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  1. (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inha University, Republic of Korea. E-mail : yoon5407@korea.kr)



EV charging station, administrative algorithm of EV station relocation, factors affecting EV charging, public charging station, regression model

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ

์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ™”์„์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์—ฐ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์œ ๋ง ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ํ๋ฆ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ์œก์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€ ๋ณด๋„์ž๋ฃŒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์˜จ์‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ „๋…„ ๋Œ€๋น„ 2.3\% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ ์•ฝ 1,668 ๋งŒํ†ค์ด ๊ฐ์†Œ๋œ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. (2021๋…„ ์•ฝ 7์–ต 4,098๋งŒํ†ค. / 2022๋…„ ์•ฝ 7์–ต 2,429๋งŒํ†ค.)[1]. ๊ฐ์†Œ ๋œ ์ˆ˜์น˜ ์ค‘ ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋˜๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ ํญ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ปธ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๋’ค๋กœ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณต์ • ยท ์ œํ’ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์— ์ด์–ด์„œ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ์€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •์ฑ…์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๋ณด๊ธ‰์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์ฑ… ์ค‘ ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋กœ, 2025๋…„๋„ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๊ตฌ๋งค๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์„ ๊ฐœํŽธํ•˜์—ฌ ํ–‰์ • ์˜ˆ๊ณ ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ง€์› ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๊ธฐ์กด 5,500๋งŒ์›์—์„œ 5,300๋งŒ์› ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ค„์ด๊ณ , 1ํšŒ ์ถฉ์ „ ๋‹น ์ˆœํ•ญ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์„ ์ฐจ๋“ฑ ์ง€๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค[2]. ์ถฉ์ „ ์†๋„, 1ํšŒ ์ถฉ์ „ ๋‹น ์ˆœํ•ญ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ง€์›ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž์˜ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๊ตฌ๋งค๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์˜๋„์ด๋‹ค. ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ… ๋ณด์™„๊ณผ ๊ฐœํŽธ ๊ณ„ํš์•ˆ์€ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ์ œ์ •๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ํ™•์ถฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณด์™„ ๋ฐ ์ง€์› ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ํ™•์ถฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ๋„์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  ๋ฐœ๊ตด๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๋น„ํ•œ ์ ์„ ๋ณด์™„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒํผ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ  ํ™•๋Œ€์— ์ข‹์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. 2023๋…„ 12์›”์— ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ „์ฒด์˜ ์•ฝ 79%์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ด์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์— ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ์„ ๋А๋‚€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[3]. ์ด ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์Œ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์กฑ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค[3]. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ๋ณด๊ธ‰๋ฅ ์€ 2022๋…„ 1์ฒœ ๋Œ€๋‹น 563๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ธ‰๋ฅ ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๋‹ค. (OECD ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ํ‰๊ท  ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ๋ณด๊ธ‰๋ฅ ์€ 1์ฒœ ๋Œ€๋‹น 105๊ธฐ, ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ 1์ฒœ ๋Œ€๋‹น 125๊ธฐ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ 1์ฒœ ๋Œ€๋‹น 43๊ธฐ๋‹ค.)[4]. ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋กœ ๋น„์ถฐ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ๋Š” ์ ์žฌ์ ์†Œ ์ง€์ ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ณณ์— ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด, ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ถฉ์ „์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ •๋ถ€ ์ง€์› ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ๋œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ํ–‰์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

1.2 ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๋’ค ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๋ฐ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ–‰์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ๋„์ž…์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์•ˆ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์— ์•ž์„œ, ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ , ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ, ํ–‰์ •์  ๋Œ€์ฑ… ๋“ฑ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค[5-7]. ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ[5]์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ํ™•์ถฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€์› ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ์„ ์ • ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ์˜ ํ–‰์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์—… ์„ ์ • ํ›„ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ง๋ฉดํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์—… ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ–‰์ •์  ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์„ ์ • ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ณต์ •์„ฑ๊ณผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ[6]์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ๋ณด๊ธ‰์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์„  ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ฌธํ—Œ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ†ต๊ณ„์  ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹คํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์„ค์น˜ ์ง€์ ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ด์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ์„ค์ด ์šด์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๋ถ„ํฌ์™€ ์ด์šฉ ํ–‰ํƒœ ๊ณ ๋ ค, ์ถฉ์ „ ์ˆ˜์š”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋“ฑ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ[7]์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ํ™œ์šฉ ์ „๋žต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

1.3 ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ ๋ฐ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ฑ

๊ธฐ์กด ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์‹ ๊ทœ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์„ค์น˜ ๋ฐ ๋ณด๊ธ‰์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ, ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๊ณผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ฃผ์•ˆ์ ์„ ๋‘๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ์•ˆ์ ์„ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ๋œ, ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ–‰์ •์  ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ์น˜๋˜๊ณ  ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ํ–‰์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ก์— ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ํ–‰์ • ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œํ–‰ ์„ธ์น™์„ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ด๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ํ–‰์ • ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‘์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค์—๋งŒ ๊ตญํ•œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์„ค ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ์˜ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ํ–‰์ •๊ณผ์ •์—๋„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ธ์ฒœ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ˆ˜์š”๋Ÿ‰์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํšŒ๊ท€์ด๋ก ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ˆ˜์š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์ž…์ง€ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ํ–‰์ • ์ •์ฑ… ๋ฐœ์ „ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ต์ฐฐ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

