Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering

  1. ๊ฒฝํฌ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ์„์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ • ( Graduate Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, KyungHee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Korea )
  2. ๊ฒฝํฌ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ํ•™์ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ต์ˆ˜ ( R&D Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KyungHee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Korea )
  3. ๊ฒฝํฌ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜ ( Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KyungHee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Korea )



Forced ventilation(๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ), Energy Recovery Ventilation(ERV, ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜), Cooling load(๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜), Heating load(๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜), Occupant density(์žฌ์‹ค์ž ๋ฐ€๋„), COVID-19(์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19)

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

์พŒ์ ํ•œ ์‹ค๋‚ด๊ณต๊ธฐ์งˆ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค๋‚ด์˜ ์˜ค์—ผ๋œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํ™˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ํ™œ๋™ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ• ์ž์žฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์˜ค์—ผ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์€ ์‹ค๋‚ด์— ๊ณ„์† ์Œ“์ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ ํŠนํžˆ ํ˜ธํก์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ถ•์ ๋˜๋ฉด ์žฌ์‹ค์ž์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์œ„ํ˜‘์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ์œ ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ธ COVID-19๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ์—ผ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์ ‘์ด‰์ด ์—†์–ด๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์—ผ๋  ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ(1,2) ์ด๋ ‡๋“ฏ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „ํŒŒ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค.(3) ํŠนํžˆ ๋ƒ‰ยท๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๊ฐ€๋™์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋‚ญ๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Ÿด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” ๋ƒ‰ยท๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‹ค๋‚ด์—์„œ ๊ณ„์† ๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ˆœํ™˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ ํ™•์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๊ฐ์—ผ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ปค์ง„๋‹ค.(4)

Fig. 1 Schematic of ERV.(5)
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2020.32.8.405/fig1.png

ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐํ™˜๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ž์—ฐํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ์˜จ๋„์ฐจ, ๋ฐ€๋„์ฐจ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ’์••์ฐจ๋กœ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๊ฐœ๊ตฌ๋ถ€ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹ค๋‚ดยท์™ธ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์†กํ’๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๊ตฌ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‹ค๋‚ด๋กœ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ค๋‚ด๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์žฅ์น˜์—๋Š” ํ™˜๊ธฐํŒฌ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์—ฐํ™˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ ๋ƒ‰ยท๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋œ ์‹ค๋‚ด๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚ญ๋น„๋  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•„์š”ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋งŒ์กฑ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ณด์žฅ์ด ์—†๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ํ™˜๊ธฐํŒฌ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•„์š”ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋งŒ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ž์—ฐํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋” ํฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†์‹ค์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜(Energy Recovery Ventilator, ERV)์ด๋‹ค. ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํŒํ˜•๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋žต๋„๋ฅผ Fig. 1์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰ยท๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•จ๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์žฌ์‹ค์ž์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์œ„ํ˜‘์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ค๋‚ด๊ณต๊ธฐ ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 2000๋…„๋Œ€ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์— ๋„์ž…๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜์— ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ์™€ ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋™ํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ Lee et al.(6)์€ ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์ „์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์žฅ์ฐฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์•ฝ 5%์˜ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฐ 10%์˜ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Song et al.(7)์€ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ์šด์ „ ์‹œ ์ „์—ด๊ตํ™˜์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ์‹œ ์‹ค๋‚ดยท์™ธ ์˜จ๋„์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํด์ˆ˜๋ก ์ „์—ด๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ์ด ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‹ค๋‚ด์˜ ํ™˜๊ธฐํšจ์œจ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ(8) ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€ ๋ฐ ์‹ค๋‚ด CO2 ๋†๋„๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ œ์–ด์ „๋žต์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.(9)

