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Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute

J Korea Inst. Struct. Maint. Insp.
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  • Korea Citation Index (KCI)




๊ต๋Ÿ‰, ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„, ์œ ์ง€๊ด€๋ฆฌ, ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ
Bridge, Risk assessment, Maintenance, Vehicular collision

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

์ง€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ์ข… ์žฌํ•ด๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ ๊ต ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„ ์šฉ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•  ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ธ์  ํ”ผํ•ด์™€ ๊ตํ†ตํ๋ฆ„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜ ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€๋Š” ์ธ์  ๋ฐ ์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด์˜ ์ž ์žฌ์  ์œ„ํ˜‘์— ๋Œ€ ์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋น„์ƒ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ณ„ํš ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Bai and Burkett, 2006). ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋„ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š” ์žฌ๋‚œ์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ธ์  ๋ฐ ์ž์—ฐ ์žฌ๋‚œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์žฌ๋‚œ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Kim, 2008). ํŠนํžˆ Barker and Puckett(1997)์€ (1) ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์กฐ์ ˆ, (2) ๊ธธ์ด๋‹น ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์Œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  (3) ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋ถ•๊ดด๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ตํ†ต๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋„ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ตํ†ต ๋„ค ํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ • ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ ์ง€๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค.

๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‰ด์š• ๊ตํ†ต๊ตญ(NYSDOT)์—์„œ 1987๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2011๊นŒ์ง€ ์กฐ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ•๊ดด ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™์ˆ˜, ์„ธ๊ตด๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฌธํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ถ•๊ดด๊ฐ€ 48๊ฑด(52.17%)์œผ๋กœ 1์œ„์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰, ์„ ๋ฐ•๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ถฉ๋Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ถ•๊ดด๊ฐ€ 18๊ฑด(19.57%)์œผ๋กœ 2์œ„๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(Cook et al., 2013). ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•˜์ƒ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ์‹ค์ •๊ณผ๋Š” ์ƒ์ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฐจ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ์žฌ๋‚œ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ ๊ธด๊ธ‰๋ณต๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•จ์— ์žˆ์–ด, ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ•๊ดด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ธ์  ์žฌํ•ด์ธ ์ถฉ๋Œ์—์„œ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ(Vehicle Collision)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์ž๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™•๋ฅ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ๋“ฑ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ณต์šฉ ์ค‘์ธ 8425๊ฐœ์†Œ์˜ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฐจ ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์— ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ์œ„ํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ—Œ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ

2.1. ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก (Risk-Based Methodology)

ํ•œ๊ตญ๋„๋กœ๊ณต์‚ฌ(2013)๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ ์  ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทผ์›(Hazard)์„ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ”ผํ•ด์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ๊ฐ์„ฑ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์šฉํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€(Risk Assessment)๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๋Œ€์‘์ฑ… ๋ฐ ๋ณต๊ตฌ ์ „๋žต์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Cremona et al.(2012)์€ ์œ„ํ—˜ ์š”์†Œ ๋ฐ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ, ์ค‘์š”๋„๋ฅผ ์„  ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์€ Fig. 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 1.

Procedure of Risk-Based Methodology

JKSMI-20-9_F1.jpg

์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์†Œ ๋ฐ ์ทจ์•ฝ ์„ฑ, ์ค‘์š”๋„์˜ ์‹๋ณ„์ด๋‹ค. ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์†Œ์˜ ์‹๋ณ„์€ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์†Œ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋“ฑ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด๋‹ค.

๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์†Œ ์‹๋ณ„๊ณผ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ฌ๊ฐ๋„ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค(Criticality matrix)๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐ๋„ (Criticality) ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰๊ณผ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ข… ์œ„ํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ข… ์œ„ํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์—์„œ ๋‚ฎ์Œ(Low) ๋‹จ ๊ณ„์— ์†ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์€ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ณดํ†ต(Medium) ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ์†ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด, ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์†Œ ๋ฐ ์ทจ ์•ฝ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„, ๋‚ฎ์Œ(Low) ๋‹จ๊ณ„์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค.

์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ์ตœ์ข… ์œ„ํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์—์„œ ๋†’์Œ(High) ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ์†ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ์ƒ์„ธ์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณต๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€์‘์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค.

ํ•œ๊ตญ๋„๋กœ๊ณต์‚ฌ(2013)๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ™”์žฌ์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜ ๊ณ , ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™”์žฌ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ™”์žฌ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋น„์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„(Preliminary Risk Analysis, PRA), ์ฒดํฌ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ™”์žฌ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜ ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„(Simplified Risk Analysis, SRA), ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„ ์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ™”์žฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ค์‹œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ์„ธ์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„(Detailed Risk Analysis, DRA)์˜ ์„ธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค.

