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Active and reactive power, Induction motor, Power compensation, Power factor, Reactor starting

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ํŽŒํ”„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํšŒ์ „ ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ตฌ๋™๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์œ ์ง€๋ณด์ˆ˜์˜ ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•จ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค[1-10]. ์ƒํ•˜์ˆ˜๋„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํŽŒํ”„ ์„ค๋น„๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ํฌ๊ณ , ์ด์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๋„ ๋˜ํ•œ ํฐ ํŽธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„๋‚˜ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๋„ ์‹œ์„ค ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜ํŽŒํ”„์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์„ค์น˜์˜ ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•จ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์œ ์ง€๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ใŽพ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ •๋„๋กœ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „์••๊ฐ•ํ•˜ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ €์••๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” 3.3ใŽธ๋‚˜ 6.6ใŽธ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณ ์••์˜ ์ „์›์„ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.

์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋†’์€ ์ „๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ „์••๊ฐ•ํ•˜์™€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๋‹ค[5-10]. ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋†’์€ ๊ธฐ๋™์ „๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ „์••๊ฐ•ํ•˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „๋™๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ Y-โ–ณ, ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ, ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ ์Šคํƒ€ํ„ฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ [4-9], ๋‚ฎ์€ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์„ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ „๋™๊ธฐ ๋‹จ์ž์— ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[1, 10, 11].

๊ณ ์•• ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋†’์€ ์ „๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ „์••์˜ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋กœ ํ† ํฌ์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•จ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธฐ๋™๋ฒ•์€ ํƒญ์˜ ์„ค์ •๊ฐ’์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ† ํฌ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ , ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์†Œ์š”๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์†์‘์„ฑ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[5-10]. ํŽŒํ”„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ค๋น„๋Š” ๊ด€์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ปค์„œ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฝค ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค[5, 6, 8].

์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•ด์„œ ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ „๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํฐ ํŽธ์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์ด ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋†’์•„ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€์ง€๋งŒ, ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ์ ์ฐจ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์ด ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ปค์ ธ์„œ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์€ ์ ์ฐจ ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค[1, 2, 4]. ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธธ์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์—ญ๋ฅ ๋กœ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋” ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค[5, 7, 8].

์ƒํ•˜์ˆ˜๋„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํŽŒํ”„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์–‘์ •๊ณผ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ €์†์œผ๋กœ ํšŒ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ค๋น„๋Š” ์ „๋™๊ธฐ ๊ทน์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์ง€๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์˜ ๋น„์ค‘์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์ ์€ ๊ทน์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์—ญ๋ฅ ์ด ๋” ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์„ ๋ณด์ƒํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค[10,12].

์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ง€์ƒ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋กœ ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์ „๋ ฅํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญ๋ฅ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ์—ญ๋ฅ ๊ณผ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ์šฉ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[10-13]. ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ์šฉ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ๋‹จ์ž์— ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์™€ ์ง„๊ณต ์ ‘์ด‰์ž(VC)๊ฐ€ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ํšŒ๋กœ์—์„œ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™๋ฒ•์—์„œ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ํฌ์ธํŠธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ์ „์••, ์ „๋ฅ˜, ์ „๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๊ณ  ์—ญ๋ฅ ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๋™๊ณผ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜

2.1 ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™๊ณผ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ

์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋†’์€ ๊ธฐ๋™์ „๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ „์••๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ „๋™๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Y-โ–ณ ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋“ฑ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[5-10]. ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ๊ณ ์•• ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™๋ฒ•์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1์€ ์ˆ˜์ „์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํŠน๊ณ ์••์„ ๊ณ ์••์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์„ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ณ„ํ†ต๋„์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1์—์„œ ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์žํ™”์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ(SC)๋Š” ์ง๋ ฌ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ(SR)์™€ ๋ฐฉ์ „ ์ฝ”์ผ(DC)์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์ง„๊ณต ์ ‘์ด‰์ž(VC)์˜ ์ „๋‹จ์— ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ์ง„๊ณต ์ ‘์ด‰์ž์˜ ํ›„๋‹จ์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค[6,14]. ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ์— ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ง๋ ฌ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ์˜ 6%์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋œ๋‹ค[5, 6, 8, 9, 14, 15].