2. ๋ณธ ๋ก 

2.1 ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ํ–ฅ ์š”์†Œ ๋ถ„์„

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ๋œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์ถฉ์ „์‹œ์„ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ํ–‰์ •์  ์ทจ์†Œ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ทจ์†Œ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ์— ๋งŽ์€ ์ž๋ฃŒ์กฐ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜„์žฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ค„์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์•ž์„œ, ์ธ์ฒœ์‹œ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„์œผ๋กœ, ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์ž…์ง€ ์‹คํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž…์ง€ ์‹คํƒœ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค ํ–‰์ •์  ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ์˜ ํ•„์š” ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค. ์ž…์ง€ ์„ ์ •์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์€ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰(์œ ๋™์ธ๊ตฌ ์ˆ˜)๊ณผ ํ˜ผ์žก๋น„์œจ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์†Œ๋“์ˆ˜์ค€ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์š”์ธ๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1~๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ธ์ฒœ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ 15๊ฐœ ๋™๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์„œ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[8].

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1์€ ์ธ์ฒœ์‹œ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ ๋™๋ณ„ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2๋Š” ๋™๋ณ„ ์ด ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1์˜ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰์€ ์„ ํ•™๋™์ด ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 17,439๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์œ ๋™ ์ธ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์†ก๋„ 2๋™์ด 16,840๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž‡๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋งคํŠธ๋žฉ corrcoef ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋™๋ณ„ ์ด ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2์™€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1์˜ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰, ํ‰๊ท  ์†๋„, ํ˜ผ์žก๋นˆ๋„์™€์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•ด ๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œ 1์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1. 2022๋…„ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ ๋™๋ณ„ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰ [8]

Fig. 1. Traffic volume by district in Yeonsu-gu in 2022

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2025.74.9.1619/fig1.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2. 2022๋…„ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ ๋™๋ณ„ ์ด ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ [8]

Fig. 2. Total charging capacity by district in Yeonsu-gu in 2022

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2025.74.9.1619/fig2.png

ํ‘œ 1์€ ์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ •๋ฆฌํ•œ ํ‘œ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ ์€ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰ โ€“15%, ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ€๋„ ์•ฝ -46%, ํ˜ผ์žก๋นˆ๋„ โ€“47%, ํ˜ผ์žก์‹œ๊ฐ„ โ€“49%๋กœ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—†์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค[8]. ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ์€ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์— ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ๋œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์‹œ์„ค์€ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰, ํ˜ผ์žก๋นˆ๋„, ํ˜ผ์žก์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฐ€๋„์˜ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ๊ณง ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ด์šฉ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ํ–‰์ •์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 1 ๋™๋ณ„ ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ์š”์ธ๊ณผ ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ (1) [8]

Table 1 Correlation between factors of installed charging stations and charging capacity (1)

์ถฉ์ „

์šฉ๋Ÿ‰

[kw]

์ธ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜

[๋ช…]

ํ‰๊ท 

์†๋„

[km/h]

๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰

[๋Œ€/์ผ]

ํ˜ผ์žก๋นˆ๋„ [%]

ํ˜ผ์žก์‹œ๊ฐ„ [%]

์ธ๊ตฌ

๋ฐ€๋„

[๋ช…/km^2]

