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Mobile QR Code QR CODE : The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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  1. (Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Pusan National University, Korea)
  2. (School of Engineering, Newcastle University, United Kingdom)



DC magnetization, driving frequency, eddy current testing, magnetic permeability, non-destructive testing

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์ •์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์›์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ฐฐ๊ด€๋ง์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ˆ˜์†ก๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ์ด ๊ธธ์ด๋Š” ์ ์  ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€๋ง์˜ ์•ˆ์ „ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๋„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์€ ์„ค์น˜ ์ดํ›„ ๋…ธํ›„ํ™”๋˜์–ด ๋ถ€์‹, ๊ท ์—ด๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๋ฐฉ์น˜ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์› ์†์‹ค๊ณผ ์ธ๋ช…ํ”ผํ•ด๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ๋น„ํŒŒ๊ดด ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค[1].

๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ง€ํ•˜์— ๋งค์„ค๋˜์–ด์žˆ์–ด ๊ฒฐํ•จ ํƒ์ง€ ๋ฐ ์ถ”์ ์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ๋กœ๋ด‡์ธ PIG(Pipe Inspection Gauge)๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ํƒ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ILI(In-Line Inspection)์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[2]. PIG๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์— ์‚ฝ์ž…๋œ ์ดํ›„ ๊ฐ€์Šค์••์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์žฅ์ฐฉ๋œ ์ „์ž๊ธฐ ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ILI์— ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ•จ ํƒ์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ๋ˆ„์„คํƒ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• (Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing, MFL)๊ณผ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ํƒ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• (Eddy Current Testing, ECT)์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.

MFL์€ ์ „์ž์„ ๋˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตฌ์ž์„์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ•์ž์„ฑ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์— ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ DC ์ž๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํฌํ™”์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„ ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ˆ„์„ค ์ž๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค[3]. MFL์€ ๋…ธ์ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ  ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ILI์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ MFL์€ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ํ˜•์ƒ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž๊ธฐ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด ์‹ ํ˜ธ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ณ  ํŒŒํ˜•์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๊นŠ์ด ์ถ”์ • ์˜ค์ฐจ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๊ฑด์ „์„ฑ ํŒ๋‹จ์— ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚จ๋‹ค.

๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ECT๋Š” ์ฝ”์ผ์— ๊ต๋ฅ˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์— ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ž์† ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ํƒ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋‹ค[4]. ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ฝ”์ผ ์‡„๊ต ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ECT๋Š” ์„ผ์„œ์™€ ๋งž๋‹ฟ์€ ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋†’์€ ๊ฒ€์ถœ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‚˜, ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ์นจํˆฌ ๊นŠ์ด์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์„ผ์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ์ธก์˜ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์€ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์€ ๊ฐ•์ž์„ฑ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ์–ด ํ‘œํ”ผ๋‘๊ป˜๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ ์–‡์•„์ ธ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ํƒ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค.

๋‘ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Magnetic-Eddy Current Testing(MEC)๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” MFL๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ž์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด DC ์ž๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ํ›„ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ํƒ์ƒ์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ํƒ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‹ค. DC ์ž๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ž์† ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์ข์•„์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž์œจ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ํƒ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค[4-6].

MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ํƒ์ง€ํ•  ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ์„œ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์„ผ์„œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์œ„์ƒ๋„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์„ ์ •์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์— DC ์ž๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ํฌ๋ž™ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜[7], ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚ด/์™ธ๋ฒฝ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ตœ์ ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค[8].

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋ฐ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์›๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์„ ์ •์— ๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฐ ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ํˆฌ์ž์œจ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฐ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ชจ์‹๋„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์ฝ”์ผ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๋‚ด ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฃจํ”„๋ฅผ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํšŒ๋กœ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ •์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฐ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œํ•ด์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํšŒ๋กœ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋‘ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์„ ์ •์— ๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ดํ›„ ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ๊ฐ€๊ณต๋œ ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ์‹œํŽธ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ทจ๋“๋œ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์œ„์ƒ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋ฐ ํŒ๋ณ„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์œ„์ƒ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์„ ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ณผ ๋ณธ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ๋ณธ ๋ก 