๋จผ์ € PRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฌ๋‹ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด, ํ™”์žฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€์˜ ํ•„์š” ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ SRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” PRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ํ™”์žฌ์˜ ๋ฐœ ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ(Occurrence), ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ(Vulnerability), ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„ (Importance) ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์˜ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š” ํ•˜๋ถ€๋„๋กœ ์ข…๋ฅ˜, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์กฐ๊ฑด, ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ํ•˜๋ถ€ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ™”์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์€ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์— ์ ์šฉ๋œ ์ฃผ์š” ์žฌ๋ฃŒ, ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ„ ํŠน์„ฑ, ์œ ์ง€๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ƒํƒœ, ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ํ•˜๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ˜•ํ™”์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ค‘์š”๋„๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.

3. ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฌธํ—Œ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์žฅ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ Fig. 2์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด PRA, SRA, DRA์˜ ์„ธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” Fig. 1์˜ Criticality Matrix๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ, ์ค‘์š”๋„์˜ ์ธ์ž ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์‚ฌ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 2.

Risk Assessment Procedure

JKSMI-20-9_F2.jpg

์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ธ PRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์žฌ๋‚œ๋ณ„๋กœ ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฌ๋‹(Screening) ์ž‘์—…์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์˜ ํ•„์š” ์œ ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์ด ํ•˜์ฒœ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ ๋ฐ•์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ถฉ๋Œ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ•˜์ฒœ์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์•„ ์„ ๋ฐ• ํ†ตํ–‰์— ์ œํ•œ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์ด ์•„๋‹ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ PRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ์œ„ ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์— ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ธ์ž๋“ค์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ - ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ธ SRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” PRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„ ์„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. SRA ๋‹จ ๊ณ„๋Š” ์ถฉ๋Œ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ(Occurrence), ์ถฉ๋Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ทจ ์•ฝ์„ฑ(Vulnerability), ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„(Importance)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ ์ • ๋œ ์ธ์ž๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ Kodur and Naser(2013)๊ฐ€ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ ์‚ฐ์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ข… ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ข… ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ฐ ํ•ญ ๋ชฉ(๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ, ์ค‘์š”๋„)๋ณ„ ์ ์ˆ˜์™€ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ ์ˆ˜ ์˜ ๋น„๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณฑํ•œ ํ›„์— ํ•ฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ ์ •๋œ ์ตœ์ข… ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ Low Risk(RL), Moderate Risk(RM), High Risk(RH) ์„ธ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ข… ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค.

์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ DRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” SRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์ด RH๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์— ํ•œํ•ด์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ํ•˜ํ–ฅ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ด๋‹ค. ์ถฉ ๋Œ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ต ๋Ÿ‰๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค, ์ •๋ฐ€ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ํ•ด์„, ๊ฐœ์„  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋“ฑ ์˜ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ํ•˜ํ–ฅ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ ˆ์ฐจ ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณด์™„๋œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์€ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ์žฌํ‰๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

3.1. ์œ„ํ—˜๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฐ์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์—์„œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„์ด ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข€ ๋” ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋„ ์ถœ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์ข‹์Œ, ๋ณดํ†ต, ๋‚˜์จ์˜ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค. ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ณผ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋ฒ•์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์„œ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋Œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์— ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ Lee et al.(2006)์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž์—ฐ์  ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋ฒ•(Natural Break based Interval, NBI), ๋“ฑ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ๋ฒ•(Equal Interval, EI), ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ๋ฒ•(Standard Deviation based Interval, SDI)๊ณผ ์ด์ „์˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ๋„๋กœ๊ณต์‚ฌ(2013) ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋ฒ•(Reliability based Interval, RI) ์ด 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ ์ธ์ž๋ฅผ 3๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด 1~3์  ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ž์—ฐ์  ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋ฒ•์€ Jenks์˜ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ ๋ณธ๊ฐœ๋…์€ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ๋‚ด์—์„œ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฐฐ์—ด์˜ ๋™์งˆ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์ด์งˆ์„ฑ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃนํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ž์—ฐ์  ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋ฒ•์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์žฅ์ ์€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์˜ ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ž์—ฐ์  ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์ ˆ ์ฐจ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…๋œ๋‹ค.

  • 1) ์‹ (1)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ „์ฒด ์ž๋ฃŒ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’(X)์„ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ ๊ด€์ธก์น˜๋“ค์ด ํ‰๊ท ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

    (1)
    S D A M = ฮฃ ( X i โˆ’ X ยฏ ) 2

  • 2) ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ํ›„ ๊ฐ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ‰๊ท (Z)์„ ๊ตฌํ•œ ํ›„ ์‹ (2)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์— ์†ํ•œ ๊ด€์ธก์น˜๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•œ ํ›„ ์ „์ฒด ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ ๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค.

    (2)
    S D C M = ฮฃ ฮฃ ( X i โˆ’ Z ยฏ ) 2

  • 3) ์œ„ ์‹๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹ (3)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด Goodness of Variance Fit (GVF)์„ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค.