๋™์ถ˜1๋™

781

24,463

42.96

13,644

53.32

62.95

6,444

๋™์ถ˜2๋™

741

17,529

41.26

14,044

39.44

52.89

13,351

๋™์ถ˜3๋™

1430

17,939

39.53

13,093

20.97

31.72

24,888

์„ ํ•™๋™

70

16,425

41.45

17,439

23.66

41.59

6,776

์†ก๋„1๋™

3521

38,255

38.98

9,281

30.29

45.75

3,688

์†ก๋„2๋™

3266

36,630

46.33

16,840

32.84

42.97

9,627

์†ก๋„3๋™

4345

48,675

42.81

8,451

19.15

32.28

4,517

์†ก๋„4๋™

4383

29,680

39.8

6,929

26.48

43.04

4,360

์†ก๋„5๋™

2688

46,084

46.06

12,516

20.51

36.45

7,323

์—ฐ์ˆ˜1๋™

270

17,713

36.22

7,084

32.72

47.64

10,592

์—ฐ์ˆ˜2๋™

671

20,065

39.31

9,922

29.59

45.82

20,011

์—ฐ์ˆ˜3๋™

843

15,302

33.81

5,031

39.56

55.7

17,793

์˜ฅ๋ จ1๋™

1092

18,118

37.29

7,589

50.82

66.75

8,397

์˜ฅ๋ จ2๋™

206

19,353

43.93

11,343

48.57

61.02

10,056

์ฒญํ•™๋™

1423

23,491

37.53

7,882

27.06

39.28

9,782

์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜

1

0.8382

0.2999

-0.1544

-0.4767

-0.4982

-0.4638

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3, 4๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ๋น„์œจ, ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ 2๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์ถ˜๋™, ์„ ํ•™๋™, ์†ก๋„๋™, ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๋™, ์˜ฅ๋ จ๋™, ์ฒญํ•™๋™ ์ด 6๊ฐœ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ ๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์†Œ๋“์ˆ˜์ค€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค ๋น„์œจ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋งคํŠธ๋žฉ corrcoef ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์†Œ๋“์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” 98%๋กœ ์•„์ฃผ ๋†’์€ ์ผ์น˜์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค[8]. ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค ๋น„์œจ ๋˜ํ•œ ์•ฝ 65%์˜ ์ผ์น˜๋กœ ๋†’์ง„ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ์–ด๋А ์ •๋„ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค[8]. ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ ์€ ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค๊ณผ ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ์–‘์  ์„ ํ˜•๊ด€๊ณ„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณต๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ์„ค์น˜๋œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค์ด ์ œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋ชป ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ์ธ์ฒœ์‹œ ๊ต์œก์ฒญ์ด ๊ตญ๋น„ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์„ ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ดˆ์ค‘๊ณ ์— ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค[9]. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ•™๊ต ํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ ์™ธ๋ถ€์ธ์ด ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ถœ์ž…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค[9]. ๊ทธ ๋ฐ–์—๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์œ ๋กœ, ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ๊ณต๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์‹œ์„ค์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์‹œ์„ค์˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ฐ˜์˜, ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์˜ ํ–‰์ •์  ์ ˆ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3. 2022๋…„ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ ๋™๋ณ„ ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ๋น„์œจ [8]

Fig. 3. The ratio of charging stations in public facilities by district in Yeonsu-gu

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2025.74.9.1619/fig3.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4. 2022๋…„ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ ๋™๋ณ„ ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ [8]

Fig. 4. Charging Capacity by district in Yeonsu-gu in 2022

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2025.74.9.1619/fig4.png

ํ‘œ 2 ๋™๋ณ„ ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ์š”์ธ๊ณผ ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ (2) [8]

Table 2 Correlation between factors of installed charging stations and charging capacity (2)

์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰

[kw]

์†Œ๋“์ˆ˜์ค€

[์ผ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ์›]

๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค๋น„์œจ

[%]

๋™์ถ˜๋™

2952

400

50.99

์„ ํ•™๋™

70

350

48.66

์†ก๋„๋™

18203

840

77.18

์—ฐ์ˆ˜๋™

1784

300

77.03

์˜ฅ๋ จ๋™

1298

300

52.9

์ฒญํ•™๋™

1423

290

53

์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜

1

0.9819

0.6469

2.2 ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•œ๋‹ค. ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ถ„์„์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ (1)์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ๋‹ค.

(1)
$y=\beta_{0}+\sum_{i=1}^{n}\beta_{i}x_{i}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, n์€ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜, xi๋Š” i๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜, y๋Š” ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค. ฮฒi๋Š” ๊ฐ i๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜์ธ ํšŒ๊ท€๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋กœ, ฮฒi ๊ฐ’์ด ํด์ˆ˜๋ก, ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ฮฒ0๋Š” ์ƒ์ˆ˜ํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ, ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ํšŒ๊ท€๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‹ (2)์™€ (3)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค.

(2)
$\beta =\left[\begin{matrix}\beta_{0}\\\beta_{1}\\\vdots \\\beta_{n}\end{matrix}\right],\: X=\left[\begin{matrix}1 & x_{11}&\cdots & x_{1n}\\ 1 & x_{21}&\cdots & x_{2n}\\\vdots &\vdots &\vdots &\vdots \\ 1 & x_{m1}& x_{m2}& x_{mn}\end{matrix}\right],\: y=\left[\begin{matrix}y_{1}\\ y_{2}\\\vdots \\ y_{m}\end{matrix}\right]$
(3)
$\beta =(X^{T}X)^{-1}X^{T}y$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, m์€ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค.

ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํŒ๋ณ„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค.

1. ๊ฐ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜ yj์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ฐ’($\hat{y_{j}}$)์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ (4)๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ๋‹ค.

(4)
$\hat{y_{j}}=\beta_{0}+\sum_{i=1}^{n}\beta_{i}x_{ij}$

2. ์‹ค์ œ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ํ‰๊ท (y)์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ (5)๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ๋‹ค.

(5)
$\overline{y}=\dfrac{\sum_{j=1}^{m}y_{j}}{m}$

3. ์ž”์ฐจ์˜ ์ œ๊ณฑ ํ•ฉ์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ (6)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ž”์ฐจ๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ฐ’ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ’์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค.