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์ค‘์ด์šฉ์—…์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ƒ‰ยท๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„๊ตยท๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2. ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ƒ‰ยท๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด TRNSYS18(10)์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ๋‹ค์ค‘์ด์šฉ์—…์†Œ์ธ ์นดํŽ˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ž…๋ ฅ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์€ Table 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์ƒ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” TRNSYS18 ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์— ๋‚ด์žฅ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์„œ์šธ์ง€์—ญ TMY2๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฒฝ์ฒด์™€ ์ฐฝํ˜ธ์˜ ์—ด๊ด€๋ฅ˜์œจ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์ ˆ์•ฝ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€(๊ณ ์‹œ 2017-881)(11)์„ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ค๋‚ด ์˜จยท์Šต๋„๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณต๋‹จ์˜ ์ ˆ์ „๋งค๋‰ด์–ผ(12)์„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ(11์›” 1์ผ~3์›” 31์ผ)์—๋Š” 20โ„ƒ/40%, ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ(6์›” 1์ผ~9์›” 30์ผ)์—๋Š” 26โ„ƒ/50%๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์€ 0.1h์ด๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰ยท๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์€ ์˜ค์ „ 10์‹œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜คํ›„ 11์‹œ๊นŒ์ง€, ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Š” 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์žฌ์‹ค์ž ๋ฐ€๋„๋Š” 0.24 person/m$^{2}$์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์— ์ตœ๋Œ€ 50๋ช…์˜ ์žฌ์‹ค์ž๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.(13) ์ด๋•Œ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ๋™์•ˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์žฌ์‹ค์ž ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์žฌ์‹ค์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ์„œ Fig. 2์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์นดํŽ˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ์—, ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์žฌ์‹ค์ž ๋ฐ€๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฐ์ •์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์˜ ์„ค๋น„๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™(14)์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์€ 1์ธ๋‹น 30 CMH๋กœ ์ด 1500 CMH(์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น 1.7ํšŒ, 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€๋™)๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ Fig. 2์˜ ์žฌ์‹ค์ž ๋ณ€ํ™”, ์ฆ‰ CO2 ๋†๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์นดํŽ˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ‰์ผ ์ƒˆ๋ฒฝ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜ค์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์žฌ์‹ค์ž ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ ์‹ฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ €๋…์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ๋ง์—๋Š” ์ ์‹ฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ €๋…์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ „ํ›„๋กœ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌ์‹ค์ž ์ตœ๋Œ€์ธ์› 50๋ช…์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ „์ฒด ์žฌ์‹ค์ž ๋ฐ€๋„๋ฅผ Fig. 2์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Table 1. Building Model and Simulation Input Conditions

../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2020.32.8.405/tbl1.png

Fig. 2 Schedule of occupancy ratio based on 50 people.
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2020.32.8.405/fig2.png

์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(์นจ์ž…๊ณต๊ธฐ๋งŒ 0.2ํšŒ/์‹œ๊ฐ„)์™€ ํ™˜๊ธฐํŒฌ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ๋ƒ‰ยท๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ ํ™˜๊ธฐํŒฌ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ์ œ์–ด ์—†์ด ์ตœ๋Œ€ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋™์‹œํ‚จ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ์žฌ์‹ค์ž ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค๋‚ด CO2 ๋†๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ํŒํ˜•๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ์•ฝํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ „์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ์—ด๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ, ์ฆ‰ ์˜จ๋„๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ๊ณผ ์Šต๋„๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค. ์˜จ๋„๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ($\eta_{t}$)๊ณผ ์Šต๋„๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ($\eta_{x}$)์„ ์‹(1)๊ณผ ์‹(2)์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. $T_{OA}$, $T_{SA}$, $T_{RA}$ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  $T_{EA}$๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์™ธ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋„, ๊ณต๊ธ‰์˜จ๋„, ํšŒ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋„์ด๋ฉฐ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„๋Š” $x$๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€ ๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์—ด๊ตํ™˜์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ด๊ตํ™˜์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ • ํ•˜์— OA(Outer Air)์—์„œ SA(Supply Air)๋กœ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ RA(Return Air)์—์„œ EA(Exhaust Air)๋กœ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์Šต๊ณต๊ธฐ์„ ๋„์—์„œ ์„œ๋กœ ํ‰ํ–‰์„ ์ด๋ฃฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ์™ธ๊ธฐ์™€ ์‹ค๋‚ด ์กฐ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ด๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๊ณต๊ธฐ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋„์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(1)
$$\eta_{t}=\dfrac{T_{OA}- T_{SA}}{T_{OA}- T_{RA}}=\dfrac{T_{EA}- T_{RA}}{T_{OA}- T_{RA}}$$

(2)
$$\eta_{x}=\dfrac{x_{OA}- x_{SA}}{x_{OA}- x_{RA}}=\dfrac{x_{EA}- x_{RA}}{x_{OA}- x_{RA}}$$