    (3)
    G V F = S D A M โˆ’ S D C M S D A M

GVF์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋Š” 0~1์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉฐ, 1์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šธ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ตœ ์ ํ™”๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ’์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ GVF๊ฐ’์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋“ฑ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์œผ ๋กœ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋„๋ฆฌ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ธ์ž๋ณ„ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ 1~3์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฅผ 3๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ๋ฒ•์€ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์ •๊ทœ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ‰๊ท ๊ณผ ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•œ ํ›„ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ธฐ ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ยฑํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ(ฯƒ)์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’๊ณผ +2ฯƒ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€ ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 1์ ์€ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’ ์ด๋‚ด, 3์ ์€ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’ +2ฯƒ ์ด์ƒ, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ด๋Š” 2์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋ฒ•์€ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ฐœ์ •๋œ ๋„๋กœ๊ต ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€(2012)์—์„œ ์ •์˜ ๋œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํŒŒ๊ดด ํ™•๋ฅ ์€ P f = ฮฆ ( โˆ’ ฮฒ ) ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ ฮฒ๊ฐ’์ด ํด์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํŒŒ๊ดด ํ™•๋ฅ ์€ ์ž‘์•„์ง„๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, ฮฆ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ค€์ •๊ทœ ๋ถ„ํฌ์˜ ๋ˆ„์ ๋ถ„ํฌ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์ด๋ฉฐ, ฮฒ๋Š” ํŒŒ๊ดดํ™•๋ฅ  Pf์— ๋Œ€์‘๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„ ์ ํ‘œ์ค€์ •๊ทœ๋ถ„ํฌ์—์„œ์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋„๋กœ๊ต ์„ค ๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€(2012)์˜ ๊ทนํ•œํ•œ๊ณ„์ƒํƒœ๋Š” ฮฒ=3.7๋กœ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๊ณ„์ƒํƒœ๋Š” ฮฒ=1.3๋กœ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ฮฒ๊ฐ’์ด 1.3 ์ดํ•˜์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 1์ , 3.7 ์ด์ƒ์€ 3์ , ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ด ๋Š” 2์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.2. ์˜ˆ๋น„์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„(PRA) ์ธ์ž

PRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” PRA ์ธ์ž๋ฅผ Table 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ PRA๋ฅผ ํ†ต ํ•ด SRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋จผ์ € ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 1

Vehicle Collision PRA Factor

VP-1 Bridges located above road
VP-2 Pier close to the roadway within 9 m
VP-3 Vehicle Collision Prevention Facility

3.2.1. VP-1 : ํ•˜๋ถ€ ๋„๋กœ ์œ ๋ฌด

์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋Š” ์ถฉ๋Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ต๊ฐ์˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด ์™€ ์ƒ๋ถ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ „๋„๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•˜ ๋ถ€์— ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ SRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.2.2. VP-2 : ๋„๋กœ ๋ถ€๊ทผ 9 m ์ด๋‚ด ๊ต๊ฐ ์œ ๋ฌด

AASHTO LRFD(2012)์—๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ฃผ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฅ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜ ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ต๋Œ€์™€ ๊ต๊ฐ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ๋„๋กœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ๋ถ€ ํ„ฐ 9 m ์ด๋‚ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋งŒ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋„๋กœ ๋ถ€๊ทผ 9 m ์ด๋‚ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ต๊ฐ์ด ์ค‘์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๋„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‹ (4)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค.

(4)
A F H B P = 2 ร— ( A D T T ) ร— ( P H B P ) ร— 365

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, ADTT๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์ผ์ผํŠธ๋Ÿญ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰, PHBP๋Š” ์ค‘์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณผ ๊ต๊ฐ์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด๋‹ค. ADTT๋Š” ํ‰๊ท ์ผ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰(ADT)์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ค‘์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ต๊ฐ๊ณผ ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜๋Š” ํ™•๋ฅ ์€ AASHTO ํ‘œ 3.6.5.1.1์— ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, AASHTO LRFD(2012)์— ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ๊ฐ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋„๋ฉด์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ต๊ฐ์ด ๋„๋กœ์™€ 9 m ์ด๋‚ด์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜ ์—ฌ PRA๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.2.3. VP-3 : ์ถฉ๋Œ๋ฐฉ์ง€์‹œ์„ค ์„ค์น˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€

์ถฉ๋Œ๋ฐฉ์ง€์‹œ์„ค์€ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฃผํ–‰ ์ค‘์— ์ฃผํ–‰์ฐจ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ๋„๋กœ ์ƒ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ๊ณผ์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์‹œ์„ค์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„œ ์ถฉ๋Œ๋ฐฉ์ง€์‹œ์„ค์ด ์„ค์น˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ถฉ๋Œ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ถ•๊ดด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” PRA๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ๊ฐ€ ๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ฐœ์ •๋œ ๋„๋กœ๊ต ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€(2012)์—์„œ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ถฉ ๋Œํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์ƒ์„ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ทœ์ •๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์•„ ๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ถฉ๋Œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜์ค‘์„ ์ ์šฉ์‹œํ‚ฌ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.