(6)
$SS_{res}=\sum_{j=1}^{m}(y_{j}-\hat{y_{j}})^{2}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, SSres๋Š” ์ž”์ฐจ ์ œ๊ณฑ์˜ ํ•ฉ์ด๋‹ค.

4. ํŽธ์ฐจ ์ œ๊ณฑ์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ (7)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํŽธ์ฐจ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ’์˜ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’๊ณผ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ’์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜์‹ (7)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค.

(7)
$SS_{tot}=\sum_{j=1}^{m}(y_{j}-\overline{y})^{2}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ SStot๋Š” ํŽธ์ฐจ ์ œ๊ณฑ ๊ฐ’์˜ ํ•ฉ์ด๋‹ค.

5. ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜(Rsq)๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‹ (8)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค.

(8)
$R_{sq}^{2}=1-\dfrac{SS_{res}}{SS_{tot}}$

๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ’์ด ํด์ˆ˜๋ก ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ’์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ“๊ฐ’์€ 1์œผ๋กœ, 1์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ค์ œ๊ฐ’์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์†Ÿ๊ฐ’์€ 0์œผ๋กœ, 0์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ค์ œ๊ฐ’์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.

2.3 ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ๋„์ž…

์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค ํ™•์ถฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ œ์ •๋˜์–ด, ์šด์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์šด์˜ ์‹ค์ ์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค์„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ๊ฑด๋ฆฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ณธ๋ก  2.1์—์„œ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ถฉ์ „์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ํ–‰์ •์  ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ณ  ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ด์šฉ์ž์˜ ํŽธ์˜๋ฅผ ๋„๋ชจํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ํ–‰์ •์  ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ํ๋ฆ„๋„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํ•œ ์‚ฌ์—… ์ง„ํ–‰์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ๊ด€๋ จ, ๋ถ€๋ก์— โ€˜์‹ฌ์˜์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒโ€™ ์„ธ์น™์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ์ง„ํ–‰์˜ ํ–‰์ •์  ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ธฐํ‹€์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5์—์„œ ์ฒซ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ, โ‘ ๋ฒˆ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณต๋‹จ์ด ์ฃผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์šด์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ํŒŒ์•…, ์ด์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ, ํ˜„์žฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ด๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณต๋‹จ โ€˜๊ณต๊ณต๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐํฌํ„ธโ€™์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ์„ธ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•œ๊ตญํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณต๋‹จ์ด ์šด์˜ ์ค‘์ด๋‹ค. ์ƒ์„ธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์— ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์•ž์„œ ๋ณธ๋ก  2.1์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๊ฐ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๊ณผ ์ถฉ์ „์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉ, ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฃŒ, ํ˜„์žฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ํ•œ๊ตญํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณต๋‹จ์€ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ๋ชฉ๋ก์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜„์žฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณต๋‹จ์€ 3๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค ์„ค์น˜ํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ์‹คํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ „์ˆ˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ , ๊ณต๋‹จ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•œ ๋ณ„์ง€ ์„œ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€์— ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ธ โ‘ก๋ฒˆ์˜ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ์‹ ์ฒญ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ์‹ ์ฒญ์˜ ๋ถ™์ž„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ, ํ•œ๊ตญํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณต๋‹จ์—์„œ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „์‹œ์„ค ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์œ ์™€ ๊ฐ์ข… ํ†ต๊ณ„์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ์‹ ์ฒญ์ด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€์— ์ ‘์ˆ˜๋˜๋ฉด ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„, โ‘ข๋ฒˆ์˜ ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ตœํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”, ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ธฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ํ–‰์ • ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒˆ๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ ˆ์ฐจ์ด๊ธฐ์—, ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ–‰์ • ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋„๋ชจํ•˜์—ฌ ํ–‰์ • ์ง‘ํ–‰์˜ ํ˜•ํ‰์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—„์ •์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ณ  ํŽธํŒŒ์„ฑ์„ ์ง€์–‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•จ์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ํ–‰์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ์ง‘ํ–‰์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด์˜ ์ ˆ์ฐจ ์„ธ์น™์€ ๋ถ€๋ก์˜ ์ œ1์กฐ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ฆฌ๋˜๋ฉด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€๋Š” โ‘ฃ๋ฒˆ์˜ ์‹ฌ์˜์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ตœํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ข… ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ์˜์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ๋ถ€์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๊ณผ ์„ธ์น™์€ ๋ถ€๋ก ์ œ2์กฐ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5. ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋„

Fig. 5. Algorithm procedure for deciding on relocation of electric vehicle charging infrastructure facilities

