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Mobile QR Code QR CODE : The Transactions P of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers

  1. (R&D Strategy office, KEPCO Research Institute, Korea. E-mail : hwanik.lee@kepco.co.kr)
  2. (Department of Electrical Engineering, Dongyang Mirae Univerity, Korea. E-mail : dshyun@dongyang.ac.kr)



BTB VSC HVDC, Line overload, Transmission loss, Preventive action scheme, Remedial action scheme

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ์€ ์ „์ฒด ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์ด ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ๋„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋ ฅ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์†กโธณ๋ณ€์ „์„ค๋น„์˜ ๋ฐ€์ง‘์€ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ดˆ๊ณผ์™€ ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์•ˆ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ €ํ•˜๋˜์–ด ๊ด‘์—ญ์ •์ „์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„œ์šธ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์–‘์ฃผ 345kV ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์— BTB VSC HVDC๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ถ๋ถ€์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ณ„ํ†ตํ˜„์•ˆ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋‹ค. BTB VSC HVDC๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ €๊ฐ๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ชจ์„  ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์šด์ „์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, VSC HVDC์˜ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ ๋กœ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ, ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์†์‹ค ๊ฐ์†Œ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ถ๋ถ€์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ „์••์•ˆ์ •๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค[1][2][3].

ํ˜„์žฌ, ํˆฌ์ž…์˜ˆ์ •์ธ BTB VSC HVDC๋Š” DC ์ „์•• ยฑ120kV์— ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ์ •๊ฒฉ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ยฑ200MW ์„ค๋น„์ด๋‹ค[4]. BTB VSC HVDC์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๊ฒฉ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ถ๋ถ€์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์•ˆ์ •๋„ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„ํ†ต์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ์–‘์ฃผ 345kV ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ทผ๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ์ „์••์œ„๋ฐ˜, ๊ณ„ํ†ต์†์‹ค, ์„ ๋กœ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์„ ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ œ์–ด ์ „๋žต

๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ถ๋ถ€์ง€์—ญ์€ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ €๊ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์šด์ „์„ ์ ์šฉ ์ค‘์— ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์šด์ „์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฝ๋œ๋‹ค. BTB VSC HVDC๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ์„  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ๊ฐœ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์šด์ „์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, BTB VSC HVDC๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ AC๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ €๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์–‘์ฃผ BTB VSC HVDC ์„ค์น˜๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ €๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ, ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์ ์šฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์˜ํ–ฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ƒ์‹œ ์šด์ „์  ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋น„์ƒ์‹œ ์šด์ „์ „๋žต์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์†์‹ค์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ค๋น„์˜ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์†์‹ค ์ตœ์†Œ ์šด์ „์ ์€ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์ „์ฒด ์†์‹ค ์ตœ์†Œํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ HVDC์˜ ์šด์ „์ ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋•Œ, ์–‘๋‹จ์—์„œ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์ด ๊ณผ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜์–ด ์ „์••์œ ์ง€๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ์šด์ „์ ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๋น„ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๋„๋ก ๋™์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ํ•ด์†Œ ์šด์ „์ ์€ ์†์‹ค ์ตœ์†Œํ™” ์šด์ „์ด ์ ์šฉ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ, ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ์—๋„ ์„ค๋น„ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†์‹ค ์ตœ์†Œ์™€ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ํ•ด์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค[5][6].

2.1 ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด(Preventive Action Scheme, PAS)

HVDC๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ต๋ฅ˜์ œ์–ด์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ ์„ ๋กœ์— ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์กฐ๋ฅ˜์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •์ƒ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์†์‹ค์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ ๊ฐ ์„ ๋กœ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•ด์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์†์‹ค ์ตœ์†Œํ™”์™€ ์„ ๋กœ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ํ•ด์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ฃผ HVDC์˜ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด๋Š” ์ƒ์ • ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์šด์ „์ž์˜ HVDC ์šด์ „์  ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ณ„ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ํ•ด์†Œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ HVDC ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” HVDC๋ฅผ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” HVDC ์šด์˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์šด์ „์  ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ๊ณ„ํ†ต์šด์˜์ž ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ HVDC ์šด์˜์„ ์šฉ์ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ํ•ด์†Œ ์šด์ „์  ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์†์‹ค์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์šด์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, 2.2์—์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต์ • ์ œ์–ด์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •์ƒ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์†์‹ค์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์šด์ „ ํšจ์œจ์ด ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1. ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์„ ์ • ๊ฐœ๋…