  • -์ œ๋ฐฉ

  • -๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 1,370 mm ๋†’์ด์˜ ๋ฐฉํ˜ธ๋ฒฝ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 3,000 mm ์ด๋‚ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ

  • - 1,070 mm ๋†’์ด์˜ ๋ฐฉํ˜ธ๋ฒฝ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 3,000 mm ์ด์ƒ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ถฉ๋Œ๋ฐฉ์ง€์‹œ์„ค์ด ์„ค์น˜๋˜์–ด์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ SRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.3. ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„(SRA)์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ธ์ž

PRA ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์„ ์„ ์ • ํ•˜์—ฌ๋„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€ ๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ธ์ž๋ฅผ ์„ ๋ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.3.1. VO-1 : ํ•˜๋ถ€ ๋„๋กœ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰

์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ํ•˜๋ถ€์—์„œ ๊ต๊ฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ถ•๊ดด์™€ ์ƒ๋ถ€๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ๋กœ์ธํ•œ ์ „๋„๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์Šน์šฉ์ฐจ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ค‘์†Œํ˜•์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ต๊ฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด ๋ฐœ ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ๋„ ๊ต๊ฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋Š” ๋“œ๋ฌผ๋ฉฐ ์ƒ๋ถ€๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€์˜ ์ถฉ ๋Œ์€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๊ตญ์™ธ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋Œ€ํ˜•์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ถฉ ๋Œ๋กœ ๊ต๊ฐ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๋ถ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ถ•๊ดด๋œ๋‹ค(Sharma et al., 2012). ๋„ ๋กœ๊ตํ†ต๊ณต๋‹จ์˜ โ€œ2014 ๊ตํ†ต์‚ฌ๊ณ  ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ถ„์„โ€์—์„œ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋„๋กœ์ข… ๋ฅ˜๋ณ„ ํ™”๋ฌผ์ฐจ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€ ๋‹ค. Table 2์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋“ฏ์ด, ํŠน๋ณ„๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ๋„์—์„œ ํ™”๋ฌผ์ฐจ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑด ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 8,095๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ๋„๊ฐ€ 7,768๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Table 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํŠน๋ณ„๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ๋„, ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ 3์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ตญ๋„, ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋„๋Š” 2์ , ๊ตฐ๋„, ๊ณ ์†๊ตญ๋„, ๊ธฐํƒ€๋Š” 1์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์—ฌ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 2

The number of Truck Accident(ROTA, 2014)

Road type Highway County road Etc. Local road Route City road Metrop olitan road

Accidents 744 1,512 2,266 3,463 3,802 7,768 8,095
Table 3

Vehicle Collision Occurrence factor

VO-1 Road type under the Bridge Highway, County road, Railway, Etc. Route, Local road Metropolitan road, City road
1 point 2 point 3 point

3.4. ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„(SRA)์˜ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ ์ธ์ž

์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์€ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๊ณต์šฉ๋…„์ˆ˜(VV-1)์™€ ์•ˆ์ „๋“ฑ๊ธ‰(VV-2), ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์ค‘(VV-3) ์€ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋ฐ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์ธ ์ง€ํ‘œ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ต๊ฐ ๋‹น ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜(VV-4), ๊ต๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์˜ ์ง€๋ฆ„(VV-5), ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ†ต๊ณผ ๋†’์ด(VV-6), ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ณด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ(VV-7)์€ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์ค€๋ณ„ ์ƒํƒœ๋‚˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ์ธ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌธํ—Œ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณต์šฉ์ค‘์ธ ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ธ์ž๋ณ„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์•ž์—์„œ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„๋ถ„ ๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฐ์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ Table 4์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„๋ณ„ ์ ์ˆ˜ ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ต๊ฐ ํ˜•์‹์€ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ํ˜•์‹์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 4

Vehicle Collision Vulnerability Factor

Name Factor Stratification Methodology Range and Score
1 2 3
VV-1 Bridge Age(year) <10 โ‰ฅ10, <25 โ‰ฅ25
VV-2 Safety Level A B โ‰คC
VV-3 Design Live Load KL-510 DB24 DB18
VV-4 No. of Columns per Pier (EA) NBI โ‰ฅ8 โ‰ฅ3, <8 <3
EI โ‰ฅ2 โ‰ฅ1, <2 1
SDI โ‰ฅ3 โ‰ฅ1, <3 1
RI โ‰ฅ4 โ‰ฅ2, <4 2
VV-5 Min. Pier Column Diameter(m) โ‰ฅ1.6 โ‰ฅ1.2, <1.6 <1.2
VV-6 Bridge Clearance Height(m) โ‰ฅ10 โ‰ฅ5, <10 <5
VV-7 Crossbeam Spacing <3 โ‰ฅ3, <6 โ‰ฅ6