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1. ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์—์„œ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ ๋ถ€์ฐฉ ์œ„์น˜[15]

Fig. 1. Capacitor attachment location in reactor starting method

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.12.2224/fig1.png

๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ํƒญ ์„ค์ •์€ 3๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์„ค์ •๊ฐ’์€ 50%, 65%, 80%๋กœ ์ด์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒญ์˜ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์‚ฐ์ถœ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์šฐ์„  ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ํƒญ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜($I_{tap}$)๋Š” ์‹ (1)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ ๋ช…ํŒ์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ์ •๊ฒฉ์ „๋ฅ˜($I_{n}$)์™€ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ํƒญ์˜ ๋น„์œจ($\alpha%$)๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋™์ „๋ฅ˜($I_{st}$)๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค[5,6]. ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋™์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๋ช…ํŒ์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ๊ฐ’์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋œ๋‹ค.

(1)
$I_{tap}=\dfrac{\% \alpha}{100}\times I_{st}$

๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ํƒญ ์ „์••($V_{tap}$)์€ ์‹ (2)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์ •๊ฒฉ์ „์••($V_{n}$)๊ณผ ํƒญ์˜ ์„ค์ •์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๋œ๋‹ค[6,8].

(2)
$V_{tap}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\times V_{n}\times(100-\% \alpha)$

ํƒญ์˜ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” ์‹ (3)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํƒญ์˜ ์ „์••๊ณผ ํƒญ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค[6. 8].

(3)
$Z_{tap}=\dfrac{V_{tap}}{I_{tap}}[ฮฉ]$

2.2 ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํ† ํฌ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹

์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ํฐ ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํšŒ์ „์ž๋Š” ์‹ฌ๊ตฌํ˜•(deep-bar) ํ˜•์ƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2๋Š” ๋ณธ ํ•ด์„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ตฌํ˜• ๋†ํ˜• ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ํšŒ๋กœ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค[12]. ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์— ์ „์••์„ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ณ ์ •์ž์— ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜($I_{s}$)๋Š” ํ† ํฌ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํšŒ์ „์ž ์ „๋ฅ˜($I_{r}$)์™€ ์ž๊ณ„ ํ˜•์„ฑ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์žํ™”์ „๋ฅ˜($I_{m}$)์˜ ํ•ฉ์ด๋‹ค[6, 12, 14, , 15].

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2. ์‹ฌ๊ตฌํ˜• ๋†ํ˜• ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋„[14]

Fig. 2. Equivalent circuit diagram of deep-bar type Squirrel-cage Induction motor

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.12.2224/fig2.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2์—์„œ $R_{s},\: L_{s}$ ๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๊ณ ์ •์ž์˜ ์ €ํ•ญ๊ณผ ๋ˆ„์„ค ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค์ด๊ณ , $L_{m}$ ์€ ์žํ™” ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค์ด๋‹ค[14,15]. $r_{1}$, $r_{2}$ ์€ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํšŒ์ „์ž ์ €ํ•ญ์ด๊ณ , $L_{1},\: L_{2}$ ๋„ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ๋ˆ„์„ค ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค[5, 14, 15]์ด๋‹ค. $s$ ๋Š” ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ์ด๊ณ , $V_{1}$ ์€ ๊ณ ์ •์ž์— ์ธ๊ฐ€๋˜๋Š” ์ „์••์ด๋‹ค[5, 6, 12, 14, 15].

์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ($P$) ๋ฐ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ($Q$)์€ ์‹ (4) ๋ฐ ์‹ (5)์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค[12,14].

