Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering

  1. ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ฑด์„ค๊ธฐ์ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์› ๊ฑด์ถ•์—๋„ˆ์ง€์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ ์ˆ˜์„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์› (Senior Researcher, Department of Building Energy Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang, 0223, Korea)
  2. ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ฑด์„ค๊ธฐ์ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์› ๊ฑด์ถ•์—๋„ˆ์ง€์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ ์„ ์ž„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œ„์› (Senior Research Fellow, Department of Building Energy Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang, 103, Korea)
  3. ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Professor, Department of Architectural Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea)



์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰, ์ง€์—ด ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„, ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด
Deep neural network, Energy consumption, Ground source heat pump, Photovoltaic-thermal

๊ธฐํ˜ธ์„ค๋ช…

$P_{HP}$ ๏ผš ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์†Œ๋น„์ „๋ ฅ [W]
$P_{P}$ ๏ผš ์ˆœํ™˜ํŽŒํ”„ ์†Œ๋น„์ „๋ ฅ [W]
$P_{FCU}$ ๏ผš ํŒฌ์ฝ”์ผ์œ ๋‹› ์†Œ๋น„์ „๋ ฅ [W]
$P_{PVT}$ ๏ผš ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ „๋ ฅ [W]
$\dot{Q}_{HP}$ ๏ผš ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์—ด๋Ÿ‰ [W]
$\dot{Q}_{FCU}$ ๏ผš ํŒฌ์ฝ”์ผ์œ ๋‹› ์ƒ์‚ฐ์—ด๋Ÿ‰ [W]
$\dot{Q}_{PVT}$ ๏ผš ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์—ด๋Ÿ‰ [W]
$r$ ๏ผš ํ”ผ์–ด์Šจ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜ [-]
$r^{2}$ ๏ผš ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜ [-]
$T_{GHEX,\: i n}$ ๏ผš ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ ์ž…์ˆ˜์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{GHEX,\: out}$๏ผš ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ ์ถœ์ˆ˜์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{ground}$ ๏ผš ์ง€์ค‘์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{PVT,\: i n}$ ๏ผš ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ์ถœ์ˆ˜์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{PVT,\: out}$ ๏ผš ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ์ถœ์ˆ˜์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{HP,\: S,\: i n}$ ๏ผš ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์—ด์›์ธก ์ž…์ˆ˜์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{HP,\: S,\: out}$ ๏ผš ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์—ด์›์ธก ์ถœ์ˆ˜์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{HP,\: L,\: i n}$ ๏ผš ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜์ธก ์ž…์ˆ˜์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{HP,\: L,\: out}$ ๏ผš ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜์ธก ์ถœ์ˆ˜์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{BT}$ ๏ผš ๋ฒ„ํผํƒฑํฌ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{ST}$ ๏ผš ํƒœ์–‘์—ดํƒฑํฌ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{FCU,\: i n}$ ๏ผš ํŒฌ์ฝ”์ผ์œ ๋‹› ์ž…์ˆ˜์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{FCU,\: out}$ ๏ผš ํŒฌ์ฝ”์ผ์œ ๋‹› ์ถœ์ˆ˜์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{i ndoor}$ ๏ผš ์‹ค๋‚ด์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{outdoor}$ ๏ผš ์‹ค์™ธ์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$I_{r}$ ๏ผš ์ผ์‚ฌ๋Ÿ‰ [W/m2]