3.4.1. VV-1 : ๊ณต์šฉ๋…„์ˆ˜

๊ต๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์—ฌ ๋…„ ๊ฐ„ ๊ฑด์„ค๋˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์—ดํ™” ํ˜„์ƒ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์˜ํ–ฅ(ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„, ๋ถ€์‹) ํ”ผ๋กœ, ๊ธฐ์ƒ์กฐ๊ฑด ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ธ ์ž๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ด๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค(Kodur, 2013). ๋ณธ ์—ฐ ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์€ ์‹œ์„ค์•ˆ์ „๊ณต๋‹จ์˜ โ€œ์•ˆ์ „์ ๊ฒ€ ๋ฐ ์ •๋ฐ€์•ˆ์ „์ง„๋‹จ ์„ธ๋ถ€์ง€์นจโ€์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋„๊ณต์‚ฌ ์œ ์ง€๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ , A๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์€ 10๋…„ ์ดํ•˜, B๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์€ 11~25๋…„ ์ดํ•˜, C๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์€ 26~40๋…„์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•˜ ์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ณต์šฉ๋…„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.4.2. VV-2 : ์ƒํƒœ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰

๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์€ ์ •๋ฐ€์ ๊ฒ€ ๋ฐ ์ •๋ฐ€์•ˆ์ „์ง„๋‹จ์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ƒํƒœํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ์ด๋‹ค. ์ƒํƒœ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์‹œํ—˜, ์™ธ๊ด€์กฐ์‚ฌ, ๊ตฌ์กฐํ•ด์„ ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์žฌ๋ณ„ ์ƒํƒœํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ต ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์žฌ์˜ ๋‚ดํ•˜๋ ฅ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์šฉ์—ฐ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒํƒœ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์ด ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง€ ๋งŒ, ์œ ์ง€๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •๋„๋‚˜ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ์ •๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰๋ณ„๋กœ ์ƒ์ดํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ƒํƒœ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฑด์ „๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ฒ™๋„์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ A~E ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์‹œ ์„ค์•ˆ์ „๊ณต๋‹จ(2010)์˜ โ€˜์•ˆ์ „์ ๊ฒ€ ๋ฐ ์ •๋ฐ€์•ˆ์ „์ง„๋‹จ ์„ธ๋ถ€์ง€์นจโ€™์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.4.3. VV-3 : ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์ค‘

ํ•˜์ค‘์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ถ€์žฌ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ธ์ž ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์‹œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ™œํ•˜์ค‘ ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์„ค๊ณ„ํ™œํ•˜์ค‘์˜ ํฌ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฒฌ๋”œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋จ์„ ๋œปํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด์— ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ™œํ•˜์ค‘์ด ํด์ˆ˜๋ก ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์— ์„œ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ฐœ์ •๋œ ๋„๋กœ๊ต ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€ (2012)์— ๋„์ž…๋œ KL-510 ํ‘œ์ค€ํŠธ๋Ÿญํ•˜์ค‘์€ ์ด 510 kN์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ „ ๋„๋กœ๊ต ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€(2010)์˜ ํ™œํ•˜์ค‘์€ DB-13.5(432 kN), DB-18 (324 kN), DB-24(243 kN)์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Table 4์™€ ๊ฐ™ ์ด ์„ค๊ณ„ํ™œํ•˜์ค‘์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.4.4. VV-4 : ๊ต๊ฐ ๋‹น ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜

์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ถฉ๋Œ๋กœ ๊ต๊ฐ์ด ์†์ƒ์„ ์ž…๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ƒ๋ถ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ์ฒ˜์ง ๋“ฑ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ ๋‚˜ ๊ต๊ฐ์— ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์ด ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„ํ• ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์œ„ ํ—˜๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.4.5. VV-5 : ๊ต๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์˜ ์ง€๋ฆ„

Sharma et al.(2014)๋Š” RC ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์— ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜์ค‘์„ ์žฌํ•˜ ํ•˜ ์—ฌ, AASHTO LRFD์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๋น„๊ต ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. AASHTO LRFD์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜์ค‘์„ ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ์ „๋‹จ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์†๋„ ๋ฐ ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ์ „๋‹จ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ์š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๊ต๊ฐ์˜ ์„ธ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Lee et al.(2015)์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋Ÿญ๋ชจ๋ธ ์€ 10 ton, 16 ton, 38 ton์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ต๊ฐ์€ ์ง๊ฒฝ 1.2 m, ๋†’์ด 7.1 m์ด๋ฉฐ Fig. 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ต๊ฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ด์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•ด์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ASCE(1997)์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์‘๋‹ต๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒŒ๊ดด์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ 16 ton ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์ด ์ง๊ฒฝ 1,200 mm, ๋†’์ด 7,100 mm ์˜ ๊ต๊ฐ์— ์ถฉ๋Œ ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ถ•๊ดด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฑด์ „์„ฑ์„ ์ €ํ•ดํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€๋ฆ„์ด 1,200 mm ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 3์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ 1,600 mm ์ด์ƒ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 1์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” 2์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 3.