(4)
$P=Re\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\times V_{1}\times\overline{I_{s}}\right)$
(5)
$Q=Im\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\times V_{1}\times\overline{I_{s}}\right)$

์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์€ ์‹ (4)์™€ (5)์˜ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(6)
$pf=\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{P^{2}+Q^{2}}}$

์ง€์ƒ์ธ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์„ ์ „๋ ฅํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ค์น˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹ (7)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(7)
$Q_{c}=P\left(\tan\theta_{1}-\tan\theta_{1}\right)$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, $P$ ๋Š” ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์ด๊ณ , $\theta_{1}$๊ณผ $\theta_{2}$ ๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์ „ํ›„์˜ ์ „์••๊ณผ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์ฐจ์ด๋‹ค[12, 14, 15].

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2์—์„œ ํšŒ์ „์ž์— ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์„ฑ๋ถ„ ์ค‘์—์„œ ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ์ €ํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ํ† ํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ๊ตฌํ˜• ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ํ† ํฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹ (8)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(8)
$T_{m}=\dfrac{3p}{w_{s}}\left(\left | I_{1}\right |^{2}\left(\dfrac{r_{1}}{s}\right)+\left | I_{2}\right |^{2}\left(\dfrac{r_{2}}{s}\right)\right)$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, $w_{s}$ ๋Š” ๋™๊ธฐ ๊ฐ์†๋„์ด๊ณ , $I_{1},\: I_{2}$๋Š” ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ์œ„์ชฝ๊ณผ ์•„๋ž˜์— ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜์ด๋ฉฐ, $p$๋Š” ๊ทน์˜ ์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค[12,14].

๊ณ ์•• ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ† ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๋ถ€ํ•˜์™€์˜ ์šด๋™๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ์šด๋™๋ฐฉ์ •์‹[14]์€ ์‹ (9)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ† ํฌ์™€ ๊ด€์„ฑ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ์†๋„๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค[14,15].

(9)
$T_{m}=J\left(\dfrac{2}{p}\right)\dfrac{dw_{r}}{dt}+Dw_{r}+T_{D}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ $J$ ๋Š” ๊ด€์„ฑ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์ด๋ฉฐ, $T_{D}$ ๋Š” ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ํ† ํฌ์ด๋‹ค. $D$ ๋Š” ์ œ๋™ ์ •์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋งˆ์ฐฐ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์†์‹ค์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ„์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค.

์‹ (9)์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์šด๋™๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ํšŒ๋กœ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค[16].

(10)
$I_{m}=C\left(\dfrac{2}{p}\right)\dfrac{dv_{r}}{dt}+\dfrac{v_{r}}{R}+ I_{D}$

์‹ (9)์—์„œ ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋™ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์†Œ๋กœ์„œ๋Š” ๊ด€์„ฑ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์™€ ์ œ๋™ ์ •์ˆ˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ด€์„ฑ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๋Š” ์ „๋™๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ด€์„ฑ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๋Š” ์ œ์ž‘์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ด€์„ฑ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ($J_{L}$)๋Š” ์‹ (11)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ทน์˜ ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค[13,14].

(11)
$J_{L}= 0.03\times P_{o}^{0.9}\times\left(\dfrac{p}{2}\right)^{2.5}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, $P_{o}$ ๋Š” ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ[ใŽพ]์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฐ™์€ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ด๋ผ๋„ ๊ทน์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ด€์„ฑ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๋Š” ์ปค์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ถœ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ทน์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค.

์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ๋™์ž‘ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํšŒ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์˜ d โ€“ q ์ถ• ์ด๋ก ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์ž๊ณ„ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•ด์„ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ(EMTP)[16,17]์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ „๊ธฐํšŒ๋กœ(EN), ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ(MS), ์ œ์–ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ(TACS), ํšŒ์ „๊ธฐ๊ธฐ(UM)์˜ 4๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ „๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์‹ฑ์€ ์ขŒํ‘œ๋ณ€ํ™˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตฌํ˜„๋œ๋‹ค[17].

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3. UM ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ํ๋ฆ„๋„

Fig. 3. Diagram of UM interface variables

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.12.2224/fig3.png

3. ๋™์ž‘ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๋„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์‹œ์„ค์— ๋งŽ์ด ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ์•• 3์ƒ, ๋‹ค๊ทน ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋Š” ํ‘œ 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๊ณ , ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ๋™์ž‘๋ถ„์„์€ ์ „์ž๊ณ„ ๊ณผ๋„ ํ•ด์„ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[16].

