Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering

  1. ์„ฑ๊ท ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด์„คํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Professor, School of Civil, Architectural Engineering and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 649, Korea)
  2. ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตํ†ต๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 7469, Korea)
  3. ์—ฐ์„ธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ถ€๊ต์ˆ˜ (Associated Professor, Dept. of Architecture & Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 0722, Korea)
  4. ์•„์ฃผ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 1699, Korea)
  5. ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Professor, Department of Architectural Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Korea)
  6. ์ œ์ฃผ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, 3243, Korea)
  7. ํ•œ๊ตญ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ธฐ์ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์› ์—ด์—๋„ˆ์ง€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค ์ฑ…์ž„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์› (Principal Researcher, Thermal Energy Systems Lab., Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, 34129, Korea)
  8. ํ•œ์–‘๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Professor, Department of Architectural Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea)
  9. ๊ตญ๋ฆฝํ•œ๋ฐญ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์„ค๋น„๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ถ€๊ต์ˆ˜ (Associated Professor, Dept. of Building and Plant Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon, 34158, Korea)
  10. ์กฐ์„ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Eng., Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Korea)



๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ, ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ, ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ, ์ถ•์—ด, ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ, ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ์—ด์ „์†Œ์ž, ํ™˜๊ธฐ
Battery, COVID-19, Energy saving, Heat exchanger, Heat storage, Heat transfer, Renewable Energy, Thermoelectric element, Ventilation

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2021๋…„๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ์„ค๋น„๊ณตํ•™ํšŒ โ€˜์„ค๋น„๊ณตํ•™๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ง‘โ€™์— ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๋น„๊ณตํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋™ํ–ฅ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ธฐ๊ณ„์„ค๋น„, ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ๋ƒ‰๋™, ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ๋ฐ ์—ด์œ ์ฒด๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ์„ค๋น„๊ณตํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ตœ์‹  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋™ํ–ฅ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2. ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ธฐ๊ณ„์„ค๋น„

2.1 ๊ฐœ์š”

2021๋…„ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ธฐ๊ณ„์„ค๋น„๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์„ค๋น„ ๋ถ„์•ผ ์ „๋ฐ˜, ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

2.2 ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ธฐ๊ณ„์„ค๋น„ ์ „๋ฐ˜

Lee and Kim(1)์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์„ค๋น„๊ณต์‚ฌ์˜ ์ ์‚ฐ์ž‘์—… ํšจ์œจํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ๊ด€๋ จ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰์‚ฐ์ถœ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์†Œ์š”์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋น„๊ต ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ฑด์„คํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€๊ณต์‚ฌ ์ ์‚ฐ์ž‘์—…์˜ ํšจ์œจํ™” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim et al.(2)์€ ์‹œ์„ค์›์˜ˆ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์ž๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์šด์˜๋น„์šฉ ์ ˆ๊ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ํƒœ์–‘์—ด ๋ฐ ๊ณ„๊ฐ„์ถ•์—ด๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์œต๋ณตํ•ฉ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์š”์†Œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ณ„ ์šด์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim and Jeong(3)์€ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ fan coil unit(FCU)์— ์ž‘๋™์œ ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ํ•˜๋ถ€ ์œ ๋™๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰๋ถ„๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์œ ๋Ÿ‰๊ณ„์ˆ˜(flow coefficient)์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ํ”Œ๋กœ์šฐ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰๋ถ„๋ฐฐ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim et al.(4)์€ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ํƒ€์šด ๋‚ด ๊ธฐ์กด ์ค‘์•™๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์—ด๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ค๋น„ ๋ฐ ์—ด์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํ”„๋กœ์Šˆ๋จธ ์šด์˜์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์œผ๋กœ, ์‹ ์ถ•๋œ ๊ณต๊ณต๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์— ํŽธ์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์Šˆ๋จธ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„, ์–‘๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์—ด๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ฐฐ๊ด€๋ง์„ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ์–ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Choi et al.(5)์€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด BIM์ง€์นจ๊ณผ ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹ค๋ฌด์ง€์‹์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์„ค๋น„ BIM ์„ค๊ณ„ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์™€ BIM ์ •๋ณดํ‘œํ˜„์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Cho et al.(6)์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์„ผํ„ฐ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ํšจ์œจ ๊ฐœ์„  ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜์ธ HAC ๋ฐ CAC์˜ IT๊ณต์กฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๋น„๊ต๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ CFD ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ HAC์™€ CAC์— ์ ์šฉ๋œ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋™์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์„œ๋ฒ„๋ฃธ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ IT๊ณต์กฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim and Kim(7)์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์„ผํ„ฐ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฐ์ • ๋ฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํˆด์„ Matlab ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋™์  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์ธ ๋””์ž์ธ๋นŒ๋” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ค‘์ธ ํˆด์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim and Kim(8)์€ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ง„๋‹จ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ์ ์šฉ ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” MCSA ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์ „๋™๊ธฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ง„๋‹จ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์˜ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ง„๋‹จ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ํšŒ์ „์ž, ๊ณ ์ •์ž, ์ถ• ์ •๋ ฌ๋ถˆ๋Ÿ‰, ๋ถˆํ‰ํ˜• ๋“ฑ์„ ์‹คํ—˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜„์žฅ์— 9๊ฐœ์›”๊ฐ„ 3๋Œ€์˜ ์ „๋™๊ธฐ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ Trend๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ํ•ด๋‹น ์›์ธ ์ œ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ ์ •์ƒ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๋ณต๊ท€ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ง„๋‹จ๊ณผ ์œ ์ง€๋ณด์ˆ˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Cho et al.(9)์€ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ”Œ๋žœํŠธ ์ทจ์ˆ˜์„ค๋น„์˜ ํ•ด์–‘์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ํ•ด์ €ํ‡ด์ ๋ฌผ์˜ ์œ ์ž… ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ”Œ๋žœํŠธ ๊ฑด์„ค ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ชจํ˜•์‹คํ—˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์‚ฌ์ „์— ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋œ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ”Œ๋žœํŠธ ์ทจ์ˆ˜์„ค๋น„์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ธ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ํ•ด์–‘๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ƒ ํ•ด์–‘์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ํ•ด์ €ํ‡ด์ ๋ฌผ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ•ด์„ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim et al.(10)์€ ํ™”์žฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ธฐ์™€ ์—ด์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋™์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ•ด์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” 3์ฐจ์› ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ•ด์„์ˆ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์—ฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค์น˜๊ธฐ์ค€์ด ๋ฏธํกํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์ธต๊ณ ์™€ ํ™”์›์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ œ์—ฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฒฝ์˜ ๊นŠ์ด๋ณ„ ์ œ์—ฐํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Jung and Shin(11)์€ ์Šคํ‹ฑ์Šฌ๋ฆฝ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™” ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ROP(Rate of penetration)๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” drillstring ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Khulief and Al-Naser๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์‹œ์ถ”๋ชจ๋ธ Newmark ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ•ด์„๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™์  ๊ฑฐ๋™ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ถ” ํŒŒ์ดํ”„ ๋…ธ๋“œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋ถ„ํฌํ•˜์ค‘, ์‹œ์ถ”๊ณต๊ณผ์˜ ์ ‘์ด‰๋งˆ์ฐฐ, Bit-Rock ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์ƒ๋ถ€ ์‹œ์ถ” ํŒŒ์ดํ”„ ํšŒ์ „์†๋„๋ฅผ PI ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ถ” ํŒŒ์ดํ”„์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋™ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim et al.(12)์€ ๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋œ ์ง„์ฒœ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ํƒ€์šด์˜ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ์—ด ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์–‘๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์—ด๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ • ์—ด๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ์กด ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ ์—ด์›์ด์šฉ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ค‘์•™๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ฐฉ์‹ ์—ด ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์ฒ  ๋ฐ ๊ฒจ์šธ์ฒ  ์‹ค์ฆ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–‘๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์—ด๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ์—ด๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Jung et al.(13)์€ ์Œ์••์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆํ˜• ์„ ๋ณ„์ง„๋ฃŒ์†Œ์—์„œ ์ง„๋ฃŒ SOP(Standard Operating Procedure) ์„ค์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ CFD ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์„ ๋ณ„์ง„๋ฃŒ์†Œ์—์„œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋œ ์ž…์ž์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ต์ฐจ์˜ค์—ผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Œ€์˜ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์‹ค๊ฐ„ ์••๋ ฅ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Yang and Park(14)์€ ์‹ค๋‚ด๊ณต๊ธฐ์งˆ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ์šฉ๋œ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์™ธ๊ธฐ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„ ํƒ์  HVAC ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kwon(15)์€ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ƒ์ ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ๋œ ์ถœ์ž…๊ตฌ์— ์™ธ๋ถ€์— ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์ˆ˜ํ‰ํ† ์ถœ์—์–ด์ปคํŠผ์˜ ์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜๋Š” ์™ธ๊ธฐ ์ฐจ๋‹จ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์••๋ ฅ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฐจ๋‹จ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ํ›„ ์ฐจ๋‹จ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์ ˆ์•ฝ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œํŠธ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ํ† ์ถœ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Cho et al.(16)์€ ๊ธฐ์กด CFD ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ•ด์„์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ HAC์™€ CAC์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๊ณต์กฐํšจ์œจ์„ ํ˜„์žฅ์‹คํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์„ผํ„ฐ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ ์šด์˜์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. HAC์™€ CAC์— ์ ์šฉ๋œ ๊ณต์กฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ฐจํ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ IT๊ณต์กฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ณต์กฐํšจ์œจ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ฐ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Choi et al.(17)์€ ์‹ค๋‚ด ์˜จ์—ด ์พŒ์ ๊ฐ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด PCM์„ ์‚ฝ์ž…ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ„ํ—๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์‹œ PCM ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‹ค๋‚ด ๋ฐ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅํ‘œ๋ฉด ์˜จ๋„๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ Mock-up ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜จ์ˆ˜๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ํ•˜๋ถ€์— ์‚ฝ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•จ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Jeong et al.(18)์€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์„ค๋น„ ์ค‘ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์กฐํ™”๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ง„๋‹จ์„ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์„ผ์„œ๋‚˜ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ์„ค์น˜ ์—†์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์Šค DesignBuilder๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง„๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์กฐํ™” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ง„๋‹จ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Lee et al.(19)์€ ํ•™๊ต๊ต์‹ค์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€ ์ €๊ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ์กฐ์ ˆ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ ์šฉ ์‹คํƒœ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ์ฒญ ๋‚˜๋ผ์žฅํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ๋“ฑ๋ก๋œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ฒญ์ •๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ˆœํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ ์šฉ ๋ฐ ์œ ์ง€๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ํŒŒ์•…์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•™๊ต์˜ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2.3 ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ

