Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers

  1. ํ˜ธ์„œ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ† ๋ชฉํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€ ํ† ๋ชฉ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ์„์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ • ()
  2. ํ˜ธ์„œ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ† ๋ชฉํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€ ํ† ๋ชฉ๊ณตํ•™์ „๊ณต ์กฐ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Hoseo University)


์ž์—ฐ์žฌ๋‚œ, ๋Œ€์„ค, ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์ถ”์ • ๋ชจํ˜•, ๋‹ค์ค‘์„ ํ˜•ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„
Natural disaster, Snowfall, Damages estimation model, Multiple linear regression analysis

  • 1. ์„œ ๋ก 

  • 2. ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•

  • 3. ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„

  •   3.1 ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์ง‘

  •     3.1.1 ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์—ญ ๋ฐ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์„ ์ •

  •     3.1.2 ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”

  •   3.2 ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„

  • 4. ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

  •   4.1 ๋‹ค์ค‘์„ ํ˜•ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ•

  • 5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ๋ช…ํ”ผํ•ด ๋ฐ ์žฌ์‚ฐํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์žฌ๋‚œ์ด ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ„ ํ˜‘์˜์ฒด(Intergovernmental panel on Climate Change, IPCC)์˜ ์ œ 5์ฐจ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ(Fifth assessment report, AR5)์—

๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ๊ทนํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒํŒจํ„ด์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜์–ด ํ™์ˆ˜, ๊ฐ€๋ญ„, ํญ์„ค ๋“ฑ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ด๋ณ€์ด ๋”์šฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฑด์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ธฐํ›„๊ด€๋ จ ์žฌํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€์งˆํ•™์  ์žฌํ•ด๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋ฉฐ, ์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด๋ณ„ ํ”ผํ•ดํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ์›์ธ๋ณ„๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ํ’์ˆ˜ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด์˜ ์ง๏ฝฅ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์ดˆ์ ์ด ๋งž์ถ”์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด๋ณ„ ํ”ผํ•ดํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ํญ์„คํ”ผํ•ด๋Š” ํ™์ˆ˜์— ์ด์–ด์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ํฐ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์•ˆ์ „์ฒ˜์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, 1994๋…„์—์„œ 2013๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์€ 12์กฐ 3์ฒœ์–ต์›์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ค‘ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์™€ ํƒœํ’์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ 85%์ด๊ณ , ๋Œ€์„ค์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด๋Š” ์•ฝ 13%์ด๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์„ค์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด๋„ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋‚˜ ํƒœํ’์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ทธ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋„ ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ง€๋‚œ 2004๋…„ 3์›” ์ถฉ์ฒญ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋Œ€์„ค๊ณผ 2005๋…„ 3์›” ์˜๋™๏ฝฅ์˜๋‚จ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋Œ€์„ค์€ ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด์ฆ ๋ฐ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฌ์‚ฐํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ 2010๋…„ 1์›” ์„œ์šธ์—์„œ 40๋…„ ๋งŒ์— ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 2011๋…„ 2์›”์—๋Š” ๋™ํ•ด์•ˆ์˜ ํญ์„ค๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™ํ•ด์•ˆ์ง€๋ฐฉ์˜ ์ตœ์‹ฌ์‹ ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰ ๊ทน๊ฐ’ ์ตœ๋Œ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ 2012๋…„ ์ฐฝ์›, ํ†ต์˜, ์ง„์ฃผ, ๋ฐ€์–‘ ๋“ฑ ๊ฒฝ๋‚จ ํ•ด์•ˆ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” 12์›” ์ตœ์‹ฌ์‹ ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์—ญ๋Œ€ ์ตœ๋Œ€์น˜์˜ ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ Oh et al. (2015)๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋Œ€์„ค๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ยท๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ž์œผ๋กœ์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ปค์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Toya and Skidmore (2007)์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ธ๋ช…ํ”ผํ•ด์™€ GDP๋‹น ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌํšŒ๏ฝฅ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์š”์ธ(ํ•™๊ต ์ˆ˜์—…์ผ์ˆ˜, ์ •๋ถ€์˜ˆ์‚ฐ ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋“ฑ)์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , OECD๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ต์œก์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜€๋ƒˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋œ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ˆ˜์ •๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜(PICA2C9.gif)๊ฐ€ 0.09~0.35๋กœ ๊ทธ ํšจ์œจ์ด ๋†’์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. Cavallo and Noy (2010)์€ ๊ธฐํ›„๊ด€๋ จ ์š”์ธ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ๏ฝฅ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์š”์ธ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€์„ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋„ Jeong and Lee (2014)์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์„ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ธ๋ช…ํ”ผํ•ด์™€ ์ด์žฌ๋ฏผ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐํ›„๊ด€๋ จ์š”์ธ(์ตœ์‹ฌ์‹ ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰, ๋Œ€์„ค๋ฐœ์ƒ์ผ์ˆ˜)์™€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๏ฝฅ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์š”์ธ(์ธ๊ตฌ, ์ง€์—ญ์ด์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰, ๋ฉด์ )์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Kwon et al. (2016)์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์„คํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ตœ์‹ฌ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ๏ฝฅ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์š”์ธ(์ธ๊ตฌ, ๋ฉด์ , GRDP)๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ์˜ˆ์ธก ํšจ์œจ์ด ๋†’์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.