ํ‘œ 1 ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ

Table 1 Induction motor parameters

์ „์•• [ใŽธ]

6.6

์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ [hp]

280

๊ทน ์ˆ˜

16

์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„ [rpm]

440

ํšจ์œจ [%]

90

์—ญ๋ฅ 

0.66

์ „๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜ [A]

31

๊ธฐ๋™์ „๋ฅ˜ [%]

169

์ •๊ฒฉํ† ํฌ [ใŽยทm]

465.3

๊ธฐ๋™ ํ† ํฌ [%]

120

ํ‘œ 1์— ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๊ณ ์•• ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง์ž… ๋ฐ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ† ํฌ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๋‚ฎ์€ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์„ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ (7)๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•œ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์€ 200kVA ์ด๋‹ค[14,15].

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4๋Š” ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™๊ณผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋™์ž‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ† ํฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

โ‘  ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ (โ—‹),

โ‘ก ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ณด์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(โ–ก),

โ‘ข ๋ณด์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ง„๊ณต ์ ‘์ด‰๊ธฐ์˜ ์ „๋‹จ(โ–ณ)์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ,

โ‘ฃ ๋ณด์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ง„๊ณต ์ ‘์ด‰๊ธฐ์˜ ํ›„๋‹จ(ร—)์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4. ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋ฐ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์‹œ ํ† ํฌ

Fig. 4. Torque at the direct on line starting and reactor starting

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๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ง์ž… ๋ฐฉ์‹(DOL)์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ 5์ดˆ ์ „์— ์ •๊ฒฉํ† ํฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์•ฝ 8์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์„œ์•ผ ์ •๊ฒฉํ† ํฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„์˜ 75%๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋•Œ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์™€ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ์ง„๊ณต ์ ‘์ด‰๊ธฐ(VC)๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์—์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ํ† ํฌ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฐ™๊ณ , ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ํ† ํฌ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ(โ—‹)๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ณ , ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ํ›„๋‹จ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ๋•Œ(ร—)๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๋ฉฐ, ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(โ–ก)์™€ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ์•ž๋‹จ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ๋•Œ(โ–ณ)๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ํ† ํฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ „์••, ์ „๋ฅ˜, ์ „๋ ฅ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ญ๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •์ƒ ์†๋„๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์˜ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5๋Š” 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋ฐ ์ •์ƒ ํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ณ ์ •์ž ์ „๋ฅ˜, ํšŒ์ „์ž ์ „๋ฅ˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žํ™”์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ๊ณ ์ •์ž์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ค„์–ด๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5(a)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ๊ณผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ ˆํ™˜ํ•œ ์ดํ›„ ๊ณ ์ •์ž์— ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ , ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(โ—‹,โ–ก)๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•œ ์ดํ›„(โ–ณ,ร—)์— ๊ณ ์ •์ž์— ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5. ๊ณ ์ •์ž, ํšŒ์ „์ž ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žํ™”์ „๋ฅ˜

Fig. 5. Stator, rotor and magnetizing currents

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๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5(b)๋Š” ํšŒ์ „์ž ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์— ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ๋Š” ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ํ›„๋‹จ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(ร—)๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(โ–ก,โ–ณ)์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ ๊ฒŒ ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์†๋„๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5(c)๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋™๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ ์žํ™”์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์žํ™”์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ง์ž… ๋ฐ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์—์„œ ์ •์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(โ–ก)์™€ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ์ „๋‹จ(โ–ณ)๊ณผ ํ›„๋‹จ(ร—)์— ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ํ‘œ 2์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 2 ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ „๋ฅ˜

Table 2 Current depending on starting method and power factor compensation position

