 wt.%, 0.5 wt.%, 1.0 wt.%์˜ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ MWCNT๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ์ž…ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ถ€ํ”ผ์˜ 2.0 vol.%์˜ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ MSF ๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ์ž…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹คํ—˜์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ „์••(10 V, 30 V, 60 V)๊ณผ ์ „๊ทน ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ(40 ใŽœ, 120 ใŽœ)์„ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ, ์žฌ๋ น 28์ผ์˜ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด์™€ ๋น„๊ตยท๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐœ์—ด ์‹คํ—˜ ํ›„ ํŒŒ๋‹จ๋ฉด์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด FE-SEM ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2.2 ์žฌ๋ฃŒ

2.2.1 ์ž”๊ณจ์žฌ

๊ท ์งˆํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž”๊ณจ์žฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์›๋„์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋œ ํ‘œ์ค€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ‘œ๋ฉด๊ฑด์กฐํฌํ™” ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์ž”๊ณจ์žฌ์˜ ๋น„์ค‘์€ 2.65, ํก์ˆ˜์œจ์€ 0.8 %์ด๋‹ค.

2.2.2 ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ

๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” S์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์กฐํ•œ ๋ณดํ†ต ํฌํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•ด๋‹น ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์˜ ๋น„์ค‘์€ 3.13, ๋ถ„๋ง๋„๋Š” 3,860 ใŽ /g์ด๋‹ค.

2.2.3 MSF

๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ MSF์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” Fig. 1์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, Table 1์€ MSF์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

Fig. 1. MSF Used in This Study and Its Appearance

../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2025.45.1.0007/fig1.png

Table 1. Specifications of the MSF Utilized in This Research

Length

(๐‘™f, ใŽœ)

Density

(g/ใŽค)

Diameter

(df, ใŽ›)

Aspect ratio

(๐‘™f/df)

Elastic modulus

(GPa)

Tensile strength

(MPa)

6

7.85

120

50

โ‰ฅ210

3220

2.2.4 MWCNT

MWCNT๋Š” ๋ฌผ์— ์ž˜ ๋…น์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋…ธ ํฌ๊ธฐ ์ž…์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ฐœ์Šค ํž˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์‹œ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์‘์ง‘๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ์ˆ˜์šฉ์•ก ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ํ˜ผ์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‘์ง‘์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค ๋‚ด ๊ท ์ผํ•œ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์ด ์šฉ์ดํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(Musso et al., 2009; Sobolkina et al., 2012). ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „๋„์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๊ณผ ๋ฐœ์—ด ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์šฉ์•ก์— ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋œ ์•ก์ƒํ˜• MWCNT๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ ๋Œ€๋น„ 3 wt% ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ MWCNT์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์ง๊ฒฝ์€ ์•ฝ 7โˆผ12 ใŽš, ๊ธธ์ด๋Š” 100โˆผ 200 ใŽ›๋กœ, ์ƒ์„ธํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์€ Table 2์— ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Fig. 2๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž…๋œ MWCNT์˜ ํ˜•์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค.

Fig. 2. Appearance of MWCNT Powder Put in This Study

../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2025.45.1.0007/fig2.png

Table 2. Properties of the Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) Used in This Study

Length

(ใŽ›)

Purity

(wt%)

Ave. diameter

(nm)

Specific surface area

(ใŽก/g)

Bulk density

(g/ใŽค)

Appearance

100โˆผ200

ใ€‰96.5

7โˆผ12

200โˆผ250

0.08โˆผ0.12

Black powder

2.3 ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์‹œํŽธ ์ค€๋น„

2.3.1 ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ๋น„

์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด์˜ ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ ์„ค๊ณ„์™€ ์‹œํŽธ ๋ช…์นญ์€ Table 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ-์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๋น„(W/C)๋Š” 0.40์œผ๋กœ, ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ ๋น„์œจ์€ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ:ํ‘œ์ค€์‚ฌ:๋ฌผ=1:2:0.4๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. MSF๋Š” ์„ฌ์œ  ๋ญ‰์นจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณต๊ทน ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ฐ•๋„ ์ €ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ถ€ํ”ผ ๋Œ€๋น„ 2.0 vol%๋กœ ์ œํ•œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , MWCNT๋Š” ์‘์ง‘ ํ˜„์ƒ ๋ฐฉ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ์ค‘๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ์ค€ 0.0 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt%๋กœ ํ˜ผ์ž…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 3. Mortar Mix Ratios and Specimen Labels