Choi and Park(20)์€ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์›์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹ค๋‚ด ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์‹ค๋‚ด ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€ ๋†๋„ ์ƒ์Šน ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ฒญ์ •๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์‹ค๋‚ด ํ™œ๋™์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹ค๋‚ด ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€ ๋†๋„๋Š” ์ตœ๋Œ€ 5.5๋ฐฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ฒญ์ •๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณ‘์šฉํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ฒญ์ •๊ธฐ ํ•„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ๊ต์ฒดํ•ด์„œ ์ •๊ฒฉ ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Park et al.(21)์€ ๋Œ€๋„์‹œ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€ ๋†๋„ ์ƒ์Šน์— ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐ๋ฆฌ์‹ค์—์„œ ์กฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณด์œก์‹ค์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€ ๋†๋„์™€ ์ €๊ฐ ๋Œ€์ฑ…์˜ ์ ์šฉํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Park et al.(22)์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์ง‘ ์กฐ๋ฆฌ์‹ค์—์„œ ์กฐ๋ฆฌํ–‰์œ„์™€ ๋ณด์œก์‹ค์—์„œ ์›์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‹ค๋‚ด ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ฐ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ฒญ์ •๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค๋‚ด ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์กฐ๋ฆฌํ–‰์œ„์™€ ๋ณด์œก์‹ค์—์„œ ์›์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ํ™œ๋™ํ–‰์œ„ ๋“ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€ ๋†๋„์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2.4 ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€

Jeong and Koo(23)๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์ €์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์†Œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ESS๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋‚ด ์ „๋ ฅ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ”ผํฌ์ œ์–ด ๋ฐ ์ด ์ „๋ ฅ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์ €๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ”ผํฌ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ’์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ESS๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ธก์ •๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ธ 9~10์›”, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ ํ”ผํฌ์ œ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ธก์ •๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ 5.83%์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ์ „๋ ฅ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ €๊ฐํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Choi and Hong(24)์€ ๋ฒฝ์ฒด์ผ์ฒดํ˜• ํƒœ์–‘์—ด์˜จ์ˆ˜๊ธฐ์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ฆ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„ํ—์  ๋ถ€ํ•˜์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ์—ฐ์†์  ๋ถ€ํ•˜์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘์—ด ์˜์กด์œจ, ์ง‘์—ดํšจ์œจ๊ณผ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ํŒจํ„ด๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๊ธ‰ํƒ•๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ปค์ง€๋Š” ๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ์— ์—ด์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฒฝ์ฒด์ผ์ฒดํ˜• ํƒœ์–‘์—ด์˜จ์ˆ˜๊ธฐ์˜ ์ ์ ˆ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3. ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ™˜๊ฒฝ

3.1 ๊ฐœ์š”

๊ฑด์ถ•ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ์‹ค๋‚ดํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ดˆ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์˜ˆ๋ณด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ผ์‚ฌ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์ „๋ ฅ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก, ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ™˜๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜ ์ ์šฉ ๋‹ค์ค‘์ด์šฉ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ํ™˜๊ธฐํšŸ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ƒ‰โ€ค๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€, ์ œ๋กœ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋นŒ๋”ฉ ์ธ์ฆ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ์—ด์› ์„ ์ • ์˜ํ–ฅ ๋ถ„์„, ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹จ์—ด๋ฒฝ์ฒด ์ ์šฉ ์ฃผํƒ์˜ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค๋‚ดํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๋กœ๋ฐฉ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต์šฉ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ ํ™œ์šฉ ํ™˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์Šต๋„์ €๊ฐ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋ถ„์„, ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ตœ์ ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹ค๋‚ด์˜จ๋„ ๋ถ„ํฌ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ชจ๋ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ DB ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ์ฝ”๋“œ์ฒด๊ณ„ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, 1/4 ๊ณต์ง„๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์Œํ–ฅ ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ๊ด‘๋Œ€์—ญ ์ฐจ์Œ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰ํƒ„ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