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4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ณ ์ •์ž์™€ ํšŒ์ „์ž์— ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์žํ™”์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋ชจ๋‘ 21[A]๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ์•ž๋‹จ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ณ ์ •์ž์— ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์†์‹ค ์ €๊ฐ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ‘œ 2์—์„œ ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ 1์— ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ •๊ฒฉ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ์šด์ „ํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6์€ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šด์ „ ๋ฐฉ์‹์—์„œ ์ „์••์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ง์ž… ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 2[%] ์ •๋„์˜ ์ „์••๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 34~36[%]์˜ ์ „์••๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•œ ์„ค๋น„์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ „์••ํ’ˆ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๋ณด์™„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ํ›„๋‹จ(ร—)์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ „์••๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6. ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋ฐ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์‹œ์˜ ์ „์••๊ฐ•ํ•˜

Fig. 6. Voltage drop during direct starting and reactor starting

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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7์€ ์ง์ž… ๋ฐ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ, ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”ผ์ƒ์ „๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ๊ณผ ์ •์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์”ฉ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ง์ž… ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์‘๋‹ต์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ™•๋ณดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ „์••๊ฐ•ํ•˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์ „์••๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค„์—ฌ์ฃผ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ธฐ๋™ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธธ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ์•ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7(b)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ์˜ ์„ค์น˜ ์ „๊ณผ ์„ค์น˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ •์ƒ ์†๋„์—์„œ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ํ‘œ 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7. ์ง์ž… ๋ฐ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์—์„œ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ, ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ํ”ผ์ƒ์ „๋ ฅ

Fig. 7. Active power, reactive power and apparent power during direct and reactor starting

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.12.2224/fig7.png

ํ‘œ 3 ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ „๋ ฅ, ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ

Table 3 Power, power factor and output depending on starting method and power factor compensation position

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.12.2224/tb3.png

๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ์œ ๋„์„ฑ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์€ ์ •๊ฒฉ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๊ณ , ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜๋ฉด ํ”ผ์ƒ์ „๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์€ ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค. 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ์•ž๋‹จ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ”ผ์ƒ์ „๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 8์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•œ ์ดํ›„์—๋„ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์—์„œ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์žฅ์น˜์— ์Šค์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(โ–ก)๊ฐ€ ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™(โ—‹)์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์—ญ๋ฅ ์ด ๋” ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ , ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ์ „ยทํ›„๋‹จ(โ–ณ,ร—)์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ง์ž… ๊ธฐ๋™์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์—ญ๋ฅ ์ด ๋‚ฎ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 8. ์ง์ž… ๋ฐ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์—์„œ ์—ญ๋ฅ 

Fig. 8. Power factor during direct and reactor starting

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.12.2224/fig8.png

์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ‘œ 4์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณด์ƒ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ํ›„๋‹จ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ญ๋ฅ ์ด ๋” ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 4 ์ •๊ฒฉ์†๋„ ์šด์ „์—์„œ ์—ญ๋ฅ 

Table 4 Power factor at the rated speed

์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด

์—ญ๋ฅ 

DOL(โ—‹)

0.65

Reactor starting

No Comp(โ–ก)

0.60

Comp@Front(โ–ณ)

0.967

Comp@Back(ร—)

0.971

4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

ํŽŒํ”„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์••์˜ ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋†’์€ ์ „๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ „์••๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์„ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์œ ๋„์„ฑ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์„ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ „๋™๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ณณ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์—์„œ ๊ฐœํ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๋กœ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์„ค์น˜๋  ๋•Œ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ฐœํ๊ธฐ์˜ ์•ž ๋˜๋Š” ๋’ค์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ ๋„์„ฑ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ์— ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ์ „๋‹จ ๋˜๋Š” ํ›„๋‹จ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ๋™ ๋ฐ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์šด์ „์—์„œ ์ „๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ํ† ํฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•ด์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๋ณด์ƒ ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ํ›„๋‹จ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ „๋‹จ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ”ผ์ƒ์ „๋ ฅ์ด ๋” ์ ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ์—ญ๋ฅ ์„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํŽŒํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์•• ์œ ๋„์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์—ญ๋ฅ ์„ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ปคํŒจ์‹œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์„ค์น˜ ์œ„์น˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค.