Boundary Condition and Numerical Model(Lee et al., 2015)

JKSMI-20-9_F3.jpg

3.4.6. VV-6 : ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ํ†ต๊ณผ๋†’์ด

์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ตญ์™ธ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ†ต๊ณผ ๋†’์ด๋ณด ๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ํ†ตํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๋ถ€๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ๊ณผ์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค(Sharma et al., 2008). ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์—์„œ์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ์‚ฌ ๊ณ  ์ค‘ 61%๋Š” Over-height trucks์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ๊ต ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ „์ฒด ์ถฉ๋Œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ค‘ 14%์— ํ•ด๋‹น๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์น˜์ด๋‹ค(Xu et al., 2012). ๋˜ํ•œ ์ค‘๊ตญ ๋ฒ ์ด์ง•์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ€๋„๋กœ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์ค‘ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด 50% ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ค‘ ๋Œ€๋žต 20%์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ Over-height ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—์„œ๋„ Over-height ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ๋กœ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์ด ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ๋„๋กœ๊ต ์„ค๊ณ„ ๊ธฐ์ค€(2012)์—์„œ๋Š” ๋„๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ง์—ฌ์œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ 5.0 m ์ด์ƒ ํ™•๋ณดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ†ต๊ณผ ๋†’์ด๋ฅผ 5.0 m์™€ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ 2๋ฐฐ์ธ 10.0 m๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.4.7. VV-7 : ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ณด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ

๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ํ†ต๊ณผ ๋†’์ด ์ธ์ž์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด Over-height ์ฐจ ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ƒ๋ถ€๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌ ํ•œ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ ํ•˜์ค‘์€ ํšก๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒ๋ถ€๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ถ€์žฌ ์ธ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ณด(Cross Beam)๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋‹ดํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜์ค‘์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ณด์˜ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์ด ์ข์„์ˆ˜๋ก ํ•˜์ค‘๋ถ„๋‹ด์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ ์˜ ๋‚ดํ•˜๋ ฅ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋„๋กœ๊ต ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€ (2012)์— ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ค€ํŠธ๋Ÿญํ•˜์ค‘์˜ ํšก๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ํญ์ธ 3 m์™€ 2 ๋ฐฐ์ธ 6 m๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ณด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋ณด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์ด 3 m ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” 2๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ถ€๋‹ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ 6 m ์ด์ƒ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ถฉ ๋Œ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ฃผ๋ถ€์žฌ์ธ ๊ฑฐ๋”๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค.

3.5. ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„(SRA)์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„ ์ธ์ž

๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ Table 5๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰(I-1), ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณต๊ตฌ๋น„์šฉ(I-2), ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ํ•˜๋ถ€ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰(I-3), ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์ž์‚ฐ๊ฐ€์น˜(I-4), ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์œ„์น˜(I-5) ๋“ฑ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€ ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.

Table 5

Vehicle Collision Importance factor

Name Factor Interval Range and Score
1 2 3
I-1 Traffic Volume (ร— 103) NBI < 38 โ‰ฅ 38, < 156 โ‰ฅ 156
EI < 11 โ‰ฅ 11, < 26 โ‰ฅ 26
SDI < 28 โ‰ฅ 28, < 108 โ‰ฅ 108
RI < 80 โ‰ฅ 80, < 176 โ‰ฅ 176
I-2 Recovery Cost (m2/span) NBI < 420 โ‰ฅ 420, < 830 โ‰ฅ 830
EI < 280 โ‰ฅ 280, < 460 โ‰ฅ 460
SDI < 410 โ‰ฅ 410, < 900 โ‰ฅ 900
RI < 730 โ‰ฅ 730, < 1,320 โ‰ฅ 1,320
I-3 Facilities Under the Bridge No facilities Road Bridge or Railway
I-4 Bridge Asset (million Won/m2) NBI < 1.4 โ‰ฅ 1.4, < 3.4 โ‰ฅ 3.4
EI < 1.2 โ‰ฅ 1.2, < 1.6 โ‰ฅ 1.6
SDI < 1.5 โ‰ฅ 1.5, < 2.4 โ‰ฅ 2.4
RI < 2.1 โ‰ฅ 2.1, < 3.2 โ‰ฅ 3.2
I-5 Location of Bridge - - -