์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜ ์ปดํฌ๋„ŒํŠธ๋กœ์„œ โ€œconstant effectiveness-minimum capacitanceโ€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ธ Type667b๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, Table 2์— ์‹œํŒ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŒํ˜•๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ ์ œ์›์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰ยท๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ์‹œ ํŒํ˜•๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์˜จยท์Šต๋„๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŒํ˜•๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์˜จ๋„๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ์€ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์Šต๋„๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ์—์„œ ํšŒ์ „ํ˜•์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ธฐํŒฌ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ๋ƒ‰ยท๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด, ํ™˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์žฅ์น˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ๋ถ€ํ•˜์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Table 2. Specification of energy recovery ventilator

Plate

Sensible effectiveness

69.9%(Cooling)

78.6%(Heating)

Latent effectiveness

34.5%(Cooling)

56.3%(Heating)

Total effectiveness

51.5%(Cooling)

71.8%(Heating)

Rotary

Sensible effectiveness

71.8%(Cooling)

80.7%(Heating)

Latent effectiveness

74.6%(Cooling)

80.0%(Heating)

Total effectiveness

73.3%(Cooling)

80.4%(Heating)

3. ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„

3.1 ํ•˜๊ณ„ ์šด์ „ ์‹œ

ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ Fig. 3(a)์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด 34.7 GJ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ˜„์—ด์€ ์•ฝ 62%(21.5 GJ), ์ž ์—ด์€ 38%(13.2 GJ)๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋™์ผํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์—์„œ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์ธ 1500 CMH๋กœ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ฆ‰ ์žฌ์‹ค์ž ๋ฐ€๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ)์™€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ์žฌ์‹ค์ž ๋ฐ€๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ CO2 ๋†๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ(ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ)๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ 74.3 GJ, 47.8 GJ์ด๋‹ค. ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์ž ์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์žฌ์‹ค์ž์˜ ๋ฐœ์—ด๊ณผ ์ผ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ์™ธ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์•„์ ธ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ๋‹ค. ์ž ์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ 4.8๋ฐฐ ๋†’์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

ํŒํ˜•๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” 44.8 GJ, 37.8 GJ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž ์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์•ž์„œ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜จ๋„(26โ„ƒ) ๋ณด๋‹ค ์™ธ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋„ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…๋œ๋‹ค. ํŒํ˜•๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ž ์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ 24.6 GJ, 17.5 GJ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ(29.7 GJ)์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ž ์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” 17.2%, 41.1% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ํ˜„์—ด์˜ ํšŒ์ˆ˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž ์—ด์˜ ํšŒ์ˆ˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜์— ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 3 Cooling/Heating load according to the ventilation method.
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2020.32.8.405/fig3.png

Table 3. Load(GJ) according to ventilation method

Ventialtion method

Cooling

Heating

Sensible load

Latent load

Total load

Sensible load

Latent load

Total load

No ventilation

21.5

13.2

34.7

7.3

1.7

9.0

Forced ventilation with no control

11.5

62.8

74.3

112.0

32.9

144.9

Forced ventilation with control

18.1

29.7

47.8

44.3

11.9

56.2

Plate ERV

20.2(11.6%)

24.6(-17.2%)

44.8(-6.3%)

14.7(-66.8%)

4.4(-63.0%)

19.1(-66.0%)

Rotary ERV

20.3(12.2%)

17.5(-41.1%)

37.8(-20.9%)

14.0(-68.4%)

2.0(-83.2%)

16.0(-71.5%)

ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํŒํ˜•์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋†’์€ ์Šต๋„๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์ €๊ฐ์— ๋”์šฑ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ํ˜„์—ด๊ณผ ์ž ์—ด์„ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ด ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ์œจ์„ Table 3์— ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์†์— ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, CO2 ๋†๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ํŒํ˜• 6.3%, ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• 20.9% ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์ค‘์ด์šฉ์—…์†Œ์—์„œ ์ถœ์ž…๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ์‹œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋‚ญ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ํด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์—๋Š” ์ด๊ฒฌ์ด ์—†๋‹ค. ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๋Š” 1์ธ๋‹น 30 CMH ์ดํ•˜์˜ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ค์ค‘์ด์šฉ ์—…์†Œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ์•ฝ ๋ฐ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰ ํ™•๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๋„์ž…์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ผ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

3.2 ๋™๊ณ„ ์šด์ „ ์‹œ

๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ Fig. 3(b)์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” 9.0 GJ์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์—ด์€ ์•ฝ 81%(7.3 GJ), ์ž ์—ด์€ 19%(1.7 GJ)๋กœ ํ˜„์—ด์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ํฌ๋‹ค. ๋™์ผํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์—ด ๋ถ€ํ•˜์™€ ์ž ์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์žฌ์‹ค์ž์˜ ๋ฐœ์—ด๊ณผ ์ผ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋‚˜, ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ฏธํ•ด์ง€๋ฉฐ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์˜จ๋„์˜ ์™ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์˜จ๋„ ์ƒ์Šน์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋˜๊ณ  ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†์‹ค๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜(112.0 GJ)๋Š” ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ(7.3 GJ)๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ 15.3๋ฐฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ(44.3 GJ)๋„ 6.1๋ฐฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.