3.2 ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—๋„ˆ์ง€

Kim et al.(25)์€ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ์„ค์น˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋ณ„ ์˜จ๋„์ธก์ • ๋ฐ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€ ๋‹จ์—ด ๋‘๊ป˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€๋ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ธก์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹ค๋‚ด ํŒŒ์ดํ”„ ์ƒคํ”„ํŠธ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜จ๋„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์ง€ํ•˜์ฃผ์ฐจ์žฅ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ โ€˜๊ฑด์ถ•๊ธฐ๊ณ„์„ค๋น„๊ณต์‚ฌ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ๋ฐฉ์„œโ€™์˜ ๋ณด์˜จ๋‘๊ป˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€์— ์„ค์น˜๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹จ์—ด๋‘๊ป˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ์ƒํ–ฅ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. Star CCM+์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†์‹ค์ด ์™ธ๋ถ€์— ์„ค์น˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ‰๊ท  36.7% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Ahn et al.(26)์€ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“œ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ฒญ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ƒ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์ „๋ ฅ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์š”์†Œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ ์ผ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ ์ผ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š”์ง€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” LSTM๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ์ ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ ์ผ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์ „๋ ฅ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •ํ™•๋„๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ CVRMSE 27.61%, MBE 10.62%์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Jang et al.(27)์€ ๋‹ค์ค‘์ด์šฉ์‹œ์„ค ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ธฐ ์œ ๋ฌด ๋ฐ ERV ์‚ฌ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ™˜๊ธฐ ํšŸ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ƒ‰โ€ค๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ์š”๋Ÿ‰์„ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์—ผ๋ฅ ๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. TRANSYS18์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์นดํŽ˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์œจ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์šด์ „ ์‹œ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ์šด์ „ ์‹œ ํ˜„์—ด ๋ฐ ์ž ์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ผ์ • ์Šต๋„๋กœ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๋งŒ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ERV ๋„์ž…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ 3ACH ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ ๋น„ํ™˜๊ธฐ ๋Œ€๋น„ ํ˜„์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ 3.5๋ฐฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰ ํ™•๋ณด ๋ฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ์•ฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ERV ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Choi and Park(28)์€ 2025๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œํ–‰๋  ์ œ๋กœ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ ์ธ์ฆ์ด ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ์—ด์› ์„ ์ •์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฑด์„ค ์ค‘์ธ 500์„ธ๋Œ€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ๋‹จ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์ค€๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์—ด๊ด€๋ฅ˜์œจ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ด์›๋ณ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์š”๊ตฌ๋Ÿ‰, 1์ฐจ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰, ์ดˆ๊ธฐํˆฌ์ž๋น„์šฉ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ECO2 ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์š”๊ตฌ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ 1์ฐจ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1์ฐจ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์—ญ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด ๊ณ ๋ ค๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 1์ฐจ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํ™˜์‚ฐ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 0.728๋กœ ๊ฐ€์Šค 1.1๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 1์ฐจ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์—์„œ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€์—ญ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์„ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ณด๋‹ค 13.6% ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํˆฌ์ž๋น„์šฉ๋„ 16~21% ์ ˆ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Seo et al.(29)์€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹จ์—ด๋ฒฝ์ฒด ์ ์šฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋ฐ ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ํšจ์œจ ์ œ๋กœ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ฃผํƒ์˜ ๋ณด๊ธ‰๋ฅ ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŒจ์‹œ๋ธŒํ•˜์šฐ์Šค ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค์ œ ์‹œ๊ณต ์ฃผํƒ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๋ด„๊ณผ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ์‹ค๋‚ด์™ธ ์˜จ๋„์™€ ์Šต๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹จ์—ด๋ฒฝ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ์ฃผํƒ์€ Design Builder๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์—ด์  ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด EnergyPlus ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฒฝ์ฒด๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋‹จ์—ด์žฌ, ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋‹จ์—ด์žฌ ๋ฐ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๋‹จ์—ด์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ๋‹จ์—ด์žฌ ๋ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฒฝ์ฒด ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜, ํŒจ์‹œ๋ธŒํ•˜์šฐ์Šค ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ ์—ด์พŒ์ ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฒฝ์ฒด ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๋กœ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹จ์—ด๋ฒฝ์ฒด ์—ด๊ด€๋ฅ˜์œจ 0.108(W/m2K)๋งŒ์ด ํŒจ์‹œ๋ธŒํ•˜์šฐ์Šค ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹จ์—ด๋ฒฝ์ฒด์˜ ์—ด์ €ํ•ญ์ด ํƒ€ ๋ฒฝ์ฒด ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’ ๋Œ€๋น„ 2.5๋ฐฐ ๋†’์•„ ์—ด์†์‹ค ๋ฐฉ์ง€์— ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹จ์—ด๋ฒฝ์ฒด๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ™˜๊ธฐ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์—ด์พŒ์ ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ์ถ•์—ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์„๊ณผ ๊ฒจ์šธ์ฒ ์—๋„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Park et al.(30)์€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ธฐํ›„์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๋ฐ์‹œ์นธํŠธ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์„ค๋น„์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ํšจ์œจ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๋กœ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์ œ์Šต์ž ์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋ถ€ํ•˜์œจ์˜ ๋นˆ๋„๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Park et al.(31)์€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ธก์ •๊ฒ€์ฆ(M&V)์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์ธ์„ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๊ต๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. BEMS๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์€ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”์ •, ๋ณด๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”, ๊ฐ๊ด€ํ™”๋œ M&V ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐํ›„, ๋ฒ•๊ทœ ์ œ๋„์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ˜„ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ์ ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Choi et al.(32)์€ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰๊ธฐํ›„์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์˜จ์‹ค์—์„œ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”ผ๋ณต์žฌ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ‰๊ท  ์‹ค๋‚ด์กฐ๋„์™€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”ผ๋ณต์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์งˆํŒ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ž‘๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ด‘๋Ÿ‰ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์ €๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.3 ์‹ค๋‚ด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ

Lee et al.(33)์€ ๊ฒฐ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต์šฉ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ ํ™œ์šฉ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์Šต๋„ ์ €๊ฐ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ CFD๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜จ๋„, ์ƒ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณต๋™์ฃผํƒ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜จ์Šต๋„ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ธก์ •๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด Contam W ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ Air network model์ด ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ธฐ๋ฅ˜๋ถ„์„์€ Star-CCM+๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์šฉ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ ํ™œ์šฉ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ ์šฉ ์‹œ ์ž์—ฐํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ตœ๋Œ€ 50.45% ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ ์ €๊ฐ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ๋†’๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹ค์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ƒ๋Œ€์Šต๋„๊ฐ€ 100% ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ๋กœ๋ฐฉ์ง€์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kwon et al.(34)์€ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ตœ์  ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ด์—ญํ•™์  ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ์—ฐ๋™๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์—, ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์ž…๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค๋‚ด ์ž„์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์„ผ์„œ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ฒด์—ญํ•™์  ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์ธก ๋ฐ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ต ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ค๋‚ด ์ž„์˜ ์˜์—ญ์€ ๊ตญ๋ถ€์  ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ธก์ •๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์œ ์ฒด์—ญํ•™์  ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •์ƒ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ ˆ์ด๋†€์ฆˆ ์ˆ˜์†ก์ •๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋‹น ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์œ ์ฒด์—ญํ•™์  ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์—ด์—ญํ•™์  ๋ถˆ์™„์ „์„ฑ์ด ์ „์ œ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ์‹ค๋‚ด ํ‰๊ท  ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ MAE 0.195โ„ƒ, RMSE 0.216โ„ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Han et al.(35)์€ ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€์™€ ๋‚ดโ€ค์™ธ๋ถ€ ์š”์ธ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ€์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด๋ฌผ DB๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  QR์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Jung and Hong(36)์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ธฐํ›„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19 ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ํ™•์‚ฐ๊ณผ ์ฆ๋ฐœ์„ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋‘๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” 2 m๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์„œ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ ์”จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ž…์ž์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ๊ณผ ์นจ์ , ์ƒ๋Œ€์Šต๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ž…์ž์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ์„ shear stress transport (SST) ๋‚œ๋ฅ˜๋ชจ๋ธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.4 ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ถ„์•ผ

Han et al.(37)์€ ํ•™๊ต๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€์™€ ๋‚ด์™ธ๋ถ€ ์š”์ธ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ€์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์™ธ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ณผ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ DB ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ์ฝ”๋“œ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์œ ํ˜•, ์ง€์—ญ, ์™ธ๋ถ€ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ๋‚ด๋ถ€ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด์ถ• ํ˜„ํ™ฉ, ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ธ์ฆ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋“ฑ์ด ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ ํˆด์€ ์—‘์…€๊ณผ Phyton์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„์ถœ๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ Python์ด ๋†’์€ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์ด ๋ณด์ž„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ด๋‹น ํˆด์ด ์ ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋“œ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ 7๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜์—์„œ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 7๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์ด ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Park et al.(38)์€ ๊ฐ€์ฒญ ์˜์—ญ(20~20,000 Hz) ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณต๋ช…์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์†ก ์†์‹ค์„ ํ‰ํƒ„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ •๋œ 1/4 ๊ณต์ง„๊ธฐ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ํ˜•์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ 5๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ 2๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋Š” 10 mm ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ํ˜•์ƒ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „์†ก์†์‹ค ํ•ด์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ 0.25 mm์˜ ์›๊ณผ ๋ฉด์ ์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด ์œ ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์— ์ˆ˜์ง/์ˆ˜ํ‰ ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ ๋šซ๋ ค์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ(Horizontal-Vertical-Cross_05) ๊ธฐ์กด ์Œํ–ฅ ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต ์‹œ ๊ธฐ์กด์•ˆ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ฐจ์Œ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ํ‰ํƒ„์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์Œํ–ฅ ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Jeon and Choi(39)๋Š” BIM์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฑด์ถ•์„ค๊ณ„ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ƒ์„ธ์ˆ˜์ค€ ๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ EPI ํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํŒ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  EPI ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ถ€๋ฌธ์˜ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ณ„ ์ฑ„ํƒ ์—ฌ๋ถ€ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฐ์  ๊ฒฐ์ •์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒดํฌ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

4. ๋ƒ‰๋™๋ถ„์•ผ

4.1 ๊ฐœ์š”

2021๋…„ ๋ƒ‰๋™๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์† ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์šฉ ์ตœ์  ์ ˆํ™˜ ์ดˆํ‰๋ฉด ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋”ฉ ๋ชจ๋“œ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ, ์†Œํ˜• ์‡ผ์ผ€์ด์Šค์šฉ R32 ์ธ์ ์…˜ ์‚ฌ์ดํด, ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ๋ฐ์‹œ์ปจํŠธ ์ œ์Šต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€ ์••์ถ•๊ธฐ์˜ ์ž‘๋™ ํ† ํฌ ์˜ˆ์ธก, FAPO ์ œ์˜ฌ๋ผ์ดํŠธ ํก์ฐฉ์ œ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ํก์ฐฉํŠน์„ฑ, R-1234ze(E) ์••์ถ•-ํก์ฐฉ ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํŒœ์—์„œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€, ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์† ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ฒฌ์‹ค ์˜จ๋„์ œ์–ด, ํ‰ํ–‰๋ฅ˜ ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ ํ•ด์„, ์ƒ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ณต์กฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํ•ด์„, ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์šฉ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ˆœํ™˜์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์Šน๊ฐ์˜ ์˜จ์—ด์พŒ์ ์„ฑ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ, ์›ํ˜•๊ด€์˜ ์™ธํ‘œ๋ฉด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ R718์˜ ๋ง‰์‘์ถ• ํŠน์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

4.2 ๋ƒ‰๋™์‚ฌ์ดํด

Yang and Jeong(40)์€ ๋น„์„ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์ด ํฐ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์† ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๊ฐ•์ธํ•œ ์˜จ๋„์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ตœ์  ์ ˆํ™˜ ์ดˆํ‰๋ฉด์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋”ฉ ๋ชจ๋“œ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ฐ PI ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ์‹ค์ œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋”ฉ ๋ชจ๋“œ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ’์— ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์—„๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜๋ ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ณผ๋„ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Choe et al.(41)์€ ๊ฐ€์Šค์™€ ์•ก ์ธ์ ์…˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ R32 ์†Œํ˜• ์‡ผ์ผ€์ด์Šค ์‚ฌ์ดํด์˜ ํ•ด์„์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ R410 ์‚ฌ์ดํด ๋Œ€๋น„ R32 ์‚ฌ์ดํด์˜ COP๊ฐ€ 4.7% ๋†’๊ณ  ํ† ์ถœ์˜จ๋„๋Š” 15.6โ„ƒ ๋‚ฎ์•„ ์†Œํ˜• ์‡ผ์ผ€์ด์Šค ์‚ฌ์ดํด์—์„œ R32๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ์•ก์ธ์ ์…˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim(42)์€ ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ๋ฐ์‹œ์ปจํŠธ ์ œ์Šต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ช…์‹œ์  ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ํ•ด์„๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์šฉ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ 3~5%์˜ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ œ์Šตํšจ์œจ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์‹ ์ œ์Šต๊ธฐ์˜ 155%, ์—ดํšŒ์ˆ˜ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์‹ ์ œ์Šต๊ธฐ์˜ 126% ์ˆ˜์ค€์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Lee et al.(43)์€ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€ ์••์ถ•๊ธฐ์˜ ํ† ์ถœ ์œ ๋กœ์—์„œ ๋ƒ‰๋งค ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์— ์ƒ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์ฐจ์••์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ† ํฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ฐจ์••ํ† ํฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์ฐจ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ณต์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ํ† ํฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์˜ค์ฐจ ํ‰๊ท ๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์ €ํžˆ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Bae and Kwon(44)์€ FAPO ์ œ์˜ฌ๋ผ์ดํŠธ ํก์ฐฉ์ œ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ํก์ฐฉํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™ํŒ์— ํก์ฐฉ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฝ”ํŒ…ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜จ๋„์™€ ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ํก์ฐฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋ฐ”์ธ๋” ๋น„์œจ์— ๋ฐ˜๋น„๋ก€ํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฝ”ํŒ…์˜ ๋‚ด๊ตฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํก์ฐฉ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์  ํก์ฐฉ์‹œ๊ฐ„ 7๋ถ„, ์ตœ์  ๋ฐ”์ธ๋” ๋น„์œจ 10%, ์ตœ์  ์ฝ”ํŒ… ๋‘๊ป˜ 0.2 mm๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim et al.(45)์€ R-1234ze(E) ๋ƒ‰๋งค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ์••์ถ•์‹ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ์™€ ํก์ฐฉ์‹ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ชจ์‚ฌํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์—ฌ ํก์ฐฉ์‹ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ์‘์ถ•๊ธฐ์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜์˜ ์˜จ๋„, ์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ์‘์ถ•๊ธฐ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ํก์ฐฉ์‹ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜ ์ถœ๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ค๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