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2025.74.9.1619/fig5.png

3. ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ

ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ์— ์„ค์น˜๋œ ๋…ธํ›„ํ™”, ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ํ›„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์ด ๊ฐ€์†ํ™” ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ์ง€ํ•˜ ์ฃผ์ฐจ์žฅ์˜ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ํ™”์žฌ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์–ด ์ง€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ด์ „(์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜)ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋ น์ƒ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์ด์ „์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‹ ๊ทœ ์„ค์น˜๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. (๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰๋ น ์ œ35์กฐ 1ํ•ญ (ํ–‰์œ„ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋“ฑ))[10] ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์ด์ „ (์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜) ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ , ๋ณธ๋ก  2.3์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ์— ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ด์ „(์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜) ์ ˆ์ฐจ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณธ๋ก  2.2์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ํšŒ๊ท€์ด๋ก ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์ด์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๊ฒฐ์ • ํ–‰์ •์ ˆ์ฐจ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์— ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ ์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ์‹œ, ๊ฐœ์„ ์•ˆ๊ณผ ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์ ์„ ๋‹ค๋ค„๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

3.1 ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ชจ๋ธ

๋ณธ๋ก  2.2์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ ์ด๋ก ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ, ๋ณธ๋ก  2.3์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ค‘์—์„œ ์šฐ์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•์žฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ๋ฅผ ํŒ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ต์ฐฐ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ[11]์—์„œ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ 4๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์š”์†Œ(์ธ๊ตฌ[12], ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜[13], ์—ฐํ‰๊ท  ์ผ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰[14], ์ง€๊ฐ€[15])๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ตฌ์™€ ์—ฐํ‰๊ท  ์ผ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰, ์ง€๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋„๋ณด ํ™œ๋™๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ 914m(3000ft)์˜ ๊ฐ’๋“ค์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ[16], ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์š”์†Œ ์ค‘์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Ÿ‰์ด ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌ์™€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์ถ”์ด๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 1.3%(2023๋…„ ์ „๋…„ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์œจ[17]) ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 34.2 \%(2025๋…„ ์ „๋…„ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ „๊ตญ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์œจ[18]) ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์ธ์ฒœ์‹œ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์— ์„ค์น˜๋œ 74๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ธ‰์† ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 1๋…„ ํ›„์˜ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๊ธ‰์† ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ์ •์˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉฐ, ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด 50kW ์ด์ƒ์ธ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค[19]. ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ ๊ธ‰์† ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ (9)์ด๋‹ค.

(9)
$C_{i}=4250.1P_{i}+7184.3E_{i}-3061.3A_{i}-8558.1L_{i}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, C๋Š” ๊ธ‰์† ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ์ด์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰, P๋Š” ์ •๊ทœํ™”๋œ ์ธ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜, E๋Š” ์ •๊ทœํ™”๋œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜, A๋Š” ์ •๊ทœํ™”๋œ ์—ฐํ‰๊ท  ์ผ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰, L์€ ์ •๊ทœํ™”๋œ ์ง€๊ฐ€, i๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค. ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” 0.101๋กœ, ๋†’์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ณด์™„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ 1๋…„ ํ›„ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋„์— ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

ํŒŒ๋ž€ ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•์€ ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์œจ์ด ๋†’์€ ์ƒ์œ„ 33%์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผํ™ฉ ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•์€ ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์œจ์ด ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ธ ์ƒ์œ„ 34%์—์„œ 66%์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ, ํšŒ์ƒ‰ ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•์€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์œจ์ด ๋†’์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ƒ์œ„ 67%์—์„œ 100% ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์ด๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6. ์ธ์ฒœ์‹œ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์˜ˆ์ธก ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰

Fig. 6. Estimated charging energy for electric vehicle charging stations in Yeonsu-gu, Incheon

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2025.74.9.1619/fig6.png

ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ  ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์†ก๋„๊ตญ์ œ๋„์‹œ(์ดํ•˜ ์†ก๋„๋™)์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ ์ธ๊ตฌ์— ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๊ฐ€ ์–‘์˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, ์†ก๋„๋™์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ๋™์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์†ก๋„๋™์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ํ™•์ถฉ์ด ์‹œ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” 0.101๋กœ ๋†’์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‚˜, ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค.

3.2 ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ์•ˆ ๋ฐ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์ 

๋ณธ๋ก  2.3์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ํ•œ๊ตญํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณต๋‹จ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ์กฐ์‚ฌ, ํ˜„์žฅ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ, ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ 3.1์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์— ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ด์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์ž๋ฃŒ์กฐ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜„์žฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์กฐ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜„์žฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ธฐ์กด์— ์˜ˆ์ธก๋œ ์ˆ˜์š”๋Ÿ‰์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ๋œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์˜ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค.