References

1 
Theodore Wildi, Electrical Machines, Drives and Power Systems, Prentice Hall, pp. 263, 2002.URL
2 
P.C. Krause, and C.H. Thomas, โ€œSimulation of symmetrical induction machinery,โ€ IEEE Trans on PAS, vol.84, pp. 1038-1053, 1965.DOI
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P.C. Krause, O.Wasynczuk, and S.D. Sudhoff. Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems. IEEE Press Series on power Engineering, John Wiley and Sons Inc. Publication, 2004.URL
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J. Larabee, B. Pellegrino, and B. Flick, โ€œInduction motor starting methods and issues,โ€ IEEE Industry Applications Society 52nd Annual Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference, pp. 217-222, 2005.DOI
5 
Jong-Gyeum Kim, โ€œResearch on Acceleration Time of Reactor Starting Induction Motor,โ€ The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers, vol.70, no.9, pp. 1420-1424, 2021.URL
6 
Hyung-Tae Kim et al., โ€œA Study on Optimum Operation Method of Power-Factor Improvement Equipment for an Induction Motor in High-Voltage and High capacity,โ€ The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers Summer Conference, pp. 862-863, 2011.URL
7 
Joseph Nevelsten, and Humberto Aragon, โ€œStarting of Large Motors- Methods and Economics,โ€ IEEE Trans on I.A, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 1012-1018, Nov/Dec, 1989.DOI
8 
Frank M. Bruce et al., โ€œReduced-Voltage Starting of Squirrel-Cage Induction Motors,โ€ IEEE Trans on I.A, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 46-55, Jan/Feb, 1984.DOI
9 
M. Habyarimana;D. G. Dorrell, โ€œMethods to reduce the starting current of an induction motor,โ€ IEEE International Conference on Power, Control, Signals and Instrumentation Engineering(ICPCSI), 2017.DOI
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Seung-Ji Jeong, Electric Machines, Haksan-media Publisher, pp. 486-488, 2018.URL
11 
Ramasamy Natarajan, Power System Capacitor, Taylor & Francis, pp. 35-45, 2005.URL
12 
Jong-Gyeum Kim, โ€œA Study on the Variation of the Power Factor according to the Multiples of the 3-phase Induction Motor Starting Current,โ€ The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers, vol. 69, no. 11, pp. 1773-1777, 2020.11.URL
13 
KC 50034-12, Rotating Electrical Machines Part 12 : Starting Performance of Single-Speed Three-phase Cage Induction Motors, Sep, 2015.URL
14 
Jong-Gyeum Kim, and Young-Jeen Park, โ€œResearch on Power Factor Compensation According to Load Changes in Low-Voltage Induction Motors,โ€ The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers, vol. 73, no. 5, pp. 865-870, May, 2024URL
15 
Jong-Gyeum Kim, โ€œStudy on Installation of Power Factor Correction Capacitor and Self-Excitation Phenomenon in Reactor Starting Induction Motor,โ€ The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers, vol. 73, no. 8, pp. 1481-1486, Aug 2024URL
16 
H. W. Dommel, Electromagnetic Transients Program. Reference Manual (EMTP Theory Book), BPA, 1986.URL
17 
Jong-Gyeum Kim, โ€œThe Analysis of Operation Characteristic in Induction Motor by Power Quality Variance,โ€ The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers, vol. 49P, no. 2, pp. 15-21, Oct 2000.URL

์ €์ž์†Œ๊ฐœ

๊น€์ข…๊ฒธ(Jong-Gyeum Kim)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2024.73.12.2224/au1.png

Jongโ€‘Gyeum Kim received his B.S degree in Electrical Engineering from Dong-A University, Busan, Korea, in 1984, and M.S, and Ph.D degrees in Electrical Engineering from Chungnam National University in 1991 and 1996 respectively. In 1987, he worked for KT, and from 1988 to 1996, he worked for K-water. He was a Visiting Professor at the Wisconsin State University from 2013 to 2014 and the University of Idaho from 2022 to 2023. He has been working at National Gangneung-Wonju University since 1996. His research interest is the design and implementation of Energy Conversion System and Power Quality. He is fellow member of the KIEE.