๋Œ€์„ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋Œ€์„ค ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Xingpeng et al. (2014)๋Š” Grid๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๋‹ค์†์„ฑ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ดˆ์ง€์˜ ํญ์„ค์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ—˜(Hazard), ๋…ธ์ถœ(Exposure), ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ(Vulnerability), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€์‘ ๋ฐ ๋ณต๊ตฌ์„ฑ(Emergency Response and Recovery Capability) 4๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Park et al. (2014)์€ ์šธ์‚ฐ๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ ์‚ฐ์ •์€ ์—”ํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , PSR (Pressure-State-Response) ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์„คํ•ด์œ„ํ—˜์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Kim et al. (2011)์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ํญ์„ค์˜ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 68๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ƒ๊ด€์ธก์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ 1971๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2010๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ 39๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ฒจ์šธ์ฒ  ์ตœ์‹ฌ์‹ ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€์„ค์ฃผ์˜๋ณด์™€ ๋Œ€์„ค๊ฒฝ๋ณด์˜ ๋นˆ๋„์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋ถ„ํฌ๋„๋ฅผ ์—ญ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€์ค‘(Inverse Distance Weighting, IDW)๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Koo et al. (2013)์€ ํญ์„ค์ด ๋„์‹œ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ง€ํ˜•์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์„คํ•ด ์ทจ์•ฝ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ–‰์ •๊ตฌ์—ญ์„ ๋™๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ†ต๊ณ„๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ธ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ•์›์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์•ˆ์ „์ฒ˜์˜ ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ƒ๊ด€์ธก์†Œ ์ง€์ ์˜ ์ตœ์‹ฌ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰, ์ตœ์ €๊ธฐ์˜จ, ํ‰๊ท ์Šต๋„ ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ฒญ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์›์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์ด์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰(Growth Region Domestic Product, GRDP), ๋†์ดŒ์ง€์—ญ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฐ€๋„๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•

ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค. ํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜(independent variable)์™€ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜(dependent variable) ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ด€๊ณ„์‹์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–ป์€ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ด€๊ณ„์‹์—์„œ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์›์ธ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ด๊ณ  ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๊ด€์ธก๋˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค. ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๋‚˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋งŒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„(simple regression analysis)๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„(multiple regression analysis)์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„ ํ˜•ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ๋น„์„ ํ˜•ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์ง„๋‹ค.

๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ, ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 2๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจํ˜•์€ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์ธ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜ PICA3A5.gif์™€ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ตฐ์ธ PICA3B6.gif, PICA3D6.gif, PICA3F6.gif, โ€ฆ, PICA426.gif ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ ํ•ฉ ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ PICA437.gif๊ฐœ์ธ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋ชจํ˜•์€ Eq. (1)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

PICA4A5.gif (1)