3.3 ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์ด์ „(์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜) ์ ˆ์ฐจ

๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์ด์ „(์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜)์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์œ„์น˜ ์ด๋™์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‹ ๊ทœ ์„ค์น˜์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์™€ ๋ฒ•๋ น์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ๋ฒ•์  ์š”๊ฑด์„ ์ถฉ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์Ÿ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์ด์ „ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ–‰์œ„ ์‹ ๊ณ ์™€ ํ–‰์œ„ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์˜ ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7์€ ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ•„์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„๋žตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์†Œ์—์„œ ์ถฉ์ „ ๊ณ„ํš ๋ฐ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋œ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ฃผํƒ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ž ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ์•ˆ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ณ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํšŒ์˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์ ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€ ์ž…์ฃผ์ž ๋™์˜ ์š”๊ฑด์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7. ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋„

Fig. 7. Procedure for relocating electric vehicle charging stations in multi-unit dwelling

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2025.74.9.1619/fig7.png

ํ‘œ 3์˜ ๋™์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฒ•๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ด€ํ•  ์ง€์ž์ฒด์— ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ํ–‰์œ„ ์‹ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ•์ œ์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๋™์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ํ–‰์œ„ ์‹ ๊ณ ๋กœ ๋ฒ•์˜ ์œ ๊ถŒํ•ด์„์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[20]. ๊ทธ๋ฐ–์— ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์˜ ์„œ๋ฅ˜(์‹ ์ฒญ์„œ, ์„ค์น˜ ๊ณ„ํš์„œ, ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ ๊ฒ€ํ† ์„œ ๋“ฑ)๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ด€ํ•  ์ง€์ž์ฒด์˜ ํ–‰์œ„ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์Šน์ธ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด ๊ณต์‚ฌ์—…์ฒด๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 3 ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰๋ น, [๋ณ„ํ‘œ3] ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ์˜ ํ–‰์œ„ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€ (์ œ35์กฐ ์ œ1ํ•ญ ๊ด€๋ จ)

Table 3 Enforcement Decree of the Apartment Management Act, [Star 3], Standard for permitting or reporting activities in apartment complex (Section 35, subsection 1 related)

์ž…์ฃผ์ž ๋™์˜ ์š”๊ฑด

์šฉ๋„๋ณ€๊ฒฝ

๊ณต๋™ ์ฃผํƒ

์ „์ฒด์ž…์ฃผ์ž 2/3 ๋™์˜. ํ•„์ˆ˜์‹œ์„ค์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 1/2 ๋™์˜.

๊ฐœ์ถ•, ์žฌ์ถ• ๋“ฑ

๊ณต๋™ ์ฃผํƒ

ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™

ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™ ์ž…์ฃผ์ž 2/3 ๋™์˜. ๋‚ด๋ ฅ๋ฒฝ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์„ค์น˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™ ์ž…์ฃผ์ž 1/2 ๋™์˜.

๋ถ€๋Œ€ ์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ์ž…์ฃผ์ž ๊ณต์œ 

๋ณต๋ฆฌ์‹œ์„ค

ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™ ์ž…์ฃผ์ž 2/3 ๋™์˜. ๋‚ด๋ ฅ๋ฒฝ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์„ค์น˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™ ์ž…์ฃผ์ž 1/2 ๋™์˜.

ํŒŒ์†, ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ

๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ

ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™

๊ณต์šฉ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํŒŒ์†์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™ 2/3 ๋™์˜.

๋น„๋‚ด๋ ฅ๋ฒฝ 1/2 ๋™์˜.

๋ถ€๋Œ€ ์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ์ž…์ฃผ์ž๊ณต์œ 

๋ณต๋ฆฌ์‹œ์„ค

์ „๋ถ€์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ์ „์ฒด์ž…์ฃผ์ž 2/3 ๋™์˜. ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ์ „์ฒด์ž…์ฃผ์ž 1/2 ๋™์˜.

์šฉ๋„ ํ์ง€

๊ณต๋™ ์ฃผํƒ

ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™

ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™ ์ž…์ฃผ์ž 2/3 ๋™์˜.

๋ถ€๋Œ€ ์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ์ž…์ฃผ์ž ๊ณต์œ 

๋ณต๋ฆฌ์‹œ์„ค

์ „์ฒด์ž…์ฃผ์ž 2/3 ๋™์˜.

์ฆ์ถ•, ์ฆ์„ค

๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ

ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™

์ „์œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™ ์ž…์ฃผ์ž 1/2 ๋™์˜.

๊ณต์šฉ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™ ์ž…์ฃผ์ž 2/3 ๋™์˜.

๋ถ€๋Œ€ ์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ

์ž…์ฃผ์ž ๊ณต์œ 

๋ณต๋ฆฌ์‹œ์„ค

์ „์ฒด์ž…์ฃผ์ž 2/3 ๋™์˜.

๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์ „์ฒด์ž…์ฃผ์ž 1/2 ๋™์˜.

