| Title |
Evaluation of Real-Time Internal Resistance Estimation Techniques for OCV-Based ESS Battery Packs |
| Authors |
박상녕(Sang-Nyeong Park) ; 최용은(Yong-Eun Choi) ; 성치원(Chi-Won Sung) ; 구욱현(Ook-Hyeon Gu) ; 김재문(Jae-Moon Kim) |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5370/KIEE.2025.74.12.2434 |
| Keywords |
Energy Storage System(ESS); State of Charge(SoC); Direct Current Internal Resistance(DCIR); Open Circuit Voltage(OCV); Real-Time Internal Resistance(RTIR) |
| Abstract |
This study analyzes fire incidents in ESS(Energy Storage Systems), focusing on electrical factors and internal resistance. Most cases occurred in renewable energy?integrated ESS and at high SoC(State of Charge), where electrochemical degradation accelerates and resistance increases, raising fire risks. Conventional DCIR(Direct Current Internal Resistance) methods are limited in real operation due to fluctuating currents, so we propose an OCV (Open Circuit Voltage)-based RTIR(Real-Time Internal Resistance) method. Using natural current variations, DCIR enables continuous monitoring without rest periods. Experiments showed stable behavior in mid-SoC ranges, while high and low SoC increased resistance and risk. RTIR results aligned with DCIR, proving effective for real-time monitoring. The approach highlights internal resistance as an early fire risk indicator and supports CBM(Condition-Based Maintenance) for safer, more reliable ESS operation. |