Specimens

designation

MWCNT solution (wt%)

Micro steel fiber content (vol%)

W/C

C/S

ratio

Unit weight (kg/ใŽฅ)

W

C

S

PM

-

-

0.4

1:2

264

660

1,320

SF2.0

-

2.0

MWCNT0.5

0.5

-

MWCNT1.0

1.0

-

SF2.0+MWCNT0.5

0.5

2.0

SF2.0+MWCNT1.0

1.0

2.0

2.3.2 ์‹œํŽธ ์ค€๋น„

Fig. 3์€ ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ œ์ž‘ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์™€ ์ž”๊ณจ์žฌ๋ฅผ 30์ดˆ๊ฐ„ ์ €์†์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•œ ๋’ค, MSF๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  90์ดˆ๊ฐ„ ๊ฑด์‹ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ์ˆ˜์™€ MWCNT ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์•ก์„ ๋„ฃ์–ด 90์ดˆ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•œ ๋’ค, ๋ฏน์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ๋ฒฝ์— ๋ถ™์€ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ ํ›„ 150์ดˆ๊ฐ„ ๊ณ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ์ข… ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์•ฝ 5๋ถ„์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ™”ํ•™์  ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฆ๋ฅ˜์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๊ณต๊ทน์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ ๋งค์‰ฌ์™€ ๊ท ์ผํ•œ ์ ‘์ด‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง„๋™ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์—์„œ 3๋ถ„๊ฐ„ ์ง„๋™ ๋‹ค์ง์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํ—˜์šฉ ๋ชฐ๋“œ๋Š” ๋น„๋‹๋กœ ๋ฎ์–ด 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ํ›„ 20ยฑ2โ„ƒ ์ˆ˜์กฐ์—์„œ 28์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ์ˆ˜์ค‘ ์–‘์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 3. Specimens Fabrication Process. (a) Mix Cement and Sand in Dry Form for 30 seconds, (b) MSF Added, Dry Mix 90 sec, (c) Mix MWCNT Solution in Wet Conditions, (d) Mixing Process for 150 seconds, (e) Placement of Copper Mesh, (f) Placement and Densification

../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2025.45.1.0007/fig3.png

2.4 ์‹คํ—˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

2.4.1 ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹คํ—˜

๊ฐ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜ ์žฅ๋น„ ์…‹์—…์€ Fig. 4์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด์˜ ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹คํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ๊ฒฉ์€ ๋ณ„๋„๋กœ ์ •ํ•ด์ ธ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹œํŽธ ์–‘์ชฝ ์ „๊ทน์— ํด๋žจํ”„๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ , DC 10 V, 30 V, 60 V์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ „์••์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ 1์ดˆ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ „์••์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋™์‹œ์— ์ ์™ธ์„  ์—ดํ™”์ƒ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋กœ ์‹œํŽธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์˜จ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ, ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒ์˜จ์—์„œ ๊ฑด์กฐ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค ์˜จ๋„๋Š” 20ยฑ0.5โ„ƒ, ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์Šต๋„๋Š” 50ยฑ5 %๋กœ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์ „์••์˜ ์ผ์ •์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐ ํ…Œ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ์ „ ๋ฐ ๋‹จ๋ฝ ๋ฐฉ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œํŽธ์„ ์ ˆ์—ฐ ๊ณ ๋ฌดํŒ ์œ„์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Fig. 5์€ ๊ฐ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ „์•• ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋ชจ์‹๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค.

Fig. 4. Configuration of Equipment for Measuring Surface Temperature of Specimens

../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2025.45.1.0007/fig4.png

Fig. 5. Schematic Diagram Illustrating the Voltage Supply Approach for Each Experimental Variable. (a) In Case of Electrodes Spacing 120 ใŽœ, (b) In Case of Electrodes Spacing 40 ใŽœ

../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2025.45.1.0007/fig5.png

2.4.2 ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํ—˜

ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํ—˜์€ KS L ISO 679(์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํ—˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, 2016) ๊ทœ๊ฒฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ œ์ž‘๋œ ๋ชฐ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ์žฌ๋ น 28์ผ์— ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์–‘์ƒ์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ 40ร—40ร—160 ใŽฃ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ํ˜• ์‹œํŽธ์€ 100 kN ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋งŒ๋Šฅ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ์‹œํ—˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํ—˜์€ 3์  ์žฌํ•˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹œํŽธ์—๋Š” 50 N/s์˜ ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ์†๋„๋กœ ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐœ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2.4.3 FE-SEM ์ดฌ์˜

๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค ๋‚ด MSF์™€ MWCNT์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด FE-SEM ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹คํ—˜ ํ›„, ๊ฒฝํ™”๋œ ์‹œํŽธ์„ ๋ถ„์‡„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„, ์ง„๊ณต ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋ฐฑ๊ธˆ ์ฝ”ํŒ…์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ๋’ค 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฑด์กฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ FE-SEM์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3. ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„

3.1 ๋ฐœ์—ด์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋ถ„์„

Fig. 6์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ „์••(DC 10 V, 30 V, 60 V)๊ณผ ๊ฐ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๋ฐœ์—ด๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ „๊ทน ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ(40 ใŽœ, 120 ใŽœ)๋ณ„๋กœ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. Fig. 6(a)์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ „์••์ด 60 V์ด๊ณ  ์ „๊ทน ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์ด 40 ใŽœ์ผ ๋•Œ SF2.0+MWCNT1.0 ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ๋ฐœ์—ด๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ๋Œ€ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜จ๋„๋Š” 123.1โ„ƒ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” MSF์™€ MWCNT์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋กœ ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐœ์—ด๋Ÿ‰์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. Fig. 6(b)์—์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ๋™์ผํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ „๊ทน ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์„ 120 ใŽœ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ SF2.0+MWCNT1.0 ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜จ๋„๋Š” 71.2โ„ƒ์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, MWCNT ๋†๋„์™€ ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ „์••์ด ๋†’๊ณ  ์ „๊ทน ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์ด ์ข์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, SF2.0+MWCNT1.0 ์‹œํŽธ์€ MWCNT ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ 0.5 wt%์ธ SF2.0+MWCNT0.5 ์‹œํŽธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ „์••์ด 60 V์ผ ๋•Œ ์ „๊ทน ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์ด 40 ใŽœ์™€ 120 ใŽœ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 103.1โ„ƒ์™€ 51.2โ„ƒ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์™ธ๊ธฐ ์˜จ๋„์ธ 4โ„ƒ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ 25.7๋ฐฐ์™€ 12.8๋ฐฐ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ œ์„ค ๋ฐ ์ œ๋น™ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ๋„ PM ์‹œํŽธ, SF2.0 ์‹œํŽธ, MWCNT0.5 ์‹œํŽธ, MWCNT2.0 ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜จ๋„๋Š” ์ตœ๋Œ€ 20โˆผ22.7โ„ƒ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์•„ ๋ฐœ์—ด ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์–ด ์ œ์„ค ๋ฐ ์ œ๋น™ ์šฉ๋„๋กœ๋Š” ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค.

Fig. 6. The Peak Heat Generation of Each Specimen Based on the Applied Voltage. (a) Electrode Spacing Set to 40 ใŽœ, (b) Electrode Spacing Set to 120 ใŽœ

../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2025.45.1.0007/fig6.png

3.2 ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Fig. 7์€ ์žฌ๋ น 28์ผ์—์„œ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ๊ฐ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. PM ์‹œํŽธ๊ณผ SF2.0 ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ 4.16 MPa์™€ 8.23 MPa๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, MSF๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ MWCNT0.5์™€ MWCNT1.0 ์‹œํŽธ์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 3.81 MPa์™€ 3.51 MPa๋กœ, PM ์‹œํŽธ๋ณด๋‹ค 0.35 MPa์™€ 0.65 MPa ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‘ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” PM ์‹œํŽธ ๋Œ€๋น„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 91.5 %์™€ 84.3 % ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. Xu et al.(2015)์€ MWCNT์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚˜๋…ธ ํฌ๊ธฐ ์ž…์ž๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ์ผ์ • ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰ ์ด์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ฐœ์Šค ํž˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‘์ง‘ ํ˜„์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. Oh et al.(2017) ์—ญ์‹œ MWCNT์˜ ์ตœ์  ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰์ด 0.23 wt% ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‘์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ํ‰๊ท  ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” SF2.0+MWCNT0.5 ์‹œํŽธ์€ 7.25 MPa, SF2.0+MWCNT1.0 ์‹œํŽธ์€ 6.71 MPa๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” SF2.0 ์‹œํŽธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ๊ฐ 0.98 MPa์™€ 1.52 MPa ๋” ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ’์ด๋‹ค. MSF๋กœ๋งŒ ์ œ์ž‘๋œ SF2.0 ์‹œํŽธ์€ PM