Fig. 1. Concept of optimal operating point selection according to preventive action scheme

../../Resources/kiee/KIEEP.2023.72.4.326/fig1.png

๋‹ค์Œ์˜ Flow-Chart๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ€ํ†  ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋Š” ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณ„ํ†ต DB์— ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃผ์š” ์„ค๋น„์˜ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด BTB VSC HVDC์˜ ์šด์ „์ ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ์šด์ „ ์˜์—ญ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์–‘์ฃผ HVDC์˜ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ธ โ€“200MW~200MW์—์„œ 10MW ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์šด์ „์ ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ์šด์ „ ์˜์—ญ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ ์ผ€์ด์Šค๋ณ„ ์˜์—ญ์˜ ๊ต์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์šด์ „์˜์—ญ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ ์ •๋œ ์šด์ „์˜์—ญ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์†์‹ค์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด์—์„œ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ์–‘์ฃผ HVDC์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2. ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์„ ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ Flow โ€“Chart

Fig. 2. Flow-Chart for selecting the optimal operating point according to preventive action scheme

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์ด ๋•Œ, ์–‘์ฃผ HVDC์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šด์ „์  ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐœ์ „๋ ฅ ์กฐ์ ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์„ ๋กœ ๊ฑด์„ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์„ค๋น„ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์— ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋‘์–ด ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„ ์ƒ์ •๊ณ ์žฅ๋“ค์˜ ๊ต์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3. ๊ต์ •์ œ์–ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์„ ์ • ๊ฐœ๋…

Fig. 3. Concept of optimal operating point selection according to remedial action scheme

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2.2 ๊ต์ •์ œ์–ด(Remedial Action Scheme, RAS)

๊ต์ •์ œ์–ด๋Š” ์ •์ƒ ์ƒํƒœ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์šด์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ HVDC ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์šด์˜ ํšจ์œจ์€ ์ƒ์‹œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์ „์ฒด ์†์‹ค ์ตœ์†Œํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ HVDC ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ์šด์ „์  ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ด ๋•Œ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์™ธ๋ž€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ „์ ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ •์ƒ ์ƒํƒœ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์šด์˜์„ ์ตœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์™ธ๋ž€์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์šด์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์™ธ๋ž€์„ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ†ต์‹ ์ƒ์˜ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์šด์ „์  ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ HVDC ์šด์˜์ž์˜ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4์˜ Flow-Chart๋Š” ๊ต์ •์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ€ํ†  ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณ„ํ†ต DB์— ์ •์ƒ์ƒํƒœ ์‹œ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์šด์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ HVDC ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ƒ์‹œ์†์‹ค ์ตœ์†Œํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์–‘์ฃผ HVDC์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ธ -200MW~200MW์—์„œ 10MW ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์šด์ „์ ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์™ธ๋ž€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ ์šด์ „์ ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด์™€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ชจ์˜๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4. ๊ต์ •์ œ์–ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์„ ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ Flow-Chart

Fig. 4. Flow-chart for selecting the optimal operating point according to remedial action scheme

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์–‘์ฃผ BTB VSC HVDC๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋„์ž…๋˜๋Š” BTB VSC HVDC์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ„ํ†ต์šด์˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ„ํ†ต์šด์˜์ž์˜ ์šด์˜ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ , ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์˜๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3. ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์„ ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