2.1 MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์›๋ฆฌ

MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋ชจ์‹๋„๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์— DC magnetizer๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ทน์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์— ์ฝ”์ผ์ด ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์—๋Š” DC ์ž๊ณ„ (DC-field)์™€ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์ฝ”์ผ (Detection coil)์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” AC ์ž๊ณ„ (AC-field)๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ธ๊ฐ€๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์ฝ”์ผ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. B-H Curve์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์€ DC ์ž๊ณ„์— ์˜ํ•œ ์˜คํ”„์…‹๊ณผ AC ์ž๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋‹ค. AC ์ž๊ณ„์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์€ ์ฆ๋ถ„ ํˆฌ์ž์œจ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ฆ๋ถ„ ํˆฌ์ž์œจ์ด ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์ด๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1. MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ

Fig. 1. The schematic of MEC inspection system

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/fig1.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2. MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์‹œ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ์  ๋™์ž‘ ํŠน์„ฑ

Fig. 2. Magnetic behavior of the pipe in MEC inspection

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/fig2.png

๋ฐฐ๊ด€์— ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์žฅ์น˜ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€์˜ ์ฝ”์ผ์€ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํ˜•์ƒ, ์žฌ์งˆ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฌผ์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ํƒ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์›๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ดํ•˜๋‹ค.

์„ผ์„œ์™€ ๋งž๋‹ฟ์€ ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ์— ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์„ผ์„œ์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, crack์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์— ๋ณ€๋™์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ด๋‹ค. ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ฝ”์ผ์— ์‡„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์†์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ฝ”์ผ ์ „์•• ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ชจ์‹๋„๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3(b)์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ฝ”์ผ ํ•˜๋ถ€ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์‡„๊ต ์ž์†์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ์„ผ์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ์ธก์˜ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ DC ์ž์†์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์ข์•„์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๋ถ€์œ„์— ํฌํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ, ํˆฌ์ž์œจ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ํˆฌ์ž์œจ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋Š” ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ์นจํˆฌ ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์ฝ”์ผ์€ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ชจ์‹๋„๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3(c)์—, ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ์ž์† ๋ถ„ํฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ์žํ™” ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ B-H curve๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3. ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ชจ์‹๋„, (a) ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ, (b) ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ, (c) ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ

Fig. 3. Eddy current perturbation in pipe due to (a) no defect, (b) inner defect, (c) outer defect

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/fig3.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4. ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ์ž์† ๋ถ„ํฌ

Fig. 4. Magnetic flux distribution in the pipe due to outer defect

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/fig4.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5. ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ์ž๊ธฐํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ชจ์‹๋„

Fig. 5. schematic of Changes in magnetic properties of pipe due to outer defect

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/fig5.png

2.2 ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ํŒ๋ณ„ ์›๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์„ ์ •

๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์œ„์น˜์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ•จ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ๊นŠ์ด ์ถ”์ •์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๊ฑด์ „์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ํŒ๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ณ„ ๋ฐ MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” MEC ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์ฝ”์ผ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๋‚ด ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฃจํ”„๋ฅผ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํšŒ๋กœ๋กœ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฝ”์ผ ์ธก ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•ญ ๋ฐ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ํŒ๋ณ„ ์›๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ํŒ๋ณ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์„ ์ •์— ๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ฝ”์ผ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๋‚ด ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฃจํ”„์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์‹ (1)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ „์•• ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

(1)
$\begin{align*} \left[\begin{aligned}V_{1}\\0\end{aligned}\right]=\begin{bmatrix}R_{1}+j\omega L_{2}&-j\omega k\sqrt{L_{1}L_{2}}\\-j\omega k\sqrt{L_{1}L_{2}}&R_{2}+j\omega L_{2}\end{bmatrix}\left[\begin{aligned}I_{1}\\I_{2}\end{aligned}\right] \end{align*}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ $R_{1}$์€ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ๊ถŒ์„  ์ €ํ•ญ, $L_{1}$์€ ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค, $R_{2}$๋Š” ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฃจํ”„์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•ญ, $L_{2}$๋Š” ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฃจํ”„์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, $k$๋Š” ๋‘ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๊ณ„์ˆ˜, $\omega$๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ๊ฐ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹ (1)์˜ ์ „์••๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ”์ผ ์ธก์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณธ ํšŒ๋กœ์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•ญ์™€ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค ๋Š” (2), (3)์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(2)
$R_{eq}=R_{1}+\dfrac{\omega^{2}k^{2}L_{1}L_{2}}{R_{2}^{2}+\omega^{2}L_{2}^{2}}R_{2}$
(3)
$L_{eq}=L_{1}-\dfrac{\omega^{2}k^{2}L_{1}L_{2}}{R_{2}^{2}+\omega^{2}L_{2}^{2}}L_{2}$