3.5.1. I-1 : ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰

๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰์€ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ์„œ ์—ฐํ‰๊ท  ์ผ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰(Annual Average Daily Traffic, AADT)์œผ ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค(Kodur, 2013). AADT๋Š” ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์‹œ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜๋ฉฐ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰์— ๋น„๋ก€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ตญ ๋‚ด์˜ ๊ฐ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰๋ณ„ AADT๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ AADT๋ฅผ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.5.2. I-2 : ๋ณต๊ตฌ๋น„์šฉ

๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋งŽ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋‹จ์œ„ ๊ธธ์ด ๋‹น ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํญ์€ ๋„“์–ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ๋„๋กœ๊ณต์‚ฌ(2013)๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณต๊ตฌ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์‹œ๊ณต์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅํŒ์˜ ๋ฉด์ ์ด ํด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ์žฌ ์‹œ๊ณต ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ปค์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์†์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ถ• ๊ดด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์„ ์‹œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ณต๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌ๊ฐœํ†ต์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„ ์š”ํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” โ€˜๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅํŒ์˜ ์ „์ฒด ๋ฉด์  / ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ„์ˆ˜โ€™๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ ํ›„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๊ฐ’๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜ ์—ฌ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.5.3. I-3 : ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ํ•˜๋ถ€๋“ฑ๊ธ‰

๊ต๋Ÿ‰์ด ์†์ƒ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ํ•˜๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตํ†ต ์€ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ง€์ ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ‰์†Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง€์ฒด๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ต ๋Ÿ‰ ํ•˜๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋ฐ ๊ตญ๋„๋ผ๋ฉด ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋น„์šฉ์€ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ 2007๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜คํด๋žœ๋“œ์˜ I-80-880 Interchange์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์†”๋ฆฐ ํƒฑํฌ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ „๋ณต์œผ๋กœ ํ™”์žฌ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋กœ ํ†ตํ–‰์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹น๊ตญ์˜ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์‘์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณต๊ตฌ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ตํ†ต ํ†ต ํ–‰๋ฃŒ ์ œ๊ณต ๋“ฑ 9000๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ์†์‹ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค (Kodur, 2010). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ํ•˜๋ถ€์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์ธ์ž๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ต ๋Ÿ‰ ํ•˜๋ถ€๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.5.4. I-4 : ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ์ž์‚ฐ ๊ฐ€์น˜

๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์†์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ถ•๊ดด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์„ ์‹œ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ต ํ•ด ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด ์‹œ ํ”ผํ•ด ์•ก์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ž์‚ฐ๊ฐ€ ์น˜๋Š” ์œ ์ง€๊ด€๋ฆฌ(Maintenance), ๊ฐœ๋ณด์ˆ˜(Repair, Rehabilitation), ์šด์˜ (Operation) ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ก์„ ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ž์‚ฐ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

4. ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์‚ฌ๋ก€

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์†์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ถ•๊ดด ์ •๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ๊ฒฐ์ • ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ตญ์™ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผํ•˜๋‚˜ ๊ตญ์™ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•ž์—์„œ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ ์ธ์ž๋“ค์„ ์„ ๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด ํฌํ•จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜ ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ฐจํ›„ ๊ฐ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋Š” 2๊ฑด ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ Table 7์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ†ต๊ณผ ๋†’์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ†ต๊ณผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ก€์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰(Damage Level)๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ Table 7๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์€ Table 6๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

Table 6

Vehicle collision Damage level

Low Damage(DL) Secondary member damaged, minor repair is required
Moderate Damage(DM) Primary member damaged, repair or rehabilitation is required
High Damage(DH) Bridge failure, reconstruction is required
Table 7

Vehicle collision case in Korea

Bridge Structure Type Event Data Cause of Accident Damage Damage Level
Geoncheon IC Overpass STB 2013. 02. Over-height vehicle passed under the bridge Steel box was scratched, Stringer failure, Pier barricade failure DM
Gamcheon Bridge PSCI 2004. 08. Steel Transporting Vehicle impacted the bridge One PC Beam damage, Crossbeam failure DM

5. ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์žฌ๋‚œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜

๋ณธ ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹ค์ œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์™€ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ˆ˜์ค€ ์„ ๋น„๊ต ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ํ•œ ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ• ๋˜๋Š” ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋กœ ์‹œ๊ณต๋œ ์ค‘์†Œ์ง€๊ฐ„ ์˜ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰, ํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๊ต๋Ÿ‰, ๋ณต์ธต ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ๋“ฑ์€ ๋ถ„์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ ๋ฉฐ ํ•œ๊ตญ๋„๋กœ๊ณต์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ค‘์ธ ์ด 8,425๊ฐœ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