Eq. (1)์—์„œ PICA4C5.gif, PICA4E6.gif, PICA4F6.gif,โ€ฆ, PICA517.gif์€ ํšŒ๊ท€๊ณ„์ˆ˜(coefficient)์ด๊ณ , PICA537.gif๋Š” ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜ PICA557.gif๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ค์ฐจ์ด๋‹ค. ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ถ”์ •์€ ํšŒ๊ท€๊ณ„์ˆ˜ PICA577.gif, PICA598.gif, PICA5A8.gif,โ€ฆ, PICA5C8.gif๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ์†Œ์ž์Šน๋ฒ•(ordinary least square : OLS)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ, ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€์‹์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋™์‹œ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ฐฉ์‹(Enter)๊ณผ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ž…๋ ฅ๋ฐฉ์‹(Stepwise)์ด๋‹ค. ๋™์‹œ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ฐฉ์‹(Enter)์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•œ๊บผ๋ฒˆ์— ํšŒ๊ท€์‹์— ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํ†ต์ œ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ํŠน์ • ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ž…๋ ฅ๋ฐฉ์‹(Stepwise)์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํšŒ๊ท€์‹์— ์กด์žฌํ•  ๋•Œ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค๋งŒ์„ ํšŒ๊ท€์‹์— ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ธ๋ฐ, ์„ค๋ช…๋ ฅ์ด ๋†’์€ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ํšŒ๊ท€์‹์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค(Lee and Lim, 2005).

ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์—์„œ ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜(PICA5E9.gif)์˜ ๊ฐ’์€ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์ด ๋ณ€๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์„ค๋ช…๋ ฅ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ์„œ PICA628.gif์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉฐ, Eq. (2)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค. PICA658.gif์˜ ๊ฐ’์ด 1์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šธ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์„ค๋ช…๋ ฅ์ด ํฌ๊ณ , ์ถ”์ •๋œ ํšŒ๊ท€์‹์˜ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์€ ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜(PICA669.gif) ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ์ˆ˜์ •๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜(adjusted coefficient of determination, PICA689.gif)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ •๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜(PICA6A9.gif)๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ทธ ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋„“์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜์˜ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, Eq. (3)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค.

PICA6C9.gif (2)

PICA6EA.gif (3)

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, ์ˆ˜์ •๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜(PICA70A.gif)๋Š” ๊ฐ’์ด 1์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šธ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ํšŒ๊ท€์‹์˜ ์„ค๋ช…๋ ฅ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์—์„œ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ „์ œ์กฐ๊ฑด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค ๊ฐ„์— ์ƒํ˜ธ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋‹ค์ค‘๊ณต์„ ์„ฑ(Multi collinearity)์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์„ค๋ช…๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ„์„ญ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋œ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์œ ํšจ์„ฑ์— ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(Park, 2007). ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ณ€๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์‚ฐํŒฝ์ฐฝ์š”์ธ(Variance Inflation Factor, VIF)๊ฐ€ 10์ด์ƒ์ด ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ณต์ฐจํ•œ๊ณ„(Tolerance)๊ฐ€ 0.1 ์ดํ•˜์ด๋ฉด ๋‹ค์ค‘๊ณต์„ ์„ฑ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์ค‘๊ณต์„ ์„ฑ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ชจํ˜•์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

3. ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„

3.1 ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์ง‘

3.1.1 ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์—ญ ๋ฐ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์„ ์ •

์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์›๋„ 18๊ฐœ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก ์ถ”์ • ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ•์›๋„ ์ง€์—ญ์€ Fig. 1 ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์„ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์€ ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด(MPSS, 2015)์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์•ˆ์ „์ฒ˜์—์„œ ๋งค๋…„ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด๋Š” 1970๋…„๋Œ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์ž‘์„ฑ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด์ง€์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ”ผํ•ด ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฒด๊ณ„ํ™”๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒด๊ณ„ํ™”๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” 1994๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(NDMI, 2013). ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—๋Š” 1994๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2015๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ 22๊ฐœ๋…„์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด ๋Œ€์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ, ์„ ๋ฐ•, ๋†๊ฒฝ์ง€, ๋†์ž‘๋ฌผ๊ณผ 12๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค(๋„๋กœ, ํ•˜์ฒœ, ์†Œํ•˜์ฒœ, ์ˆ˜๋„, ํ•ญ๋งŒ, ์–ดํ•ญ, ํ•™๊ต, ์ฒ ๋„, ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ, ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ, ๊ตฐ์‹œ์„ค, ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋“ฑ), 6๊ฐœ์˜ ์‚ฌ์œ ์‹œ์„ค(์ถ•๋Œ€ ๋ฐ ๋‹ด์žฅ, ๊ฐ€์ถ•, ์ถ•์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ์ž ์‚ฌ, ์ˆ˜์‚ฐ์ฆ์–‘์‹, ์–ด๋ง ๋ฐ ์–ด๊ตฌ, ๋น„๋‹ํ•˜์šฐ์Šค ๋“ฑ)์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์€ ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•™๊ต, ๊ตฐ์‹œ์„ค, ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ„ํ˜น ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์œ ์‹œ์„ค์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์„ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๋ฉฐ, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋น„๋‹ํ•˜์šฐ์Šค, ์ˆ˜์‚ฐ์ฆ์–‘์‹, ์ถ•์‚ฌ๏ฝฅ์ž ์‚ฌ, ๋†์ž‘๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 1

