Mobile QR Code QR CODE : The Transactions P of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers

  1. (Department of Electrical Engineering, Gachon University, Korea.)



bus separation method, fault current, fault current reducing method, genetic programming, line separation method

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ ์ƒํ™œ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ „๋ ฅ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด์— ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ๋ฐœ์ „๋ ฅ๋„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๋™ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์—๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ 8.2GW์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ „๋ ฅ์ด 18GW๋กœ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ , ์„œํ•ด์•ˆ์ง€์—ญ์—๋Š” 8GW์ธ ๋ฐœ์ „๋ ฅ์ด 15GW๋กœ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚  ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋‚จํ•ด์•ˆ์ง€์—ญ์—๋„ 6.5GW์˜€๋˜ ๋ฐœ์ „๋ ฅ์ด 10GW๋กœ ํ™•๋Œ€๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค[1]. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐœ์ „๋ ฅ์˜ ์ง‘์ค‘ ์ •๋„๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ์‹ฌํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋” ์‹ฌํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐœ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ์œ„์น˜์ ์ธ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์€ ๋”์šฑ ์‹ฌํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‹ค.

๋ฐœ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ์œ„์น˜์  ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์€ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์†ก์ „์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์†ก์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ ๋ฐ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ์ฆ์„คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ „๋ ฅ์„ค๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์•ˆ์ •๋„๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ์„ค๋น„ ์ฆ์„ค๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์†ก์ „ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์†ก์ „ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์•„์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†ก์ „์†์‹ค ๋˜ํ•œ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์ „์••์•ˆ์ •๋„์™€ ๊ณผ๋„์•ˆ์ •๋„๋Š” ๊ฐœ์„ ๋œ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์†ก์ „์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ์™€ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐœ์ „๋ ฅ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜๊ณ  ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๋ฐ€ํ™”๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฒช๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ˜„์ƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ƒ์ƒ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ปค์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‘๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ฐจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ KEPCO ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์—†์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, 154kV ๋ชจ์„ ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ตœ๋Œ€ 187kA ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋˜๊ณ , 345kV ๋ชจ์„ ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ตœ๋Œ€ 86kA ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•œ๋ฐ” ์žˆ๋‹ค[2]. ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ฐจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” 80kA ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 345kV ๋ฐ 154kV ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์•„ ๋‚ด๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ํ˜„์‹ค์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ทธ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ํด ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์— ๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค.

์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค[3-5]. ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ทธ ์šด์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋งŒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์šด์˜์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ™œ์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๋ณด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ์ž„์˜๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ธ๊ทผ์˜ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ฐ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์•ˆ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์ €ํ•˜์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์†Œ์š”๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ €๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค. ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ๋Š” Ring-busํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋Š์–ด ๋‚ด๋Š” โ€œsplittingโ€ function์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๋ถ„ํ• ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค[6-8]. ๋ณธ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์˜ค๋ž˜์ „์— ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๋ถ„ํ• ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ breaker์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ ๋ณธ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์„ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์–‘์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ธ๊ทผ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ฐ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋Š” ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ โ€œSplittingโ€์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋งŒ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ๊ฐ•์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๋ฅ˜ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ์„ค์น˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๋ฅ˜ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋Š” ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ์— ๊ฐ•์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง๋ ฌ๋กœ Inductor(L)์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ์ง‘์–ด ๋„ฃ์–ด ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์–ด ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์œ ์ž…์„ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ ๋กœ๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋Š ์œ„์น˜์— ์–ผ๋งˆ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค[9-14]. ํ•œ๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์€ ๋น„๊ต์  ์ ์€ ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์งง์€ ๊ณต์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŽ์ด ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง๋ ฌ๋กœ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋Š์–ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํˆฌ์ž…๊ณผ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์šด์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์•ˆ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์ €ํ•˜์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํŠน์ˆ˜์„ค๋น„๋“ค์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด HVDC๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ BTB(Back-to-Back) System์ด๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ AC์„ ๋กœ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” DC์„ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์„ ๋กœ์— BTB์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค[15-18]. BTB์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ ์ชฝ์—์„œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ก ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ฉฐ ์•ˆ์ •๋„๋„ ์ €ํ•˜์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„์‹ธ๊ณ  ๊ฑด์„ค๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๋„ ๊ธธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ์ค‘, ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ„ํ†ต์šด์˜์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์ด์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ์ „ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ (Genetic Programming, GP)[19-23]์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— ๋ชจ์„ ๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํžˆ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ €๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์€ ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํžˆ ๋งŽ๊ณ , ํŠนํžˆ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ดํ›„ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ €๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์€ ๋”์šฑ ๋งŽ์•„์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ชจ์„ /์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์€ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ €๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ตœ์ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋งŽ์ด ์†Œ๋ชจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ /์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์ด๋Š”; ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์šด์˜์— ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๋งŒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ GP์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ์ œํ•œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ €๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ตœ์ ์˜ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ์ถ•์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