3.1 ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต DB ์„ ์ •

์–‘์ฃผ BTB VSC HVDC ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์„ ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–‘์ฃผ HVDC์˜ ์ •๊ฒฉ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ธ โ€“200MW ~200MW์—์„œ 10MW ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์šด์ „์ ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต DB๋Š” HVDC๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๋„ (2023๋…„, 2026๋…„), ๋ถ€ํ•˜์ˆ˜์ค€(60%, 100%), ์ฃผ์š” ๋ฐœ์ „๊ธฐ ์šด์ „ ์กฐ๊ฑด(์ผ์‚ฐCC, ์„œ์šธCC)์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ ์ •๋œ 10๊ฐœ์˜ DB ์กฐ๊ฑด์— HVDC ์šด์ „๋Ÿ‰์„ 10MW ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์†์‹ค ๋ฐ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์„ ์ •๋œ DB์ผ€์ด์Šค์˜ ์ƒ์„ธ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 1 ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ 10๊ฐœ DB

Table 1 10 DBโ€™s for simulation review

No.

์ƒ์„ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ

Case 1

2023 - 60% ์ผ์‚ฐoff/์„œ์šธoff

Case 2

2023 - 100% ์ผ์‚ฐoff/์„œ์šธoff

Case 3

2023 - 100% ์ผ์‚ฐoff/์„œ์šธon

Case 4

2023 - 100% ์ผ์‚ฐon/์„œ์šธoff

Case 5

2023 - 100% ์ผ์‚ฐon/์„œ์šธon

Case 6

2026 - 60% ์ผ์‚ฐoff/์„œ์šธoff

Case 7

2026 - 100% ์ผ์‚ฐoff/์„œ์šธoff

Case 8

2026 - 100% ์ผ์‚ฐoff/์„œ์šธon

Case 9

2026 - 100% ์ผ์‚ฐon/์„œ์šธoff

Case 10

2026 - 100% ์ผ์‚ฐon/์„œ์šธon

์„ ์ •๋œ ๊ณ„ํ†ตDB์— ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ๋ถ๋ถ€ ์ธ๊ทผ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์„ ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ผ€์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„ํ†ตํ•ด์„ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ PSS/E์™€ Python์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋™์—ฐ์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ณ„ํ†ต DB์— ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์•• ๋ฒ”์œ„/๋Œ€์ƒ ์ง€์—ญ, ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์„ค์ • ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ’, ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์œ ํ˜•(N-1, N-2) ๋“ฑ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[7].

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5๋Š” Case 7์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ HVDC์˜ ์šด์ „์  ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ 41Case๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ  349Case๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๋•Œ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ๋ถ๋ถ€์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์„ ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐœ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” HVDC ์šด์ „๋Ÿ‰์„ ์„ ํƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์„ ํƒ๋œ HVDC ์šด์ „์˜์—ญ์˜ ๊ต์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์–‘์ฃผ BTB VSC HVDC์˜ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5. ์ž๋™์—ฐ์‚ฐ ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์˜ˆ(Case 7)

Fig. 5. Example of automatic calculation simulation results (Case 7)

../../Resources/kiee/KIEEP.2023.72.4.326/fig5.png

3.2 ๊ฐ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ณ„ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ

๊ฐ ๊ณ„ํ†ต DB์ผ€์ด์Šค๋ณ„๋กœ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์„ ์ • ์ž๋™๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€ Case 7์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜์œจ์€ 120%๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6. ์ž๋™์—ฐ์‚ฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„(Case 7)

Fig. 6. Automatic calculation results and overloaded line analysis (Case 7)

../../Resources/kiee/KIEEP.2023.72.4.326/fig6.png

์–‘์ฃผ BTB VSC HVDC์˜ ์ •๊ฒฉ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ณ„ํ†ต ๊ทœ๋ชจ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์€ ยฑ200MW์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Case 7์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์šด์ „์ ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์—ฌ๋„ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์†Œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์ด 5๊ฐœ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์™ธ๋ž€์€ HVDC๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์–‘์ฃผ BTB VSC HVDC์˜ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์„ ์ •์—๋Š” ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 2 HVDC ์šด์ „์  ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์†Œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ  (Case 7)

Table 2 Contingency in which overload cannot be resolved by changing the HVDC operating point (Case 7)

No.