3.4 ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์ด์ „(์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜) ๊ฐœ์„ ์•ˆ

์‹ ์†ํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„ ์‹ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด์˜ ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ ์‹ค์‹œ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ์Œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ณธ๋ก ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ์—…๋ฌด ์ ˆ์ฐจ ํ๋ฆ„์€ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋˜, ๋‹ค์Œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์—…๋ฌด ๋‹ด๋‹น ์ฃผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. (ํ•œ๊ตญํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณต๋‹จ โ†’ ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์†Œ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€ โ†’ ์‹œยท๊ตฐยท๊ตฌ ์ง€์ž์ฒด) ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์ด์ „ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ด€๋ จ ์„œ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œยท๊ตฐยท๊ตฌ ์ง€์ž์ฒด์˜ ํ–‰์œ„ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ๊ณต์‚ฌ์—…์ฒด๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 8. ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜

Fig. 8. Algorithm for repositioning electric vehicle charging stations in apartment complexes

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3.5 ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์ด์ „(์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜) ํ–ฅ์ƒ์ 

๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์œ„์น˜ ์ด์ „ ํ–‰์ •์  ์ ˆ์ฐจ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์†Œ์š”๋˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๋Š” ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋Š”, ์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๋™์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜์—ฌ ํ–‰์œ„ ์‹ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์— ์‹œยท๊ตฐยท๊ตฌ ์ง€์ž์ฒด ์ฃผ์ฒด ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด์˜ ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์˜ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐˆ์Œํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์€ ๊ตญ๋น„๋กœ ์ง€์›๋ฐ›์€ ๊ณต๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ณผ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค ์ ์šฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•จ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์ด์ „(์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜) ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์—๋„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๊ฒฐ์ • ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์„ฑ, ์‹ ์†์„ฑ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

4. ํ†  ๋ก 

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ์ถฉ์ „๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ํ–‰์ •๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏผ์›๋“ค์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋œ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ์˜ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ๊ณผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์„ค์น˜ ํ˜‘์กฐ(ํ† ์ง€ ์ด์šฉ, ์šฉ๋„๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ๋“ฑ) ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์—์„œ ๋„์ž…ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด์„ ์ฒ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์„ค์น˜ ํ˜‘์กฐ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€์™€ ์ง€์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ธด๋ฐ€ํžˆ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋…ธํ›„ํ™”๋œ ๊ณต๊ณต ๊ธ‰์† ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ต์ฒด ๋ฐ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ณด๋„์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[21]. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ํ–‰์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ–‰์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ๋„์ž…์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ์†ํ•œ ํ–‰์ • ์ง‘ํ–‰๊ณผ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ํ–‰์ •๋ ฅ์„ ์ง‘ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์›ํ•ด ๋ณธ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ ๋„์ž…์œผ๋กœ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ •๋ถ€ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๊ฐ€ ํ™œ๋ฐœํžˆ ์ง„ํ–‰๋  ๋•Œ, ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•œ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ํ–‰์ • ์ง‘ํ–‰์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋ถ€ ๋ก

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€, ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ํ–‰์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณต๋‹จ์˜ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ์‹ ์ฒญ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด์˜ ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ ๊ฐœ์ตœ ํ›„ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€์—์„œ ์‹ฌ์˜์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ตœํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด์˜ ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ ๋ฐ ์‹ฌ์˜์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ ๊ฐœ์ตœ ์‹œ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ธ์น™ ๊ธฐ์ค€ (์ œ1์กฐ, ์—ฌ๋ก ์ˆ˜๋ ด), (์ œ2์กฐ, ์‹ฌ์˜์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ)์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€๋ก์—์„œ ์„ธ์น™์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ํ–‰์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ์˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„์„ฑ์„ ๋„๋ชจํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ–‰์ •์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒ˜๋ถ„์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ ˆ์ฐจ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ฒ˜๋ถ„์ด ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์–ด ๋„๋ฆฌ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ ดํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋  ๋•Œ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰์ •๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ๋ฅผ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰์ •๊ณผ์ •์€ ์‚ฌ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒ˜๋ถ„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ํ–‰์œ„๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์–ด ๋„๋ฆฌ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ ดํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ถ€๋ก์— ํ–‰์ •์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜๋งŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ ํ–‰์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ์„ธ์น™์„ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋‹ค.

์ œ1์กฐ (์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ)

1์กฐ 1ํ•ญ, ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด์„ ์ฃผ๊ด€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ ๊ฐœ์ตœ 7์ผ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ํ™ˆํŽ˜์ด์ง€, ๊ด€๋ณด, ๊ณต๋ฌธ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ง€์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๋ฐ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์ž์ฒด์— ๊ด€๋ จ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํ†ต์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค.

1ํ˜ธ ์ œ๋ชฉ ๋ฐ ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ ์žฅ์†Œ

2ํ˜ธ ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ, ์ฃผ์žฌ์ž, ์˜๊ฒฌ ์‹ ์ฒญ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ์‹ ์ฒญ ๊ธฐํ•œ

3ํ˜ธ ๊ทธ๋ฐ–์— ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ ๊ฐœ์ตœ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์‚ฌํ•ญ

1์กฐ 2ํ•ญ, ์—ฌ๋ก ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ ์ฃผ์žฌ์ž๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ์  ์ง€์‹์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜, ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์‚ฌ, ์ „์ง ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ„์ด‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.