2. GP์˜ ๋„์ž…

GP๋Š” 1992๋…„์— John Koza์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ์œ ์ „์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ (genetic algorithm, GA)์— ๊ทธ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[24-17]. GA๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ง„ํ™”๊ณผ์ •์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[14]. GP๊ฐ€ GA์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์€, GA๊ฐ€ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์ง„ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, GP๋Š” ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” Tree ๊ตฌ์กฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. GP๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์šฐ์ˆ˜์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต์—์„œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ €๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๊ธธ์ด์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์ตœ์ ํ™”์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „์—ญ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์œผ๋กœ GP๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.

GP์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์ค‘, initialize ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ค์ •ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ ด์‹œํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋„ ์„ธ์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ €๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋กœ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜œ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ˆ˜๋ ดํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์งˆ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ์ด ์†Œ๋ชจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋งŒ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2.1 ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ƒ์„ฑ

GP์˜ initialize ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” GP๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž„์˜์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ €๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ•œ์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต์—์„œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ดˆ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” 154kV ๋ชจ์„  ๋ฐ ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•œ์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต์— 2020๋…„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ 154kV ๋ชจ์„  ์ˆ˜๋Š” 1,213๊ฐœ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด 2,784๊ฐœ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ดํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋„ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ ํƒ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œํ•œํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์—ฌ์œ ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ €๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๋งŒ์„ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ• ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๋งŒ์„ ์„ ๋ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ƒ์„ธ ์„ ํƒ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2.1.1 ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ

๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ €๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ธฐ์ „, ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ชจ์„ ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์™œ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฐ˜๋น„๋ก€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์••๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์—์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. KEPCO ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” 154kV ์ „์••๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. 154kV ๋ชจ์„ ์—์„œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์œ ์ž… ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์ƒ์œ„ ์ „์••๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์ธ 345kV์—์„œ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์œ ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ €๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” 154kV ๋ชจ์„ ์„ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” 345kV/154kV ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผ์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ด4๊ฐœ์˜ 345kV/154kV ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 154kV ๋ชจ์„ ์„ 1st์™€ 2nd๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ๊ฐ 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ ‘์†์‹œ์ผœ 154kV ํ•œ ๋ชจ์„ ๋‹น ์œ ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์œ ์˜ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ถฉ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‘˜์„ ์ชผ๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— 154kV ์ „์•• ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๊ณ ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 154kV ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์˜ ์†ก์ „์„ ์œผ๋กœ ํ›„๋‹จ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ฒŒ๋” ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์— ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 154kV ํ•˜์œ„ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์œ ์ž…๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํš๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ ๋‚˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๊ณ ์‹œ ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์— ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ•˜์œ„๋‹จ์ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์— ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 154kV ํ•˜์œ„ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋Œ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๊ณ ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ•˜์œ„๋‹จ์„ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์•ˆ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ์ •๋„๋Š” ์ œํ•œ์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1. ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ

Fig. 1 Bus separation method when the transformer capacity is enough

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๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2. ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ

Fig. 2 Bus separation method when the transformer capacity is insufficient

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2.1.2 ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ

์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ชจ์„ ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์„ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•ˆ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์ €ํ•˜์‹œํ‚ฌ ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๋ฐ ์„ ๋กœ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ์„œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๊ณ ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์€ ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ํ•˜์œ„๋‹จ์—์„œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ ์˜ ์„ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3. ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•  ๋•Œ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ

Fig. 3 Line separation method when the transformer capacity is enough

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๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4. ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ

Fig. 4 Line separation method when the transformer capacity is insufficient

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๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4๋Š” ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—์˜ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•œ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชฐ๊ณ , ํ•˜์œ„๋‹จ์—์„œ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๊ณ ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ• ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ถ„ํ•  ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๊ณ ์‹œ์ƒ์˜ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ €๊ฐ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์—์„œ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ชจ์„ ๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์„ ๋ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ํ•œ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ GP์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋”์šฑ ๋†’์ด๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5. ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ €๊ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ฐ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ

Fig. 5 Bus and line separation method for reducing fault current

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2.1.3 ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ง‘๋‹จ ์ƒ์„ฑ

์œ„์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์ค‘ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ R๊ฐœ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ S๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ R + S๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์œ ์ „์ž๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์—ด๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ด์ค‘ ์ž„์˜๋กœ R๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์œ ์ „์ž์™€ S๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฝ‘์•„ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹จ ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6์— ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ฐฐ์—ด๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ํ›„ R+S๊ฐœ์˜ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ€๋ชจ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6. ๋ชจ์„  ๋ฐ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ƒ์„ฑ ๊ณผ์ •

Fig. 6 Gene array configuration plan with bus and line separation method on GP

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GP์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ํฌ๋กœ์Šค์˜ค๋ฒ„ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฎคํ…Œ์ด์…˜ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธธ์ด์˜ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๋Š” ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•ด ๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7์€ ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ํฌ๋กœ์Šค์˜ค๋ฒ„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 8์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด์— ๋žœ๋ค ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฎคํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์„œ๋กœ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ  ์ด์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์–ป์–ด๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ์ง€๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ตœ์ ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด ๋‚ด๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7. GP์—์„œ์˜ ํฌ๋กœ์Šค ์˜ค๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•

Fig. 7 Concept of crossover method on GP

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๊ทธ๋ฆผ 8. GP์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฎคํ…Œ์ด์…˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•

Fig. 8 Concept of mutation method on GP

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2.2 ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜

์„ ํƒ๋œ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ €๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ธ์ง€ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์„ ํƒ๋œ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฐจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜(Tn)๋Š” ์ตœ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•ด๋‹น ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹คํ–‰๋œ ์ดํ›„ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ๋กœ ๋ฐ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜(Un) ๋˜ํ•œ ์ตœ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ์•ˆ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์ €ํ•˜์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์š”์ธ์ด ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ์ˆซ์ž ๋˜ํ•œ ์ตœ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ข‹๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜(R) ๋ฐ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜(S) ๋˜ํ•œ ์ตœ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ข‹๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋„ค๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์— ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์ตœ์ ํ™” ์ˆ˜๋ ด์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ์‹ (1)์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ธ๋‹ค.

(1)
$F ness function =\dfrac{1}{T_{n}+U_{n}+R+S}$

$T_{n}$ : ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ฐจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์ดˆ๊ณผ ๋ชจ์„  ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜

$U_{n}$ : ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ฐ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜

R : ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜

S : ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜

์‹ (1)์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ถ„๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฐ’์ด ์ปค์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ฐ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์ ธ๋„ ๋ถ„๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฐ’์ด ์ปค์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ ํ•ฉ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ฐ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๊ณ ์‹œ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ 0์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ฐ’์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฐจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„์— ํ•œ๋ฅ˜ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ ๋˜๋Š” back to back HVDC ๋“ฑ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ 0์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ฐ’์ด ๋  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜์™€ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž‘์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์šด์˜๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ 0์— ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์šด์˜๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ฐ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์˜ ์ˆ˜์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์šด์˜๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜๋ ด๋˜๊ฒŒ๋” ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์‹ (1)์˜ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด์„œ, ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ ์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ „ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. Tn, Un, R and S ๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋Š” ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ ด์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ฐ’์ด ์„ ์ •๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.