์‹œํŽธ๋ณด๋‹ค 1.98๋ฐฐ, MWCNT0.5 ๋ฐ MWCNT1.0 ์‹œํŽธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ๊ฐ 2.16๋ฐฐ, 2.34๋ฐฐ ๋†’์€ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. MSF๋Š” ํœจ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ๊ท ์—ด ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , MWCNT์˜ ํ˜ผ์ž… ๋†๋„์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด์˜ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ, MSF๋Š” ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์—๋„ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, MWCNT์˜ ์ ์šฉ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด์˜ ๋ฐœ์—ด์ฒด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ์จ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 7. Test Results of Average Flexural Strength

../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2025.45.1.0007/fig7.png

3.3 FE-SEM ์ดฌ์˜

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” MSF์™€ MWCNT์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด FE-SEM์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Fig. 8์€ ๋ฐœ์—ด์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹คํ—˜ ํ›„ ํŒŒ๋‹จ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ฑ„์ทจํ•œ SF2.0, MWCNT0.5, MWCNT1.0, SF2.0+MWCNT1.0 ์‹œํŽธ์˜ FE-SEM ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 50๋ฐฐ์™€ 50,000๋ฐฐ์œจ๋กœ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹œํŽธ์˜ SEM ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค ๋‚ด์—์„œ MWCNT์™€ ๊ทธ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์ˆ˜ํ™” ์ƒ์„ฑ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” MWCNT๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ทน ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋„“์€ ๋น„ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ˆ˜ํ™” ์ƒ์„ฑ์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜ํ™”๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. MWCNT์˜ ๊ท ์ผํ•œ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์€ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด์˜ ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์—ญํ•™์  ๊ฐ•๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. Fig. 8(a)์—์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด, SF2.0 ์‹œํŽธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค ๋‚ด MSF ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต๊ทน์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, Fig. 8(b)์˜ MWCNT0.5 ์‹œํŽธ์€ MWCNT ์ž…์ž๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ™” ์ƒ์„ฑ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๊ต์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Fig. 8(c)์˜ MWCNT1.0 ์‹œํŽธ์—์„œ๋Š” MWCNT๊ฐ€ ์‘์ง‘๋˜์–ด ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ณต๊ทน์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ, ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„์— ๋ถ€์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค. Fig. 8(d)์˜ SF2.0+MWCNT0.5 ์‹œํŽธ์€ MSF ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—์„œ MWCNT๊ฐ€ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง• ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ „์ž์˜ ์ด๋™ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜จ๋„ ์ƒ์Šน์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 8. FE-SEM Images of Various Specimens. (a) SF2.0 (ร—50), (b) MWCNT0.5 (ร—50,000), (c) MWCNT1.0 (ร—50,000), (d) SF2.0+MWCNT1.0 (ร—50,000)

../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2025.45.1.0007/fig8.png

4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” MSF์™€ MWCNT๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์ž…๋œ ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด์˜ ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ, ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„, ๋ฏธ์„ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(1) MWCNT ๋†๋„์™€ ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ „์••์ด ๋†’์•„์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํƒ€๋ฅด์˜ ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ „์••์ด 60 V์ด๊ณ  ์ „๊ทน ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์ด 40 ใŽœ์ธ SF2.0+MWCNT1.0 ์‹œํŽธ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด ์‹œํŽธ์€ ์ „๊ทน ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์ด 120 ใŽœ์ธ SF2.0+MWCNT0.5 ์‹œํŽธ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๋ฐœ์—ด๋Ÿ‰์ด 1.7๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค.

(2) MSF๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์ž…๋œ SF2.0 ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” PM ์‹œํŽธ, MWCNT0.5 ์‹œํŽธ, MWCNT1.0 ์‹œํŽธ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ 1.98๋ฐฐ, 2.16๋ฐฐ, 2.34๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋†’์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, 4.5 MPa ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ SF2.0+MWCNT0.5์™€ SF2.0+MWCNT1.0 ์‹œํŽธ์€ MWCNT ํ˜ผ์ž…์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

(3) FE-SEM ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, MWCNT๋Š” MSF์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ „๋„์„ฑ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ MWCNT ์ž…์ž๋Š” ์‘์ง‘ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ, ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํœจ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•˜๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgement

This research was funded by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) of the Ministry of Education, Republic of Korea (Grant no. NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025542).

This paper has been written by modifying and supplementing the KSCE 2024 CONVENTION paper.

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