| Title |
Congestion Patterns Found in a Massive Rally in a Square - With a Case Study on the Candlelight Rally in Gwanghwamun Square |
| Authors |
하재영(Ha, Jae-Young) ; 김세훈(Kim, Sae-Hoon) |
| Keywords |
군중관리 ; 혼잡 ; 보행자 ; 광장 ; 도시 물리적 환경 Crowd Management ; Congestion ; Pedestrian ; Plaza ; Urban Form |
| Abstract |
A city plaza plays a pivotal role in hosting a variety of events. However, a limited and confined space leads to congestion which then causes serious danger to crowd. The aim of this research is to focus on how urban form can contribute to the occurrences of congestion and how we can prepare for the potential danger caused by over-crowding. The research site is Gwanghwamun Square which, as a major stage for a series of massive candle rallies, enables researchers to observe the patterns of crowd movement. The result of this paper indicates that in terms of its static area the development of congestion is significantly influenced by urban form such as transportation infrastructures, ground level land use, the form of the plaza and street furniture. On the contrary, in its dynamic area more critical are purposive(event) areas such as screens, exhibition venues, and event facilities. The formation of congestion in both the dynamic and the static area is largely affected by global movements stemming from pedestrian routes, transportations, commercial areas, marching routes. With the help of this research, we can predict potential congested areas through analysis of urban form, and thus suggest dispersing the purposive areas to make crowd flow more fluidly. |