3. ์ ์šฉ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜

๊ณ ์žฅ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™” ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ํ•ด์„์—๋Š” 8์ฐจ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰๊ณ„ํš์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , โ€˜18๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ โ€˜25๋…„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์˜ ํšจ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•ด ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„ํ†ต ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์—์„œ 345kV ๋ชจ์„ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ 345kV ๋ชจ์„ ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ดˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์†Œ๋Š” ์—†๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ , 154kV ๋ชจ์„ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์™€ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํ•ด์„์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐœ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ผœ๊ณ , ๋ฐœ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๊ณผ๋„ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋„๋ก ์„ค์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์šด์˜์— ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ฐจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์ดˆ๊ณผ ๋ชจ์„  ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” Tn์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ฐจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ์ดˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๊ณ ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Tn์€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ 0์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ฐ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜(Un)์—ญ์‹œ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๊ณ ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Un์—ญ์‹œ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ 0์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜ R๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜ S์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ 1๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, 7์ฐจ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰๊ณ„ํš์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์šด์˜๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์˜ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜์™€ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. 7์ฐจ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰๊ณ„ํš์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” 154kV ๋ชจ์„ ์˜ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜๋Š” 37๊ฐœ์—์„œ 44๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜๋Š” 64๊ฐœ์—์„œ 80๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ํ•ด์„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ยฑ20 ์ •๋„๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜ R์€ 30 ~ 70๊ฐœ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜ S๋Š” 40 ~ 80๊ฐœ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ 2.1.1๊ณผ 2.1.2์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋Œ€๋กœ ์„ ํƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ(Selected gene method)๊ณผ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์ „์ฒด์— ์†ํ•ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ(Whole gene method) ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ํฌ๋กœ์Šค์˜ค๋ฒ„์œจ์€ 95%, ๋ฎคํ…Œ์ด์…˜์œจ์€ 1%๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 500์„ธ๋Œ€๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ โ€˜22๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ โ€˜25๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด 4๊ฐœ ์—ฐ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋งค ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋„๋ก ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 9. 2022๋…„ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— GP๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Fig. 9 Result of GP for minimize fitness function (2022)

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๊ทธ๋ฆผ 10. 2023๋…„ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— GP๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Fig. 10 Result of GP for minimize fitness function (2023)

../../Resources/kiee/KIEEP.2022.71.1.1/fig10.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 11. 2024๋…„ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— GP๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Fig. 11 Result of GP for minimize fitness function (2024)

../../Resources/kiee/KIEEP.2022.71.1.1/fig11.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 12. 2025๋…„ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— GP๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Fig. 12 Result of GP for minimize fitness function (2025)

../../Resources/kiee/KIEEP.2022.71.1.1/fig12.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 9์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 12๋Š” ๊ฐ ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— GP๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์˜ X์ถ•์€ interation ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, Y์ถ•์€ Tn+Un ๊ฐ’์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์—์„œ selected gene method๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Tn + Un ์˜ ๊ฐ’์„ 0์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, whole gene method๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” 500์„ธ๋Œ€์˜ iteration์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ๋„ Tn+Un์„ 0์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ iteration์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด whole gene method๋„ Tn+Un์„ 0์— ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ GP์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์†Œ์š”๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ป์–ด์ง„ ๊ฐ ์—ฐ๋„์˜ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜(R)๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜(S)๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜ ํ‘œ1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„๋กœ R๊ฐ’๊ณผ S๊ฐ’์€ 56 ~ 69๊ฐœ์˜ ์ˆ˜ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” 7์ฐจ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰๊ณ„ํš์— ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ปค์กŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 1 ์—ฐ๋„ ๋ณ„ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ˆ˜(R) ๋ฐ ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜(S)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Table 1 Result of the final # of R and S

Year

Final # of bus separation method

Final # of line separation method

2022

64

64

2023

69

63

2024

68

63

2025

66

64

๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์—ฌ ์ฐจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์€ ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ด๋ฅผ GP ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์‹์„ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋ฉด GP์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. GP๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ €๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ–ฅํ›„ 9์ฐจ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰๊ณ„ํš์—์„œ๋„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ €๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ณ„์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ €๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ค‘ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ €๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” GP ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜์™€ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ GA๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ค‘ ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ €๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์–ป์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์ค‘ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์šด์˜๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ž„์œผ๋กœ์จ GP ์ตœ์ ํ™”์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

GP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์€ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ชจ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ €๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ–ฅํ›„ GP์˜ ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œํ•œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด GP์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋”์šฑ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰๊ณ„ํš DB๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋Œ€์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning under Grant 20193510100040 and Korea Electric Power Corporation. (Grant number: R21XO01-31)

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์ €์ž์†Œ๊ฐœ

ํ•œ์ƒ์šฑ(Sangwook Han)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEEP.2022.71.1.1/au1.png

Sangwook Han was born in Seoul, Korea, in 1982. He received B.S., M.S. and Ph.D degrees in Electrical Engineering from Korea University, Seoul, Korea in 2004, 2006 and 2012 respec- tively. He worked as a senior researcher in KEPRI, Daejeon, Korea, which was research institute of KEPCO from 2012 to 2016. He worked as an assistant professor in Dong Seoul University, Seongnam-si, Korea, from 2016 to 2021. He is currently an assistant professor in Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Korea, since 2021. His current research interest includes analysis, planning, calculation of power systems.