5.1. ์˜ˆ๋น„์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„(PRA) ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ด 8,425๊ฐœ์†Œ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์˜ˆ๋น„์œ„ ํ—˜๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ•˜๋ถ€ ๋„๋กœ ์œ ๋ฌด์™€ ๋„๋กœ ๋ถ€๊ทผ 9 m์ด๋‚ด ๊ต๊ฐ ์œ ๋ฌด ์—์„œ ๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์€ 7,893๊ฐœ์†Œ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ SRA๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์€ 532๊ฐœ์†Œ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„œ 532๊ฐœ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„(SRA)๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

5.2. ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„(SRA) ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ„์„๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ํš๋“ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ(Occurrence), ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ(Vulnerability), ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„(Importance)์˜ ์ธ์ž๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ 4 ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰, ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰, ์ค‘์š”๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” Figs. 4~6์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.Fig. 5.

Fig. 4.

Vehicle-Bridge Collision Occurrence Level

JKSMI-20-9_F4.jpg
Fig. 5.

Vehicle-Bridge Collision Vulnerability Level

JKSMI-20-9_F5.jpg
Fig. 6.

Vehicle-Bridge Collision Importance Level

JKSMI-20-9_F6.jpg

๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰, ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰, ์ค‘์š”๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์ธ OH(High Occurrence), VH(High Vulnerability), IH(High Importance)์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์ด ํฌํ•จ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋ฒ•์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ์€ ๊ฐœ์†Œ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์˜ ๋ชฉ์  ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์„ ํƒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

5.3. ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ฒฐ์ •

์•ž์—์„œ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ์ทจ์•ฝ ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ๊ฒฐ์ • ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ 3 ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ •๊ทœํ™”ํ•œ ํ›„ ํ•ฉ์‚ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚˜์˜จ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด Low Risk(RL), Moderate Risk(RM), High Risk(RH)๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ Fig. 7๊ณผ ๊ฐ™ ์ด ์ตœ์ข… ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. SRA๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ 532๊ฐœ์†Œ ๊ต ๋Ÿ‰ ์ค‘์— 279๊ฐœ์†Œ์˜ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์— ํฌํ•จ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์œ„ํ—˜๊ตฐ์ธ RH๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ž ์—ฐ์  ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 86๊ฐœ์†Œ, ๋“ฑ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ๋ฒ•์€ 91๊ฐœ์†Œ, ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ๋ฒ• ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 7๊ฐœ์†Œ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” RH๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

Fig. 7.

Vehicle-Bridge Collision Risk Level

JKSMI-20-9_F7.jpg

5.4. ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๋น„๊ต

Table 8์— ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ• ๋ณ„ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ฑด์ฒœIC ์œก๊ต ์™€ ๊ฐ์ฒœ๊ต์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ œ ํ”ผํ•ด ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ (Damage Level)๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Table 8์˜ L-M์€ RL๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ณผ RM๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ ์ˆ˜์ด๋ฉฐ M-H๋Š” RM๋“ฑ๊ธ‰๊ณผ RH๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ ์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค. ์ถฉ๋Œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 2๊ฐ€์ง€์— ๋Œ€ ํ•ด์„œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์‹ค์ œ ์†์ƒ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋‘ Damage Level์€ DM์œผ๋กœ RM๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์ž์—ฐ ์  ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋ฒ•๊ณผ ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๊ฐ™์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋Š” ๊ฑด์ฒœ IC ์œก๊ต๊ฐ€ RM๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ์‚ฌ๋ก€์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ œํ•œ์ ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํ™•๋ณดํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข€ ๋” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„ ์›€์ด ๋˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋œ๋‹ค.

Table 8

Comparisons of Damage Level and Risk Level

Bridge Damage Level NBI EI SDI RI

Geoncheon IC Overpass DM RM RM RM RL
Gamcheon Bridge DM RM RH RM RL

6. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ถฉ๋Œ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰๋ถ•๊ดด ์œ„ํ—˜๊ตฐ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ณผ ์ •์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฌ๋‹(screening) ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ธ PRA์™€ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๊ธฐ ์—ฌ์ธ์ž๋ณ„ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” SRA์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์žฅ๋‹จ ์ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐœ ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ(Occurrence), ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ(Vulnerability), ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„ (Importance) ์ธ์ž๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜ ๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„์˜ ์ •์˜๋Š” NBI, EI, SDI, RI์˜ ์ด ๋„ค ๊ฐ€ ์ง€ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธ ์ž๋ณ„ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌ ๋ฐ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ํ•ฉ์‚ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœ ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์‚ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚˜์˜จ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜์— ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ ๊ธ‰๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ’ ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ œ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์™€ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ž์—ฐ์  ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋ฒ•๊ณผ ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ๋ฒ•์€ 2๊ฐœ์†Œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํ™•๋ณดํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข€ ๋” ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธ€

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ๋„๋กœ๊ณต์‚ฌ ๋„๋กœ๊ตํ†ต์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜ ํ–‰๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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