4.3 ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹œ์Šคํ…œ

Park et al.(46)์€ ์ธ๊ณต์กฐ๋ช…ํ˜• ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํŒœ์— ๋ณตํ•ฉ์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ง€์—ด์›๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ด์› ๋น„์ค‘์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ ์‹œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์ ์šฉ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆœ์„œ๋Œ€๋กœ, ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์ ์šฉ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆœ์„œ๋Œ€๋กœ COP๊ฐ€ ํฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ž‘์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์†Œ์š”๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง€์—ด์›์˜ ์ง€์†์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์—ด์› ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํŒœ์— ๋ณตํ•ฉ์—ด์› ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim and Jeong(47)์€ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์† ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๊ฒฌ์‹ค ์˜จ๋„ ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ธ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•จ์ˆ˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™” ํŠน์ด์น˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ $\mu$-์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ค๊ณ„๋œ$\mu$-์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ VSRS ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์˜ค์ผ์ฟจ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜๊ณผ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทธ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ PI ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์™€์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทธ ์œ ํšจ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim et al.(48)์€ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์  ๊ฐ€๋ณ€๋˜๋Š” ์ž…๊ตฌ์˜จ๋„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ‰ํ–‰๋ฅ˜ ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 1์ฐจ์› ๊ณผ๋„ ์ง€๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰ํ–‰๋ฅ˜ ๋กœํ„ฐ๋ฆฌํœ  ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ํ•ด์„๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•ด์„๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ๊ณ ์˜จ๊ณผ ์ €์˜จ์˜์—ญ NTU์˜ ๋น„๊ฐ€ 1์ผ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ 1์—์„œ ๋ฉ€์–ด์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์—ด์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์œจ๋น„์— ๋ฐ˜๋น„๋ก€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถ„ํ• ๋น„๊ฐ€ 0์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ๋•Œ ์ง๊ต๋ฅ˜ ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ์œ ์šฉ๋„๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ํ•ด์„๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ์ง๊ต๋ฅ˜ ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์—๋„ ์ ์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Nguyen et al.(49)๋Š” ์งํŒฝ์‹ ์†Œํ˜•์—์–ด์ปจ์˜ ์‘์ถ•๊ธฐ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” Ice-on-coil ํ˜•ํƒœ์—์„œ ์ƒ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋น™์ถ•์—ด์กฐ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์—ดํŠน์„ฑ ํ•ด์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ด€ ๊ธธ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ์ด์ƒ์œ ๋™์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ํ•ด์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ ์ด์ƒ์œ ๋™ ํ•ด์„ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์—ด์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— PCM์˜ ๋…น๋Š” ๋น„์œจ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰ํžˆ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์‘์ถ•๊ธฐ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น™์ถ•์—ด์กฐ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์—ด๋Ÿ‰์ด 600 Wh์ธ ์†Œํ˜• ์—์–ด์ปจ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ๋ชจ๋ธ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐœ์—ด๋Ÿ‰์„ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋‚˜, ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด์ƒ์œ ๋™์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์—ด๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.

4.4 ๊ธฐํƒ€

Kim et al.(50)์€ ๋ฉค๋ฒ„๋ ˆ์ธ๊ณผ ์—ดํŽŒํ”„๋ฅผ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์กฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑด์กฐ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์˜ ์ •๋Ÿ‰ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฑด์กฐ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑด์กฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€๋™์‹œ ์†Œ๋น„๋˜๋Š” ์ด์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ค‘์—์„œ ๊ฑด์กฐ๋งŒ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Ÿ‰๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ์–ด๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑด์กฐ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์ตœ์ ํ™”์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ œ์–ด๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋งŒ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์•ฝ 4% ์ •๋„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Lee et al.(51)์€ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์† ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹œ์Šคํ…œ(Variable Speed Refrigeration System; VSRS)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋”ฉ ๋ชจ๋“œ์ œ์–ด(Sliding Mode Control; SMC)์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ 2์ฐจ์› ์œ„์ƒํ‰๋ฉด์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋”ฉ ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ•์ธํ•œ ์ œ์–ด์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์นผ๋งŒ์ƒํƒœ๊ด€์ธก๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์† ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์˜ค์ผ์ฟจ๋Ÿฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, PI์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ ์œ ํšจ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ๊ด€์ธก๊ธฐ๋Š” ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ์™ธ๋ž€์„ ์ž˜ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ธฐ์กด PI์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์™ธ๋ž€ ๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์— ๋” ๊ฐ•์ธํ•จ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim et al.(52)์€ Lee et al.(51)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์† ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋œ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์œ ์ธ๋˜๋Š” ์™ธ๋ž€์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์ธํ•œ $H_{\infty}$์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ค์ผ์ฟจ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ PI์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์˜ ์œ ํšจ์„ฑ์„ ์ž…์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์—ด๋ถ€ํ•˜ 20%์˜ ๋ณ€๋™์‹œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์˜จ๋„ ๋ณ€๋™๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์ •์ฐฉ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋Š” 0.1โ„ƒ, 190์ดˆ ์ด๋‚ด๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , $H_{\infty}$์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ๋Š” PI์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์—ด์ „๋Œ€์„ผ์„œ ์žก์Œ ์œ ์ž…์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์กฐ์ž‘๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณ€๋™ํญ์„ ํ˜„์ €ํžˆ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Oh et al.(53)์€ Lee et al.(51) ๋ฐ Kim et al.(50)์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์† ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์šฉ ์˜ค์ผ์ฟจ๋Ÿฌ์šฉ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ์„ค๊ณ„์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์˜ ์ตœ์  ์„œ๋ณด์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ์ตœ์  ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ž…๋ ฅ์— ์—„๋ฐ€ํžˆ ์ถ”์ข…ํ•˜๋Š” ์„œ๋ณด(Servo)ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ Matlab๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜๊ณผ ์ง€๋ น๊ฐ’ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ์™ธ๋ž€ ์ธ๊ฐ€์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๊ณ„๋œ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ PI์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์™€์˜ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ฑ๊ณผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ตœ์  ์„œ๋ณด์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ตœ์ ์ œ์–ด์ž…๋ ฅ์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ค์ผ์ถœ๊ตฌ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ์šฉ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฒ”์œ„ ยฑ0.1%๋‚ด๋กœ ์ œ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Lee(54)์€ SUV ๋˜๋Š” MPV ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์—์„œ 2์—ด ๋ฐ 3์—ด์„ ํƒ‘์Šน์ž์˜ ์˜จ์—ด์พŒ์ ์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ„ํŽธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ˆœํ™˜ ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ์ „์„์˜ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ํ›„์„ ํƒ‘์Šน์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์˜จ์—ด์พŒ์ ์„ฑ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ฐจ ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ˆœํ™˜ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ ์ขŒ์„๊ฐ„ ๊ณ ๋ฅธ ์˜จ๋„ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ 3์—ด์„๊ณผ 1์—ด์„์˜ ์˜จ๋„์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ 0.4~2.4โ„ƒ๋กœ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ , ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ์˜จ๋„์— ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ œ์–ด๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Kim et al.(55)์€ ๊ด€๊ตฐ์—์„œ ์›ํ˜•๊ด€์˜ ํ˜•์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฐ์—ด ์ˆœ์„œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ง‰์‘์ถ• ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 3์ข…์˜ ์›ํ˜•๊ด€(Bare, Corrugate ๋ฐ Endcross)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด R718์˜ ๋ง‰์‘์ถ• ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ƒ๋‹จ๋ถ€์—์„œ ํ•˜๋‹จ๋ถ€์˜ ์›ํ˜•๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์นจ์ˆ˜ํšจ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ง‰์‘์ถ• ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์™€ ์›ํ˜•๊ด€ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ๊ณผ๋ƒ‰๋„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ์ƒ์Šน ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•ด ์›ํ˜•๊ด€ ์ˆœ์„œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ง‰์‘์ถ• ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” Uํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

5. ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ

5.1 ๊ฐœ์š”

์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฆ๋ฐœ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ๋ฐ ์‘์ถ•์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์—ฌ ์›ํ†ตํ˜• ๋ฆฌํŠฌ์ด์˜จ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ดํญ์ฃผ ํŠน์„ฑ, ํœœ-ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์—์„œ์˜ ์ฐฉ์ œ์ƒ ๊ฑฐ๋™, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ ํ˜•์„ฑ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ฐœ์ „๊ธฐ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์šฉ ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๋ฐ ์ด์ƒ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ•์—ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ, ์œ ๊ธฐ ๋žญํ‚จ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์ž‘๋™์œ ์ฒด ์„ ์ •, ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์ „์ง€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์„ค๊ณ„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋ฆฌํ”ผ์Šค ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์บ๋น„ํ…Œ์ด์…˜ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

5.2 ์ฆ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ์‘์ถ• ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ

Jeong and Yun(56)๋Š” CCS ์ˆ˜์†ก๊ณผ์ • ์ค‘ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ฆ๋ฐœ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ถˆ์ˆœ๋ฌผ์ด ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ์ฆ๋ฐœ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์‹คํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถˆ์ˆœ๋ฌผ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€๋น„ ํ‰๊ท  14.7% ๋‚ฎ์Œ๊ณผ, ๋ถˆ์ˆœ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ 1%์—์„œ 5%๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•จ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Choi and Oh(57)๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฒฝ 4 mm์ธ ์„ธ๊ด€์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ tube-in-tube ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ๋‚ด๊ฒฝ 8 mm์ธ ์ด์ค‘๊ด€ํ˜• ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์—์„œ R-407C์™€ R-22์˜ ์‘์ถ•์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ด๊ฒฝ 4 mmร—4 ch ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์—์„œ์˜ ์‘์ถ•์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ๊ณ„์ˆ˜์™€ ์••๋ ฅ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๊ฒฝ 8 mmร—1 ch์—์„œ์˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ๊ฐ 40% ์ด์ƒ ๋ฐ 2.5๋ฐฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

5.3 ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ์ผ๋ฐ˜

Kang et al.(58)์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์†กํ’๊ธฐ Fan ํšŒ์ „์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋นจ๋ž˜ ๋‚ด ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ํ•จ์œ ์œจ ๋ฐ ๋นจ๋ž˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฑด์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋“œ๋Ÿผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ํ•จ์œ ์œจ ๋ฐ ๋นจ๋ž˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋“œ๋Ÿผ ๋‚ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ํ•จ์œ ์œจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์ฐจ์› ์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ๊ด€์‹์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Lim et al.(59) ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์†กํ’๊ธฐ Fan ํšŒ์ „์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋นจ๋ž˜ ๋‚ด ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ํ•จ์œ ์œจ ๋ฐ ๋นจ๋ž˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฑด์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋“œ๋Ÿผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ํ•จ์œ ์œจ ๋ฐ ๋นจ๋ž˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋“œ๋Ÿผ ๋‚ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ํ•จ์œ ์œจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์ฐจ์› ์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ๊ด€์‹์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Park et al.(60)์€ ์ค‘์ €์˜จ์˜ ์—ด์›์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜จ์ˆ˜๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์ €์žฅ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. SrCl2์™€ NH3์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ•ด์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ตฌ๋™์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ ํšจ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฐ€๋„ ๋ฐ ์˜จ์ˆ˜์˜ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง์„ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

Kim et al.(61)์€ Low GWP ๋ƒ‰๋งค ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ƒ‰๋งค ์ถฉ์ง„๋Ÿ‰ ์ €๊ฐ ์ด์Šˆ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ํ•˜์•ก๋ง‰์‹ ์ฆ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ ํ–‰์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ R-1233zd(E)์˜ ์œ ํ•˜์•ก๋ง‰์‹ ์ฆ๋ฐœ ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋กœ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๋งค ์ˆœํ™˜ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ํฌํ™”์˜จ๋„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฆ๋ฐœ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ๊ณ„์ˆ˜์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‹คํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

5.4 ๊ธฐํƒ€

Gang et al.(62)์€ ์›ํ†ตํ˜• ๋ฆฌํŠฌ์ด์˜จ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ดํญ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜จ๋„, ํฌ๊ธฐ, ์–‘๊ทน ํ™œ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ•ด์„์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์—ดํญ์ฃผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ๋นจ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•ด์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์…€์˜ ์—ดํญ์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์˜ˆ์ธก์‹์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์–‘๊ทนํ™œ๋ฌผ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ดํญ์ฃผ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ NCM ๊ณ„์—ด ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” Ni ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์—ด์  ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์ด ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ž„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Lee et al.(63)์€ ํœœ-ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ดˆ๋ฐœ์ˆ˜ ์ฝ”ํŒ…์˜ ์ ์šฉ์ด ์ฐฉ์ œ์ƒ ๊ฑฐ๋™์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ‘์ด‰๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋…ธ-์ฝ”ํŒ…, ๋ฐœ์ˆ˜, ์ดˆ๋ฐœ์ˆ˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ฑ์— ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ‘์ด‰๊ฐ์ด ๋” ํฐ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ๋ฅ ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ธก ์••๋ ฅ๊ฐ•ํ•˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐœ์ˆ˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๋ฐ ์ดˆ๋ฐœ์ˆ˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ๋ฅ ์ด ๋…ธ-์ฝ”ํŒ… ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋น„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ฝ 1.93% ๋ฐ 6.73% ๋†’์Œ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Yun et al.(64)์€ ์ˆ˜ํ‰ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ™”ํ•™ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€๋ฌผ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ ํ˜•์„ฑ ํŠน์„ฑ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด CFD ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ‰๊ท  ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰๋ถ„์œจ์ด ํ™”ํ•™์ฒจ๊ฐ€๋ฌผ์— ์˜ํ•ด 8%์—์„œ 14%๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Moon et al.(65)์€ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ”Œ๋žœํŠธ์˜ ์ง€์ค‘ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ์ทจ์ˆ˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ inlet bay์˜ ๊ธธ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์„œ์ง€ ํ•ด์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

6. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

2021๋…„ ์„ค๋น„๊ณตํ•™ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ง‘์— ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ธฐ๊ณ„์„ค๋น„, ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ๋ƒ‰๋™, ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ๋ฐ ์—ด์œ ์ฒด 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋™ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(1) ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ธฐ๊ณ„์„ค๋น„๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ์ด 24ํŽธ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์„ค๋น„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋“ฑ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

(2) ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ์ด 15ํŽธ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋จผ์ง€, ํ™˜๊ธฐ, ๊ฒฐ๋กœ, ๋ƒ‰โ€ค๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜, ์ œ๋กœ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ, ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

(3) ๋ƒ‰๋™๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ์ด 16ํŽธ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์† ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์šฉ ์ตœ์  ์ ˆํ™˜ ์ดˆํ‰๋ฉด ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋”ฉ ๋ชจ๋“œ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ, ์†Œํ˜• ์‡ผ์ผ€์ด์Šค์šฉ R32 ์ธ์ ์…˜ ์‚ฌ์ดํด, ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ๋ฐ์‹œ์ปจํŠธ ์ œ์Šต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋ณ€ ์••์ถ•๊ธฐ์˜ ์ž‘๋™ ํ† ํฌ ์˜ˆ์ธก, FAPO ์ œ์˜ฌ๋ผ์ดํŠธ ํก์ฐฉ์ œ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ํก์ฐฉํŠน์„ฑ, R-1234ze(E) ์••์ถ•-ํก์ฐฉ ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์šฉ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ˆœํ™˜์žฅ์น˜, ๋ณตํ•ฉ์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ๊ฐ€๋ณ€์† ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ฒฌ์‹ค ์˜จ๋„์ œ์–ด, ํ‰ํ–‰๋ฅ˜ ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ, ์ƒ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฌผ์งˆ, R718์˜ ๋ง‰์‘์ถ• ํŠน์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

(4) ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ/์—ด์œ ์ฒด ๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ์ด 10ํŽธ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐœ์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ๋ฐ ์‘์ถ•์—ด์ „๋‹ฌ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์—ฌ ์›ํ†ตํ˜• ๋ฆฌํŠฌ์ด์˜จ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ดํญ์ฃผ ํŠน์„ฑ, ํœœ-ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์—์„œ์˜ ์ฐฉ์ œ์ƒ ๊ฑฐ๋™, ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ ํ˜•์„ฑ, ์œ ๊ธฐ ๋žญํ‚จ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์ž‘๋™์œ ์ฒด ์„ ์ •, ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์ „์ง€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์„ค๊ณ„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋ฆฌํ”ผ์Šค ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์บ๋น„ํ…Œ์ด์…˜ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