ํŒํ˜•๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ 19.1 GJ, 16.0 GJ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ์‹œ ํŒํ˜•๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ์Šต๋„๊ตํ™˜ ํšจ์œจ์€ Table 2์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํšŒ์ „ํ˜•์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜จ๋„๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ์€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ž ์—ด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์ž‘์€ ๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์Šต๋„๊ตํ™˜ํšจ์œจ์ด ์ž‘์œผ๋ฉด ๊ฒจ์šธ์ฒ  ๊ฒฐ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ธฐ์— ์ด ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.(15) ํŒํ˜•๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ˜„์—ด ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ 14.7 GJ, 14.0 GJ๋กœ, ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ(44.3 GJ) ๋Œ€๋น„ ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ์œจ์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 66.8%, 68.4%์ด๋‹ค. ์ „ํ˜€ ํ™˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด๋„ ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” 2๋ฐฐ ์ •๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ทธ์นœ๋‹ค.

๊ฒฝํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ปค์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์‹œ ์ถœ์ž…๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜์—…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋“œ๋ฌผ๋‹ค. ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์„ ์ž ์‹œ ์—ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™˜๊ธฐํŒฌ์„ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ถˆ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ COVID-19์˜ ๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ ํ™•์‚ฐ์ด ์šฐ๋ ค๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฒœ์žฅํ˜• ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ๋•ํŠธ ๊ณต์‚ฌ ๋“ฑ ์„ค์น˜์— ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์ฐฝ๋ฌธํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋น„๊ต์  ์†์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฒฝ์ฒด์—๋„ ์„ค์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์ฒ ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ด๊ฑด ์กฐ์†ํ•œ ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๋„์ž…์ด ์ ˆ์‹คํ•˜๋‹ค.

4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์ค‘์ด์šฉ์—…์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ƒ‰ยท๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์„ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๊ตยท๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(1) ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ƒ‰ยท๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ฐ•์ œ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” 2.1๋ฐฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” 16.1๋ฐฐ๋กœ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฐฝํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ฑด ํ™˜๊ธฐํŒฌ์„ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•˜๊ฑด ์ผ๋‹จ ๊ธˆ๋…„ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์€ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ณธ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์ฒ ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰ ํ™•๋ณด์™€ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ €๊ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์„ค์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ถŒ๊ณ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

(2) ํ•˜๊ณ„ ์šด์ „ ์‹œ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์ž ์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค. CO2 ๋†๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ํŒํ˜• 6.3%, ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• 20.9% ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์ค‘์ด์šฉ์—…์†Œ์—์„œ ์ถœ์ž…๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋‚ญ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ํฌ๋‚˜, ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๋Š” 1์ธ๋‹น 30 CMH ์ดํ•˜์˜ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ์•ฝ ๋ฐ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰ ํ™•๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๋„์ž…์€ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค.

(3) ๋™๊ณ„ ์šด์ „ ์‹œ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜์™€ ์ž ์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค. ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” 112.0 GJ๋กœ ์•ฝ 15.3๋ฐฐ, ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ(44.3 GJ)์—๋„ 6.1๋ฐฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŒํ˜•๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „ํ˜• ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ 14.7 GJ, 14.0 GJ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฐ•์ œํ™˜๊ธฐ ๋Œ€๋น„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 66.8%, 68.4%์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ์œจ์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ํ™˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด๋„ ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” 2๋ฐฐ ์ •๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ์นœ๋‹ค.

๋‹ค์ค‘์ด์šฉ์—…์†Œ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ํ•™๊ต์™€ ์ข…๊ต์‹œ์„ค ๋“ฑ์ด๋‹ค. ์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์—ฐ์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด๊ณ  ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ•œ๋‘ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ€ํ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ„ํ—์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด์–ด ํ™˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐ€ํ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ํ™•์‚ฐ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์—ฐ์†์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ „์ œ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ์•ฝ๊ณผ ์—ฐ์†์ ์ด๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰ ํ™•๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๋„์ž…์ด ๋ฒ•์ œํ™”๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

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