Gangwon Province in South Korea

Figure_KSCE_37_01_06_F1.jpg

Table 1 ์€ ๊ฐ•์›๋„์˜ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์œ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ ์ด ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์„คํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ๊ฐ•๋ฆ‰์‹œ, ์‚ผ์ฒ™์‹œ, ํ™์ฒœ์‹œ ๋“ฑ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์†์ดˆ์‹œ, ์ธ์ œ๊ตฐ, ํƒœ๋ฐฑ์‹œ ๋“ฑ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ Table 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด 1~18๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Fig. 2๋Š” ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ๊ฐ•์›์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํฐ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์—ฐ๋„๋Š” ์•ฝ 266์–ต์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•œ 2011๋…„๊ณผ ์•ฝ 175์–ต์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•œ 2001๋…„์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ธ 1994๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2015๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ด ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์€ ์•ฝ 9,200์–ต์›์ด๊ณ , ์—ฐ ํ‰๊ท  ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์€ ์•ฝ 418์–ต์œผ๋กœ, ๋งค๋…„ ๋‹นํ•ด์—ฐ๋„์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋˜๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ 2015๋…„ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€์ง€์ˆ˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜์‚ฐํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค.

Table 1. Total Property Damages in Gangwon Province (Year : 1994~2015) Table_KSCE_37_01_06_T1.jpg
Fig. 2

Total Snow Damages in Gangwon Province (Year : 1994~2015)

Figure_KSCE_37_01_06_F2.jpg

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์„คํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์— ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„๊ด€๋ จ ์š”์ธ(์ตœ์‹ฌ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰, ํ‰๊ท ์Šต๋„, ์ตœ์ €๊ธฐ์˜จ), ์‚ฌํšŒ๏ฝฅ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์š”์ธ(๋†์ดŒ์ง€์—ญ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฐ€๋„, ์ง€์—ญ์ด์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰)์„ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ์‹ฌ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰์€ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ์ ์„ค๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ‰๊ท ์Šต๋„์™€ ์ตœ์ €๊ธฐ์˜จ์€ ์Šต๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ˆˆ์˜ ๋‹จ์œ„์ค‘๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์˜จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ๋ˆ„์ ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ ํƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์Šต๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ ์„ค์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ธฐ์˜จ์€ ๋‚ฎ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ˆˆ์ด ์ž˜ ๋…น์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋œ ๋†์ดŒ์ง€์—ญ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฐ€๋„์™€ ์ง€์—ญ์ด์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋น„๋‹ํ•˜์šฐ์Šค, ์ˆ˜์‚ฐ์ฆ์–‘์‹, ์ถ•์‚ฌ๏ฝฅ์ž ์‚ฌ, ๋†์ž‘๋ฌผ์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋†์ดŒ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋†์ดŒ์ง€์—ญ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฐ€๋„๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ฑ๋ก์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋†์ดŒ์ง€์—ญ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ํ–‰์ •๊ตฌ์—ญ๋ณ„ ๋ฉด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ ๊ฐ’(๋ช…/km2)์ด๋‹ค. Cavallo and Noy (2010)์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ง€์—ญ์ด์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด ํด์ˆ˜๋ก ํญ์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ†ต๊ณ„์ฒญ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” 2000๋…„ ์ดํ›„์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์ด์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 2000๋…„ ์ด์ „ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ง€์—ญ์ด์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰ ์—ญ์‹œ 2015๋…„ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€์ง€์ˆ˜๋กœ ํ™˜์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 2๋Š” ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰์„ Table 3์— ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ ํ‘œ๋ณธ ์ˆ˜(N)์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฒ ์›๊ตฐ์ด 20๊ฐœ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ‰์ฐฝ๊ตฐ์ด 65๊ฐœ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•„ ๋‹ค์ค‘์„ ํ˜•ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์ˆ˜์ธ 20๊ฐœ(Kim et al., 2013) ์ด์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 2. Definitions of the Independent Variables Applied in This Study Table_KSCE_37_01_06_T2.jpg
Table 3. Statistics of Independent Variables in Sub-Regions Table_KSCE_37_01_06_T3.jpg
Table 3. Statistics of Independent Variables in Sub-Regions (Continue) Table_KSCE_37_01_06_T3_1.jpg