์‹ (1), (2), (3)์—์„œ $L_{1}$์€ MEC ์ฝ”์ผ์— ์‡„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์†์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ์žํ™” ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”์ผ์ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ค‘์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ $L_{1}^{0}$๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์ฝ”์ผ ์ธก์—์„œ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ํˆฌ์ž์œจ์„ $\mu_{re}$๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด $L_{1}$์€ (4)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ํˆฌ์ž์œจ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๊ด€๊ณผ ์ฝ”์ผ ๊ฐ„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค.

(4)
$L_{1}=\mu_{re}L_{1}^{0}$

๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ์™€ ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๋‚ด ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•ญ ๋ฐ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”์ผ ์ „๋ฅ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋กœ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋Š” ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ์นจํˆฌ ๊นŠ์ด์— ๋ฐ˜๋น„๋ก€ํ•˜์—ฌ (5)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋Š” ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฃจํ”„์˜ ๊ธธ์ด, ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๋‚ด ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋น„์ด๋‹ค.

(5)
$R_{2}=\dfrac{1}{\sigma_{p ipe}}\times\dfrac{l_{2}}{\delta_{p ipe}w_{2}}=\dfrac{l_{2}}{w_{2}}\sqrt{\dfrac{\pi f\mu_{0}\mu_{rp}}{\sigma_{p ipe}}}$

๊ฐ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ํšŒ๋กœ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ํŒ๋ณ„ ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์€ ํฌํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ํˆฌ์ž์œจ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œ, ์ฆ‰ $\mu_{re}$๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด $L_{1}$๊ณผ $R_{2}$๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ $R_{eq}$์™€ $L_{eq}$๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ฝ”์ผ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ $L_{1}$์™€ $R_{2}$๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œ, ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธํ•ด $k$๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ $R_{eq}$๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‚˜, $L_{eq}$๋Š” ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์—์„œ $L_{eq}$์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์—์„œ๋Š” $L_{eq}$๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œ, ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์—์„œ๋Š” $L_{eq}$๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

๊ฐ•์ž์„ฑ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ์žํ™”์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ ์ฝ”์ผ ์ธก์—์„œ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ์ฝ”์ผ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์žํ™”์™€ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋•Œ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๋” ํฌ๋ฉด ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ผ์ • ์ˆ˜์ค€ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘์–ด ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž์† ์ƒ์‡„ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์žํ™”์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž์† ์ง‘์ค‘ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

2.3 ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œํ•ด์„ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

๊ฒ€์ถœ ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฐ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ ํ•ด์„์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ์˜ ์ฝ”์ผ ์ธก์—์„œ ๋ณธ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•ญ ๋ฐ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ํ‘œ 1์— ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜, ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฝ”์ผ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•ญ ๋ฐ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6, 7์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ, ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ฝ”์ผ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•ญ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•ญ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ, ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ฝ”์ผ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์ด๋‹ค. 10 kHz ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ, 15 kHz ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€, ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, 15 kHz ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์—์„œ ์ฝ”์ผ ์ธก ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋‘๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์ง„๋‹ค.