์ƒ์ • ์‚ฌ๊ณ 

1

๋ฏธ์•„-์›๋‚จ 1ckt

2

๋ฏธ์•„-์Œ๋ฌธ 1ckt

3

๋ฏธ๊ธˆ3-๋™์„œ์šธ3 1ckt

4

์–‘์ฃผ3-์ค‘๋ถ€3 2ckt

5

๋ฏธ๊ธˆ3-์„ฑ๋™3 2ckt

๊ฐ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์„ ๋กœ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ต์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7์€ Case 7์—์„œ ์ƒ์ •๊ณ ์žฅ 1,2๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์šด์ „์ ์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค.

Case 7์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ต์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์˜์—ญ์€ โ€“60MW~-100MW์ด ์„ ์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์‹œ๊ณ„ํ†ต์†์‹ค(์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ์†์‹ค)์„ ์—ฐ์‚ฐํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋œ ์ „์••ํ˜• HVDC๋Š” ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์–ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •์ „์•„๋ชจ๋“œ์˜ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ์ œ์–ด๋กœ ์–‘์ฃผ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ทผ๋ฐฉ์˜ ์ „์••์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋œ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์†์‹ค์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์„ ์ •์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ‘œ 3์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7์—์„œ ์„ ์ •๋œ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์˜์—ญ์˜ ์šด์ „์ ์—์„œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์†์‹ค์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ‘œ 3์—์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด HVDC ์šด์ „์ ์ด -100MW์ผ ๋•Œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์†์‹ค์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Case 7์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์€ โ€“100MW๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7. ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ณ„ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์˜์—ญ(Case 7)

Fig. 7. Optimal operation area for each contingency (Case 7)

../../Resources/kiee/KIEEP.2023.72.4.326/fig7.png

ํ‘œ 3 HVDC ์šด์ „์ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์†์‹ค (Case7)

Table 3 System loss according to HVDC operating point (Case 7)

Case Name

๊ณ„ํ†ต์†์‹ค(MW)

10_CASE7_-100MW

1329.539

10_CASE7_-90MW

1329.614

10_CASE7_-80MW

1329.693

10_CASE7_-70MW

1329.776

10_CASE7_-60MW

1329.863

3.3 BTB VSC HVDC ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์„ ์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Case 1~6์€ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์˜ ๊ต์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” Case 7~10์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ BTB VSC HVDC์˜ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ‘œ 3์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ Case ๋ณ„ ์„ ์ •๋œ BTB VSC HVDC์˜ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 4 ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์–‘์ฃผ BTB VSC HVDC์˜ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ 

Table 4 Optimal operating point of Yangju BTB VSC HVDC according to preventive action scheme

Case No.

์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ (MW)

Case 7

-100MW

Case 8

-60MW

Case 9

200MW

Case 10

200MW

4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์ƒ์šฉ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์–‘์ฃผ BTB VSC HVDC์˜ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. BTB VSC HVDC๊ฐ€ ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ถ๋ถ€ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์€ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณ„ํ†ต ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์•ˆ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ €ํ•˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„คํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ BTB VSC HVDC๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. BTB VSC HVDC๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ €๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ „์••ํ˜• HVDC์˜ ์œ ๋ฌดํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ๋…๋ฆฝ ์ œ์–ด์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์•ˆ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์–‘์ฃผ BTB VSC HVDC ์„ค์น˜๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ €๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ, HVDC์˜ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์  ์šด์ „์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์•ˆ์ •๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์—์„œ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ HVDC ์šด์˜์ž์— ์šด์˜ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ œ์–ด๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์„ค๋น„๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์šด์ „์ ์˜ ๊ต์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์˜์—ญ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์ƒ์‹œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์†์‹ค์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์šด์ „์ ์„ BTB VSC HVDC์˜ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„, ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ณ„, ๋ฐœ์ „๊ธฐ์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด๋ณ„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ€์ด์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒŒ์ด์ฌ๊ณผ PSS/E๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ž๋™๋ฐ˜๋ณต๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ผ€์ด์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ƒ์ •์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์„ค๋น„ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์†์‹ค์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ฃผ BTB VSC HVDC์˜ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ–ฅํ›„, ์„ค๋น„ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜์™€ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์†์‹ค ์ด์™ธ์— ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์œตํ†ต์กฐ๋ฅ˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ, ๊ณผ๋„ ์•ˆ์ •๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ HVDC์˜ ์ตœ์  ์šด์ „์ ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