3.1.2 ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”

์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”(Normalization)๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(Kim et al., 2007). ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก ์ถ”์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ ์ •๋˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋œ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์œ„๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ƒ์ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์™€ ๋‹จ์œ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํŽธ์ฐจ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” Eq. (4)์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ Z-Score ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜์‚ฐ๋œ ํ‘œ์ค€๊ฐ’์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

PICA73A.gif (4)

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, PICA75A.gif: ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๊ฐ’, PICA76B.gif: ๋ชจํ‰๊ท , PICA78B.gif: ๋ชจํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ

3.2 ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„

๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์— ์•ž์„œ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ„์˜ ์ด๋ณ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ๊ด€๋ถ„์„์€ ๊ฐ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์˜ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์„ค๋ช…๋ ฅ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐ•์›์ง€์—ญ์˜ 18๊ฐœ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ ๋Œ€์„คํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์ด๋ณ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ๊ด€๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ ˆ๋Œ€๊ฐ’ 1.00์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šธ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ๋†’์•„์ง€๋ฉฐ, +๋Š” ์–‘์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ, -๋Š” ์Œ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. Table 4์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 18๊ฐœ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ตœ์‹ฌ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์–‘์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€๋งŒ, ์ถ˜์ฒœ์‹œ(โ‘ก)๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ 0์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์Œ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๋Œ€์Šต๋„๋Š” ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์–‘์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฐ„ํ˜น ์Œ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ธ์ œ๊ตฐ(โ‘จ)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์Œ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ง€์—ญ์ด์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์€ Cavallo and Noy (2010)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก๊ณผ ์Œ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ์กด์žฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์•ž์„œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์ค‘๊ณต์„ ์„ฑ์€ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์œ ํšจ์„ฑ์— ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๊ณต์ฐจํ•œ๊ณ„(Tol.), ๋ถ„์‚ฐํŒฝ์ฐฝ์š”์ธ(VIF)์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Table 5์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ฒ ์›๊ตฐ, ํ™์ฒœ๊ตฐ, ํ™”์ฒœ๊ตฐ, ์–‘๊ตฌ๊ตฐ ๋“ฑ ์ด 4๊ฐœ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ณต์ฐจํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ 10์ด์ƒ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ„์‚ฐํŒฝ์ฐฝ์š”์ธ์ด 0.1 ์ดํ•˜์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์ค‘๊ณต์„ ์„ฑ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 4. Correlation Coefficients of Dependent Variable between an Independent Variable Table_KSCE_37_01_06_T4.jpg
Table 5. Result of Multi-Collinearity Table_KSCE_37_01_06_T5.jpg

4. ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

4.1 ๋‹ค์ค‘์„ ํ˜•ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ•

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก ์ถ”์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ์ƒ๊ด€์ธก์†Œ 74๊ฐœ ์ง€์ ์˜ ์ตœ์‹ฌ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰, ์ตœ์ €๊ธฐ์˜จ, ํ‰๊ท ์Šต๋„, ๋†์ดŒ์ง€์—ญ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฐ€๋„, ์ง€์—ญ์ด์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋‹ค์ค‘์„ ํ˜•ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๋™์‹œ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ฐฉ์‹(Enter)์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Table 6๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐ•์›์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ด 14๊ฐœ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ ๋Œ€์„คํ”ผํ•ด์•ก ์ถ”์ • ํ•จ์ˆ˜์‹์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, F๋ถ„ํฌ ์œ ์˜ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด 0.05์ดํ•˜๋กœ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจํ˜•์ด ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์˜๋œ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ Fig. 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋Œ€์„คํ”ผํ•ด์•ก๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต ๋ฐ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ช…๋ ฅ์ด ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ณ ์„ฑ๊ตฐ, ์ธ์ œ๊ตฐ, ํƒœ๋ฐฑ์‹œ ๋“ฑ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํšจ์œจ์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํšก์„ฑ๊ตฐ, ํ‰์ฐฝ๊ตฐ, ํ™์ฒœ๊ตฐ ๋“ฑ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ ฅ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Table 6. Multiple Linear Regression Equation using Enter Method Table_KSCE_37_01_06_T6.jpg
Fig. 3