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Kim J. H., Kim H. G., 2021, The Cooling System Design Support and Energy Analysis Tool for Performance-based Design of a Data Center, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 10, pp. 543-555DOI
8 
Kim K. D., Kim Y. I., 2021, Predictive Maintenance and Fault Diagnosis of Three-Phase Induction Motor Using MCSA(Motor Current Signature Analysis), Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 12, pp. 656-669DOI
9 
Cho J., Kim J., Park C. W., Sung B. C., Son M., 2021, A Case Study on Prediction of Marine Organisms inflow and Submarine Sediment in a Seawater Intake System of a Power by CFD Analysis, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 12, pp. 670-681DOI
10 
Kim H. W., Lee Y. S., Nam Y., 2021, A Study on the Characteristics of Smoke in the Depth of the Smoke Reservoir Screen in Large Volume Space, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 064-071DOI
11 
Jung T., Shin Y., 2021, Dynamic Analysis and ROP Calculation of Directional Drilling Using Finite Element Method, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 015-024DOI
12 
Kim M., Lee D., Kim D., Heo J., 2021, Feasibility Study of Bi-Directional Heat Supply in a Small Thermal Network, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 031-041DOI
13 
Jung M., Han S., Yoo S., Lee J., Hong J., 2021, A CFD Simulation of a Negative Pressurized Medical Container for COVID-19 Testing, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 072-079DOI
14 
Yang J., Park S., 2021, An Analysis of the Energy-Saving Effects of the Ventilation System Operation Method in Small-Sized Buildings, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 090-099DOI
15 
Kwon Y., 2021, Sealing Performance Affected by the Operating Condition of Horizontal Blowing Air Curtain, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 142-153DOI
16 
Cho J., Choi W., Jang S., Lee J., Park C., Lee S., 2021, An Experimental Comparison Study on the Thermal Performance of Hot- and Cold-Aisle Containment Systems for Data Center Cooling, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 165-178DOI
17 
Choi S., Yoo J., Kim S., Park J., 2021, The Optimal Insertion Position of PCM for the Improvement of the Thermal Comfort of Floor Radiant Heating Systems During Intermittent Operations, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 233-243DOI
18 
Jeong C., Kim C., Kim W., 2021, The Development of a Rule-Based Fault Detection and Diagnostic System to Use for the Economizing of HVAC Systems, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 244-253DOI
19 
Lee H., Park B., Song H., Ryu S., Yoon H., 2021, A Study on the Status Analysis of Air Conditioning Systems to Reduce Fine Dust in School Classrooms, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 254-263DOI
20 
Park S., Park S., Song D., 2021, Effect of Installation of Ventilation Systems and air Cleaning Units in Daycare Center on Particulate Matter Reduction Using Simulation, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 7, pp. 359-368DOI
21 
Park J., Park S., Park S., Song D., 2021, Simulation Analysis of Indoor Particulate Matter Reduction Effect by Installing an Air Curtain in a Daycare Center, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 8, pp. 404-412DOI
22 
Park S., Park S., Song D., 2021, The Effect of Countermeasures for the Generation and Transport of Particulate Matter to Adjacent Rooms when Cooking in Daycare Center Using Simulation, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 9, pp. 435-446DOI
23 
Jeong J., Koo B., 2021, Analysis of Power Consumption Reduction According to Peak Load Control of Buildings with Photovoltaic and ESS System, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 7, pp. 350-358DOI
24 
Choi T., Hong H., 2021, Thermal Performance Evaluation of Building Integrated Forced Circulation Solar Water Heater(Part 1: Verification Experiment), Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 8, pp. 385-394DOI
25 
Kim S. E., Song Y. W., Park J. C., 2021, Comparison of Insulation Surface Temperature and Energy Loss Based on the Location of a Hot-Water Pipe, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 025-030DOI
26 
Ahn Y., Lee Y., Oh E. J., Kim B., 2021, Prediction of Building Power Consumption in the Short-Term Solar Radiation Calculation Based on Ultra-short weather Forecast Data, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 113-121DOI
27 
Jang S., Ko Y., Park B., Hong H., 2021, Thermal Load and the Probability of Infection according to the Ventilation Rate of Multi-Use Facilities Applying ERV, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 199-207DOI
28 
Choi S. G., Park D. Y., 2021, A Study on the Effect Analysis of the Selection of Heat Source in Apartment by Zero Energy Building Certification, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 265-271DOI
29 
Seo J. W., Kim Y. I., 2021, A Study on the Cooling Load of a House with Complex Insulation Walls, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 281-292DOI
30 
Park S., Ahn B., Jung Y., 2021, Proposal of Periodic Efficiency Evaluation Method for Desiccant Ventilation System in Korea, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 293-299DOI
31 
Park Y., Seo M., Park J., 2021, Analysis of Baseline Standard for Building Energy Measurement \& Verification, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 7, pp. 313-319DOI
32 
Choi S., Hwang D., Park D., 2021, A Comparison of Cooling Effect of Cooling Package System with Desert Climate Smart Farm, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 12, pp. 682-690DOI
33 
Lee S., Choi G. S., Lee Y. J., Lee H. H., 2021, An Analysis of the Humidity Reduction of Ventilation System Using Centralized Exhaust Fan in Condensation Prevention, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 55-63DOI
34 
Kwon O. I., Kim Y. I., Kim S. H., 2021, Prediction Model of Indoor Temperature Distribution for Optimal Control of Building Energy, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 130-141DOI
35 
Han H., Hong H., Min J., 2021, A Study on the Construction of the Building DB for School Particulate Matter Management Technology Development Using QR Code, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 9, pp. 465-475DOI
36 
Jung M., Hong J., 2021, Analysis on Dispersion of Airborne Cough Droplets for COVID-19 Social Distancing Policy, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 10, pp. 533-542DOI
37 
Han H., Oh H., Hong H., Min J., 2021, A Study on the Building Information Database Construction and Code System Standardization for School Particulate Matter Management Technology Development, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 43-54DOI
38 
Baek S. H., Park S. H., 2021, Parametric Design for the Broadband Flatness of Acoustic Metamaterial Based on a 1/4 Resonator, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 179-189DOI
39 
Jeon S., Choi G., 2021, A Study on Energy Performance Index scoring items by Level of Detail and Level of Development for BIM, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 11, pp. 579-588DOI
40 
Yang S. W., Jeong S. K., 2021, Robust Temperature Controller Design Based on a Sliding Mode with Optimal Switching Hyper-plane for a Variable Speed Refrigeration System, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 101-112DOI
41 
Choe J., Jung J., Jeon Y., 2021, Potential Benefits of Saturation Compression Cycle with Liquid Injection in Showcase Vapor Compression Cycle, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 190-198DOI
42 
Kim D. S., 2021, Analytical Modeling of a Hybrid Desiccant Dehumidifier, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 218-232DOI
43 
Lee T. J., Jung D., Kim J. H., 2021, Compressor Torque Calculation by Differential Pressure Measurement, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 7, pp. 342-349DOI
44 
Bae K. J., Kwon O. K., 2021, Water Vapor Adsorption and Heat Transfer Characteristics of FAPO Zeolite Adsorbent Coating Plate with Operating Conditions, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 8, pp. 377-384DOI
45 
Kim D. H., Yoo J. W., Lee K. H., 2021, A Study on the Performance Characteristics of the Multi Condensing Source Based R-1234ze(E) Refrigeration Cycle for a Hybrid Adsorption Chiller Application, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 9, pp. 447-455DOI
46 
Park S., Han H., Hong H., Min J., 2021, A Study on Energy Performance Evaluation of Combined Heat Source Heat PumpSystem Consisting of Ground and Water Sources in Smart Farm, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 11, pp. 608-618DOI
47 
Kim I., Jeong S., 2021, ฮผ-Synthesis Controller Design Based on Structured Uncertainty of a Variable Speed Refrigeration System for Robust Temperature Control, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 12, pp. 619-632DOI
48 
Kim D., 2021, Mathematical Solution for a Periodic Parallel-Flow Heat Exchanger and its Application: Case Study, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 7, pp. 320-331DOI
49 
Nguyen H., Duong X., Chung J., 2021, Analysis of Roving Personal Air Conditioning Using Phase Change Material, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 8, pp. 369-376DOI
50 
Kim B., Jang J., Lee I., Park Y., 2021, A Study on the Drying Energy for a Dryer with Red Pepper, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 10, pp. 485-493DOI
51 
Lee J., Jeong S., 2021, Robust Temperature Control for a Variable Speed Refrigeration System Based on Sliding Mode Control Using a Kalman State Observer and Feedforward Controller, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 10, pp. 506-519DOI
52 
Kim D., Jeong S., 2021, H-infinity Controller Design for Robust Control of Variable Speed Refrigeration System with Disturbance and Model Uncertainty, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 10, pp. 520-532DOI
53 
Oh H., Jeong S., 2021, Precise Temperature Control of Multi-Input Multi-Output Variable Speed Oil Cooler System Based on Optimal Servo Control Using Genetic Algorithm, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 11, pp. 566-578DOI
54 
Lee D., 2021, Impact of an Automobile Air-Circulator on Thermal Comfort of Rear Passengers, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 11, pp. 589-598DOI
55 
Kim J., Lee D., Kim S., 2021, A Study on the Film Condensation Characteristics of R718 According to the External Surface Structure of a Circular Tube in a Horizontal Tube Bundle, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 9, pp. 423-434DOI
56 
Jeong J. H., Yun R., 2021, Comparison of the Correlations Between the Heat Transfer Coefficient and the Pressure Drop of CO2 with Non-Condensable Gas, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 155-164DOI
57 
Choi K. I., Oh J. T., 2021, The Condensation Heat Transfer Characteristics of R-22 and R-407C Inside Small Diameter Tube-in-Tube Heat Exchangers, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 80-89DOI
58 
Kang S., An J., Shin H., Youn B., Yoo J., Kim H., Jo B., Wee H., Kim D., Kwon O., 2021, An Experimental Study on the Variation of Air Flow Rate inside Dryer Drum with respect to Weights and Moisture Content of Clothes, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 008-014DOI
59 
Lim H., Lee W., Shin U., 2021, Theoretical Analysis of the Flow and Thermal Performance of Solar Water Heaters with Natural Circulation, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 209-217DOI
60 
Park M., Lee W., Lee S., Duong X., Chung J., 2021, Feasibility Study on Thermochemical Energy Storage Using Medium and Low Temperature Heat Source, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 272-280DOI
61 
Kim D., Kim J., Lee K., 2021, An Experimental Study on Performance Characteristics of Falling Film EvaporativeHeat Transfer for R-1233zd(E) Refrigerant, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 11, pp. 599-607DOI
62 
Gang M. B., Kim M. G., Kim N. J., 2021, Numerical Study on Thermal Runaway by Temperatures, Appearance Sizes, and Cathode Active Materials in Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 12, pp. 633-644DOI
63 
Lee W. J., Bae K. J., Kwon O. K., 2021, Effect of Super-Hydrophobic Coating on Frost/Defrost behavior in Fin-Tube Heat Exchangers, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 122-129DOI
64 
Yun R., Prah B., Lee K., 2021, CFD Modelling of CO2 Hydrate Formation in the Presence of Additives, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 12, pp. 645-655DOI
65 
Moon J., Kim J., Lee S., 2021, Surge Analysis of Underground Seawater Intake System in a Power Plant, Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 11, pp. 557-565DOI