| Title |
New York City’s Cases and Techniques for Revitalizing Manufacturing Districts |
| Keywords |
공업지역 ; 도시재생 ; 리조닝 ; 특별목적지구 ; 복합용도지구 ; 뉴욕시 Manufacturing District ; Urban Regeneration ; Rezoning ; Special Purpose District ; Mixed Use District ; New York City |
| Abstract |
Manufacturing districts in New York City have changed dramatically over the last several years due to social and economic changes. In particular, the decline of manufacturing in the city and the rise of real estate prices have resulted in the decline or abandonment of existing manufacturing areas. Therefore, revitalizing such areas is one of the most important tasks with which New York City now has to deal. This study reveals two patterns in which New York City manufacturing areas have been or are being revitalized. The first is spontaneously triggered renewal that can be seen in the Meatpacking District and DUMBO. In this pattern, the districts were initially revitalized by spontaneously emerging new uses, such as residential or commercial uses, and the city has encouraged this movement by designating them as Historic Preservation Districts or utilizing urban planning tools to maintain the districts’ characters. The second pattern is that of city-oriented renewal and includes cases like Long Island City, Hunts Point, Williamsburg/Greenpoint, and West Chelsea. In order to maximize the potential of the districts’ existing manufacturing use in these cases, New York City has guided the urban renewal projects through the rezoning process and has adopted all possible means, including Special Purpose District designations, Mixed Use District designations, TDRs, and inclusionary zoning. Consequently, this study finds that the New York City’s experiences in revitalizing manufacturing districts focuses on social and economic perspectives rather than physical renewal planning, and contains various policy implications for Seoul, which faces similar urban regeneration issues, especially for manufacturing districts. |