Comparison of Estimation and Occurrence Snow Damages

Figure_KSCE_37_01_06_F3.jpg

๊ตฌ์ถ•๋œ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก๊ณผ ๋ชจ์˜๋œ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ Pearson ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜(Pearson Coefficient of correlation), Root Mean Square Error (ํ‰๊ท ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ์˜ค์ฐจ), ์ˆ˜์ •๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜(adjusted coefficient of determination)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ Table 7์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. Pearson ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜์™€ ์ˆ˜์ •๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” 0๊ณผ 1์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, 1์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šธ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ ์šฉ์„ฑ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , Root Mean Square Error๋Š” ๊ฐ’์ด ์ž‘์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ํšจ์œจ์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต์ง€๋งŒ, ์ˆ˜์ •๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 0.7์ด์ƒ์ธ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 7. Statistical of Occurrence and Estimation DamagesTable_KSCE_37_01_06_T7.jpg

5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์— ๊ธฐ๋ก๋œ ๋Œ€์„คํ”ผํ•ด์•ก ์ถ”์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ตœ์‹ฌ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰, ์ตœ์ €๊ธฐ์˜จ, ํ‰๊ท ์Šต๋„, ์ง€์—ญ์ด์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰, ๋†์ดŒ์ง€์—ญ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฐ€๋„ ์ด 5๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋™์‹œ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ฐ•์›๋„ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ 14๊ฐœ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ์ •๋œ ๋ชจ์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก๊ณผ์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์˜ค์ฐจ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋Œ€์„คํ”ผํ•ด์•ก ์ถ”์ •์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋‹ค์ค‘์„ ํ˜•ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ทน๊ฐ’์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ž˜ ์žฌํ˜„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ์ˆ˜์ •๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 0.7์ด์ƒ์ธ ์‹œ๏ฝฅ๊ตฐ๏ฝฅ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์˜ ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด๊ฐ€ 1970๋…„๋Œ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์ž‘์„ฑ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด์ง€์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ”ผํ•ด ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฒด๊ณ„ํ™”๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒด๊ณ„ํ™”๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์— 1994๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ์—, ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์— ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋œ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ๋‹จ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ์œ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ ๊ณ  ๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค(NDMI, 2013). ์ฆ‰, ํ˜„์žฌ ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์— ์ˆ˜๋ก๋œ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์€ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋‹น์‹œ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์ž์˜ ์ฃผ๊ด€์— ๋งŽ์ด ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ํ–ฅํ›„ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก ์‚ฐ์ •์˜ ๊ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์žฌํ•ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฐœ์ƒ ์›์ธ์€ ์ตœ์‹ฌ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์œ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์˜ ๋…ธํ›„ํ™” ๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ณต์˜ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์™ธ๋ถ€์ ์ธ ์š”์ธ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์•ผ๊ธฐ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ์žฌํ•ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋น„์ฑ…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๋“ค์„ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ, ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ๋ถ„๋‹จ์œ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ๊ด€์ธก๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ผ๋‹จ์œ„ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ํ‰๊ท ์Šต๋„, ์ตœ์ €๊ธฐ์˜จ์ด ์‹ค์ œ ์ตœ์‹ฌ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ์Šต๋„์™€ ์ตœ์ €๊ธฐ์˜จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ ์šฉ์„ฑ์€ ๋‚ฎ์•„์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก ์ถ”์ •๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์žฌํ•ด์—ฐ๋ณด์˜ ๋ณด์™„๊ณผ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ„ ๋‹จ์œ„ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์˜จ์„ ๊ด€์ธกํ•˜๋Š” AWS์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒจ์šธ์ฒ ์˜ ์ ์„ค๋Ÿ‰ ๊ด€์ธก์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ํ›จ์”ฌ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ถ”์ •๋ชจํ˜•์ด ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ํ–ฅํ›„ ํญ์„ค์‹œ ์žฌ๋‚œ๋Œ€์‘ ๋ฐ ํญ์„ค๋Œ€๋น„ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ •์ฑ… ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€๋‚˜ ์ง€์ž์ฒด์— ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ์ง€์›ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ „๊ตญ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ๋Œ€์„ค ํ”ผํ•ด์ถ”์ • ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์žฌ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€(๊ตญ๋ฏผ์•ˆ์ „์ฒ˜)์˜ ์žฌ์›์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๋‚œ์•ˆ์ „๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—…๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž„(MPSS-์ž์—ฐ-2015-79).

References

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