This work was researched with support from the 2021 Dong Seoul National University Industry-Academic Cooperation Research Support Center. and was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(MIST) (No. 2021R1F1A1063235)

References

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Jihun Kim and Hongjoo Jung โ€œCurrent status of MMC type voltage type HVDC control system and converter system technology development,โ€ KIPE Magazine, vol.21, no.1, pp.40-47, February, 2016.URL
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CIGRE Study Committee B4-WG 37, VSC Transmission, 269, 2005.URL
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Cigre-Brazil B4 โ€œTutorial on VSC in Transmission Systems, HVDC & FACTS, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,โ€ October 6~7, 2009.URL
4 
Jihun Kim, Younghee Park, Hyun-ho Yu, and Hongjoo Jung, โ€œDesign of 200MW VSC-HVDC System applied MMC topology,โ€ the 54th KIEE Summer Conference, pp. 313-314, March 2018.URL
5 
C. W. Taylor, โ€œPower system voltage stability,โ€ McGraw-Hill, 1994.URL
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P. Kundur, Power System Stability, and Control, EPRI Power System Engineering. New Work : Mcgraw-Hill, 1994URL
7 
PTI Software Solutions, PSS/E 33.10's user manualURL

์ €์ž์†Œ๊ฐœ

์ดํ™˜์ต(Hwanik Lee)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEEP.2023.72.4.326/au1.png

He received a B.S. and Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from Korea University in Korea in 2011 and 2018. He joined in Strategic Planning Department of the Korea Electric Power Corporation(KEPCO) and he was in charge of analyzing national energy policies and establishing mid- to long-term strategies for the power systems. Subsequently, he worked at KEPCO Economy & Management Research Institute, focusing on the development and proposal of national energy policies. Following that, he participated as a visiting researcher in the field of renewable energy-integrated power system operation and planning at EPRI. Currently, he is in charge of establishment of R&D strategy and developing the project portfolio as part of R&D Project Development team at the KEPCO Research Institute. He is interested in bulk power system analysis integrated with IBR.

E-mail : hwanik.lee@kepco.co.kr

ํ˜„๋‘์ˆ˜(Doosoo Hyun)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEEP.2023.72.4.326/au2.png

He received the B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Korea University, Seoul, Korea, in 2009, 2011, and 2016 respectively. He worked as an intern researcher on condition monitoring of electric machines at Baker Instrument Company, Fort Collins, CO, USA, the Austrian Institute of Technology, Wien, Austria, and the University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France, in 2011, 2012, and 2014, respectively. He has been an Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering at Dongyang Mirae University since 2016. His research interests include condition monitoring, diagnostics, and analysis of electric machinery.

E-mail : dshyun@dongyang.ac.kr

๊น€์ง€ํ›ˆ(Jihun Kim)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEEP.2023.72.4.326/au3.png

He received B.S., M.S. and Ph.D degrees in Electrical Engineering from Korea University, Seoul, Korea in 2007, 2009 and 2014 respectively.

He worked as a principal Manager in HYOSUNG Power& Industrial System R&D Center, which was research institute of HYOSUNG Corporation from 2014 to 2020. He is currently an assistant professor in Dong Seoul University, Seongnam-si, Korea, since 2020. He is currently researching the stability problem of the power system through IBR connection.

E-mail : jihunkim@du.ac.kr