1์กฐ 3ํ•ญ, ์ฃผ์žฌ์ž๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์›ํ™œํ•œ ์ง„ํ–‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฐœํ‘œ ๋ฐ ์˜๊ฒฌ ์ง„์ˆ ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์งˆ์„œ ์œ ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‡ด์ • ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

1์กฐ 4ํ•ญ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ์— ๋ฐœ์˜๋œ ์˜๊ฒฌ๋“ค์„ ์ทจํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค.

1์กฐ 5ํ•ญ, ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ๋Š” ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ตœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

1์กฐ 6ํ•ญ, ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์—ฌ๋ก ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ตœํ•  ์‹œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€๋Š” ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 7์ผ ์ „ ํ›„๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ ์ฃผ์†Œ์— ์ œ1์กฐ 1ํ•ญ์— ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋“ค์„ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ ‘์ˆ˜๋˜๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

1์กฐ 7ํ•ญ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ์—์„œ ์ œ์ถœ๋œ ์˜๊ฒฌ ๋ฐ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ํ™ˆํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค[22, 23, 24].

์ œ2์กฐ (์‹ฌ์˜์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ)

2์กฐ 1ํ•ญ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€๋Š” ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ฌ์˜์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜, ๊ฐœ์ตœํ•œ๋‹ค. 2์กฐ 2ํ•ญ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€๋Š” ์‹ฌ์˜์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์œ„์›์žฅ 1์ธ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋‹น์—ฐ์ง ์œ„์› 10๋ช… ๋‚ด์™ธ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์œ„์›์„ ์œ„์ด‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.

1ํ˜ธ ์‹ฌ์˜์œ„์›ํšŒ ์œ„์›์žฅ์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€ ์†Œ์† 5๊ธ‰ ์ด์ƒ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ž„ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2ํ˜ธ ๋‹น์—ฐ์ง ์œ„์›์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณต๋‹จ ๋ถ€์„œ์žฅ 1์ธ, ๊ด‘์—ญ์ง€์ž์ฒด ํŒ€์žฅ 1์ธ์„ ์„ ์ž„ํ•œ๋‹ค.

3ํ˜ธ ์ „๋ฌธ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์œ„์›์€ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ, ํšŒ๊ณ„์‚ฌ, ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์‚ฌ, ๊ฑด์ถ•์‚ฌ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ํ•™์‹๊ณผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์ž๋ฅผ ์„ ์ž„ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2์กฐ 3ํ•ญ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€๋Š” ์‹ฌ์˜์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ตœ, ๊ณ„ํš ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ, ์œ„์› ์„ ์ž„, ์œ„์› ์ˆ˜๋‹น ๋“ฑ ์šด์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ „์ฒด ์‹ค๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•œ๋‹ค.

2์กฐ 4ํ•ญ ์‹ฌ์˜์กฐ์ •์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐํ˜ธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์‹ฌ์˜์กฐ์ • ํ•œ๋‹ค.

1ํ˜ธ. ํ•œ๊ตญํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณต๋‹จ์˜ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ์‹ ์ฒญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ํŒ๋‹จ

2ํ˜ธ. ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ข…ํ•ฉ ๋ฐ˜์˜

3ํ˜ธ. ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถฉ์ „์†Œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ์ •[5].

๊ฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธ€

This work was supported by Korea Institute of Marine Science & Technology Promotion (KIMST) grant funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (KIMST RS-2021-KS211509).

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์ €์ž์†Œ๊ฐœ

์œคํ˜„์žฌ(Hyunjae Yoon)
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Hyunjae Yoon received the A.S degree from Department of electrical engineering from Inha Technical College, Incheon, South Korea, in 2023. He is currently pursuing the M.S degree from the Department of electrical and computer engineering at Inha University, Incheon, Korea.

๊ณต์˜๋ฏผ(Youngmin Gong)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2025.74.9.1619/au2.png

YoungMin Gong received the B.S degree in from Department of electrical engineering from Inha University, Incheon, South Korea, in 2023. He is currently pursuing the M.S degree from the Department of electrical and computer engineering at Inha University, Incheon, Korea.

์ž„์Šน์ง„(Seungjin Lim)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2025.74.9.1619/au3.png

He was born in Jeju, Republic of Korea, in 2001. He is currently pursuing the B.S. degree in electrical engineering at Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea. He is working with the Intelligent Power Grid Laboratory, where he is involved in research on electric vehicle charging infrastructure planning.

๊น€์ธ์ˆ˜(Insu Kim)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2025.74.9.1619/au4.png

Insu Kim (Mโ€™15) received the Ph.D. degree from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, in 2014. He is currently an Associate Professor of electrical engineering at Inha University in South Korea. His major research interests are (a) analyzing the impact of stochastically distributed renewable energy resources such as photovoltaic systems, wind farms, and microturbines on distribution networks, (b) examining the steady-state and transient behavior of distribution networks under active and reactive power injection by distributed generation systems, and (c) improving power-flow, short-circuit, and harmonic analysis algorithms.