๋˜, ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ปค์ง€๊ณ , ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋Š” ์ž‘์•„์ง„๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ฆ‰, ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ปค์ง€๊ณ , ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ž‘์•„์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 1 ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œํ•ด์„ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด

Table 1 FEA Simulation Setup

ํ•ญ๋ชฉ

๊ฐ’

๋‹จ์œ„

์ฝ”์ผ ํฌ๊ธฐ

24 ร— 8

mm

๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜

1 - 30

kHz

์ „๋ฅ˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ

10

mA

๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ์žฌ์งˆ

X42

๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๋‘๊ป˜

11.9

mm

๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ์ธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ณ„

18,000

A/m

(๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ) ๊ฒฐํ•จ ํฌ๊ธฐ

23.8 ร— 5.95

mm

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6. ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ฝ”์ผ ์ธก ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•ญ ๋ณ€ํ™”

Fig. 6. Perturbation of the coil equivalent resistance in MEC due to (inner, outer) defects

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/fig6.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7. ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ฝ”์ผ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค ๋ณ€ํ™”

Fig. 7. Perturbation of the coil equivalent inductance in MEC due to (inner, outer) defects

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/fig7.png

๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๋น„ํŒŒ๊ดด ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ๊นŠ์ด ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‘ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋†’์ง€๋„, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚ฎ์ง€๋„ ์•Š์€ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

2.4 ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฒ€์ฆ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์‹คํ—˜์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์žฌ์งˆ์ด X65, ๋‘๊ป˜ 11.9 mm์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์„ 10๋“ฑ๋ถ„ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ์ƒˆ๊ธด ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์„ MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์Šค์บ”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์ธก์ • ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋œ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์€ ์ง๊ฒฝ 23.8 mm, ๊นŠ์ด 5.95 mm์˜ ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ, ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด๋‹ค.

์ „์ž์„ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„คํƒ€์ด์ €๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์— ํฌํ™” ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ DC ์ž๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์ค‘์•™ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์†ก์‹  ์ฝ”์ผ(drive coil)์ด ๊ต๋ฅ˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ์†ก์‹  ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ์˜†์— ์ˆ˜์‹  ์ฝ”์ผ(pickup coil)์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์™€์ „๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž์† ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ฝ”์ผ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์œ„์ƒ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ Lock-in Amplifier๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Lock-in Amplifier๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ž„์˜๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ , ์ธก์ •๋œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์‹ ํ˜ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋™์œ„์ƒ, ์ง๊ต์œ„์ƒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•œ๋‹ค. Lock-in Amplifier์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ธ ๋™์œ„์ƒ, ์ง๊ต์œ„์ƒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์œ„์ƒ์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. Lock-in Amplifier์˜ ์ „์•• ์ด๋“์„ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋™์œ„์ƒ, ์ง๊ต ์œ„์ƒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„์ƒ์˜ ๋ณ€์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ MEC ์‹คํ—˜ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 8, ์‹คํ—˜์˜ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ํ‘œ 2์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 5 kHz์ผ ๋•Œ์™€ 20 kHz, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  100 kHz ์ผ ๋•Œ์˜ ๋™์œ„์ƒ, ์ง๊ต์œ„์ƒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 11(a), (b), (c)์— ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ผ์ชฝ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ, ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋Š” ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋™์œ„์ƒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋ณ€๋™ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ƒ์ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋™์œ„์ƒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ์ค‘์•™๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์œ„์ƒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋™์œ„์ƒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜์‹  ์ฝ”์ผ์— ์œ ๋„๋˜๋Š” ์ „์•• ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— noise์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํฐ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 5 kHz, 20 kHz, 100 kHz ์ผ ๋•Œ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์œ„์ƒ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 10์— ๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ์ฃผ ๊ณก์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ์—†์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ์ „์•• ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์›์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ถ•์€ ๋™์œ„์ƒ, ์„ธ๋กœ์ถ•์€ ์ง๊ต์œ„์ƒ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 5 kHz์ผ ๋•Œ๋Š” peak์—์„œ์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ 30ยฐ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‘ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์•ž์—์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 5 kHz ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, 20 kHz ์ด์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ 90ยฐ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. peak ์ง€์ ์—์„œ์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์ด 90ยฐ ์ •๋„ ์ฐจ์ด๋‚˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ 20 kHz ๋‚ด์™ธ์˜ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 8. MEC ๋ชจ์˜๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ์‹คํ—˜ ์žฅ์น˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

Fig. 8. MEC experiment testing device composition

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/fig8.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 9. ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ๋ณ„ ๋™์œ„์ƒ, ์ง๊ต์œ„์ƒ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์‹ ํ˜ธ. (a) 5 kHz, (b) 20 kHz, (c) 100 kHz

Fig. 9. In-phase and quad-phase defect signal in each operating frequency. (a) 5 kHz, (b) 20 kHz, (c) 100 kHz

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/fig9.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 10. ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ๋ณ„ ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ์ฃผ ๊ณก์„ . (a) 5 kHz, (b) 20 kHz, (c) 100 kHz

Fig. 10. Lissajous curve of (inner, outer) defect signals for each operating frequency. (a) 5 kHz, (b) 20 kHz, (c) 100 kHz

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/fig10-1.png../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/fig10-2.png

ํ‘œ 2 MEC ๋ชจ์˜๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ์‹คํ—˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด

Table 2 Specification of MEC Experiment

ํ•ญ๋ชฉ

๊ฐ’

๋‹จ์œ„

์ฝ”์ผ ํฌ๊ธฐ

24 ร— 8

mm

์ „๋ฅ˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ

10

mA

๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜

5, 20, 30, 100

kHz

AC gain

32, 20, 17, 10

dB

๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ์žฌ์งˆ

X65

๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๋‘๊ป˜

11.9

mm

๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ์ธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ณ„

16,000

A/m

(๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ) ๊ฒฐํ•จ ํฌ๊ธฐ

23.8 ร— 5.95

mm

3. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฐ•์ž์„ฑ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ํŒ๋ณ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์„ ์ •์— ๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ผ์„œ์™€ ๋งž๋‹ฟ์€ ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ๊ณผ ์„ผ์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ์ธก์˜ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฝ”์ผ ์ธก์—์„œ ๋ณธ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ์™ธ๋ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋™์ž‘ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ผ์ • ์ˆ˜์ค€ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

MEC ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ILI์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ํฌ๊ธฐ ์ถ”์ •, ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋ณด์ • ๋“ฑ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณด์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋งˆ๋ จ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, PIG๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ILI์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์†๋„ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ โ€“ ์„ผ์„œ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ํ†ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ณด์ • ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ถ”ํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (RSโ€“2022-00154902, Development of real time monitoring sensor for gas pipe) funded By the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy(MOTIE, Korea)

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Z. Deng, Z. Yuan, J. Tu, L. Chen, X. Song, and Y. Kang, โ€œA Thickness Reduction Detection Method Based on Magnetic Permeability Perturbation Under DC Magnetization for Ferromagnetic Components,โ€ IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 71, pp. 1-13, 2022.DOI
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์ €์ž์†Œ๊ฐœ

์ฑ„์Šน์•ˆ(Senug Ahn Chae)
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He received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea, in 2023, where he is currently working toward M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering. His research interests are electric machine design and non-destructive testing.

์†ก๋ฏผ์Šน(Min Seung Song)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/au2.png

He received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea, in 2023, where he is currently working toward M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering. His research interests are wireless power transfer and non-destructive testing.

์—„๋Œ€์šฉ(Dae Yong Um)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/au3.png

He received the B.S., M.Sc., and Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea, in 2017, 2019, and 2023, respectively. He is currently a research associate working at electric power group, Newcastle University, United Kingdom. His research interests include numerical modeling and analysis of electromagnetic fields for electric machines, non-destructive testing, and wireless power transfer.

๋ฐ•๊ด€์ˆ˜(Gwan Soo Park)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.3.531/au4.png

He received M.Sc. and Ph.D degree in electrical engineering from Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, in 1987 and 1992, respectively. He worked at Carnegie Mellon University as a visiting scholar from 1997 to 1999, and worked at Massachusetts Institute of Technology as a visiting scientist from 2008 to 2009. Since 2003, he has been a Professor of the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Pusan National University. His research interests include numerical modeling and analysis of electromagnetic fields for electric machines, non destructive testing, military and medical applications. Specifically, he has focused on numerical modeling of magnetic nonlinearity and applied the theory and research to various projects collaborated with the military and government institutions. Based on fulfilled researches and projects, he has published over 50 scientific papers in international journals