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‹œ์žฅ์€ COVID-19 Pandemic ์ดํ›„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํšŒ๋ณต์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด 2021๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธด์ถ•๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.(1) ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, 2022๋…„ ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ์ „์Ÿ(Russiaโ€™s War on Ukraine)์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•๋Œ€๋˜์–ด ๋ณธ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์œ„๊ธฐ(Global Energy Crisis)์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. 2024๋…„ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ์ตœ๊ณ ์น˜์—์„œ ํ•˜๋ฝํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€์ •ํ•™์  ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ธด์žฅ ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋†“์—ฌ ์žˆ๋‹ค.(2) ๋†’์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์ €ํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์ „์Ÿ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์žฌํŽธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตญ์ œ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์•ˆ๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜์กด๋„ ๊ฐ์ถ•์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ํšจ์œจ ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„์™€ ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฑด์ถ•๋ถ€๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋„ ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๊ณต์กฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํƒˆํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์™€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ž๋ฆฝ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๋กœ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ ์˜๋ฌดํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ง„๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋กœ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ ๊ตฌํ˜„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ์žฅ๋ ค๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘(Photovoltaic), ํƒœ์–‘์—ด(Solar Collector), ์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„(Ground Source Heat Pump)์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์ฑ„ํƒ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์š”์˜ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ํ•œ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๊ณต์กฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์— ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ ์œต๋ณตํ•ฉ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. International Energy Agency์˜ Solar Heating and Cooling Program Task 44์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์—ด ๋ณด์กฐ ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„(Solar-assisted Heat Pump)๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค.(3) ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€, ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์š”์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘๊ณผ ํƒœ์–‘์—ด์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด(Photovoltaic-thermal) ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.(4), (5) ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์˜ ์˜จ์—ด, ๋ƒ‰์—ด, ์ „๋ ฅ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์š”๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๊ณต์กฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋Œ€๋น„ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์˜ํ–ฅ(Environmental Impact)์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ด์ ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ œ๋กœ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ ๊ตฌํ˜„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž ์žฌ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. Qiu et al.(6)์€ ์ถ”์šด ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„์˜ ์šด์˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์—ด๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜• (Soil Thermal Imbalance) ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์ง€์ค‘์ถ•์—ด ์šด์ „์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ COP(Coefficient of Performance)๋Š” ์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„๋ณด๋‹ค 10% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ์• ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋น„์šฉ(Life Cycle Cost)์€ 72%๋ฅผ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Bae and Nam(7)์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ค์ œ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์‹ค์ฆ ํ”Œ๋žœํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ฆ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ COP๋Š” 6.9์™€ 8.3์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๊ณต์กฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ดˆ๊ธฐํˆฌ์ž๋น„์šฉ ํšŒ์ˆ˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 19๋…„์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Bae et al.(8)์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋ถ€ํ•˜์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋„์ž… ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๊ณต์กฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ดˆ๊ธฐํˆฌ์ž๋น„์šฉ ํšŒ์ˆ˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 17๋…„์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ ์—†์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ(6-8)์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๊ณต์กฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํšจ์œจ์ด ๋†’๊ณ  ์ œ๋กœ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ ๊ตฌํ˜„์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด๊ณผ ์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋†’์€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐํˆฌ์ž๋น„์šฉ์€ ์ƒ์šฉ๋‹จ๊ณ„์˜ ์ง„์ž…์— ํฐ ๋‚œ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ์†Œ๋น„์ž์˜ ์ฑ„ํƒ์„ ์ง€์—ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด๊ณผ ์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„์˜ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

Warner et al.(9)์€ ์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐํˆฌ์ž๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ ˆ๊ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ง๋ฐ€ํํ˜• ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ(Underground Thermal Battery)๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์„ค ๊นŠ์ด 6 m ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์˜ ์–•์€ ์‹œ์ถ”๊ณต์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜์ง๋ฐ€ํํ˜• ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์„ค์น˜๋น„์šฉ์„ 39% ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ˆ˜์ง๋ฐ€ํํ˜• ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 5% ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ž„์„ ์ž…์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Kim et al.(10) ์ˆ˜์ง๋ฐ€ํํ˜• ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐํˆฌ์ž๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ๋Ÿฌ(Modular) ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋™์ผํ•œ ์‹ค์ฆ์‹คํ—˜์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง๋ฐ€ํํ˜• ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋“ˆ๋Ÿฌ ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Barone et al.(11)์€ ํด๋ฆฌ์—ผํ™”๋น„๋‹ ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„์šฉ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์€ ์ƒ์šฉ์ œํ’ˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ดˆ๊ธฐํˆฌ์ž๋น„์šฉ์„ 36% ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. Bae et al.(12)์€ ํ˜„์žฅ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ์ž‘๊ณผ ์„ค์น˜๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ˜• ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ˜• ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์€ ๊ฐ„์†Œํ™”๋œ ์ œ์กฐ ๋ฐ ์„ค์น˜๊ณต์ •๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ƒ์šฉ์ œํ’ˆ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์—ดํšจ์œจ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‹œ์žฅ ๋„์ž… ์ž ์žฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ(9-12)์—์„œ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ โ€ค๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์€ ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์œต๋ณตํ•ฉ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์œต๋ณตํ•ฉ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ , ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ด์ ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ์„ค์น˜๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์ œํ•œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.(13) ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์šด์˜๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์ด์ ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์„ค๊ณ„๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ตœ์ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ œ์–ด์˜ ๋„์ž…์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„ํŒจํ„ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ, ์˜ˆ์ธก์ œ์–ด ๊ตฌ์ถ•์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜๊ณผ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ ๋†’์€ ์ฐธ์กฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2. ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ

Fig. 1์€ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ(13)์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•œ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ(13)์—์„œ๋Š” ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ํ•ด์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์‹ค์ฆ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Table 1์€ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ๋Ÿฌ ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ(10), ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ˜• ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ(12), ๋ฌผ๋Œ€๋ฌผ ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„, ํƒœ์–‘์—ดํƒฑํฌ, ๋ฒ„ํผํƒฑํฌ, ํŒฌ์ฝ”์ผ์œ ๋‹› ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์„ค๋น„๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๊ธฐ์ƒ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ํ† ์–‘๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์œ ๋„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of integrated simulation model.
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2024.36.11.560/fig1.png

Table 2๋Š” ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์šด์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์šด์ „๋ชจ๋“œ๋Š” (1) ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ, (2) ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ, (3) ์ถ•์—ด, (4) ์ถ•๋ƒ‰์šด์ „์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„๋Š” ๋ฒ„ํผํƒฑํฌ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜จ๋„($T_{BT}$)์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ถ•์—ด๊ณผ ์ถ•๋ƒ‰์šด์ „์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ์˜ ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„๋Š” ์—ด์›์ด ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์™€ ํƒœ์–‘์—ดํƒฑํฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์˜จ๋„์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์—ด์›์„ ์„ ํƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„๋Š” ์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํƒœ์–‘์—ดํƒฑํฌ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜จ๋„($T_{ST}$)๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ค‘์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ์˜ ์ถœ์ˆ˜์˜จ๋„($T_{GHEX,\: out}$)๋ณด๋‹ค 3โ„ƒ ๋†’์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํƒœ์–‘์—ดํƒฑํฌ๋ฅผ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ•์—ด์šด์ „์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹ค๋‚ด ์„ค์ •์˜จ๋„($T_{set}$)๊ฐ€ ์‹ค๋‚ด์˜จ๋„($T_{i ndoor}$)๋ณด๋‹ค 1โ„ƒ ๋†’๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ฎ์„ ๋•Œ ํŒฌ์ฝ”์ผ์œ ๋‹›์€ ๋ฒ„ํผํƒฑํฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค๋‚ด ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ์šด์ „์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.

ํ•œํŽธ, ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์„ ์œ„ํ•ด Fig. 1์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๋™์  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 1 Design conditions of integrated simulation model

Equipment

Parameter

Value

Modular ground heat exchanger

Depth

4 m

Size (length ร— width ร— height)

2 m ร— 2 m ร— 2 m

Pipe diameter

0.04 m

Pipe length

67.3 m (336.5 m in total)

Number of modular

5

Attachable

photovoltaic-thermal module

Type

Glazed-water

Size (length ร— width)

1.8 m ร— 0.91 m

Slope

35ยฐ

Electrical efficiency

19.4%

Thermal efficiency

41%

Number of module

10

Heat pump

Type

Water-to-water

Rated heating capacity

17.1 kW

Rated cooling capacity

16.8 kW

Heating power consumption

4.29 kW

Cooling power consumption

2.85 kW

Circulating pump

Flow rate

50 L/min

Power consumption

0.31 kW

Number of pump

5

Fan coil unit

Heating capacity

27.5 kW

Cooling capacity

17.5 kW

Power consumption

0.284 kW

Table 2 Operation conditions of integrated simulation model

Equipment

Winter

Summer

Heat pump

$T_{BT}\le 43^{\circ}{C}$ $T_{BT}\ge 12^{\circ}{C}$

Pump 1 (P1)

If heat pump is on and P2 is off

Synchronizes with heat pump

Pump 2 (P2)

$T_{ST}+3^{\circ}{C}>T_{GHEX,\: out}$

-

Pump 3 (P3)

$T_{PVT,\: out}+5^{\circ}{C}>T_{ST}$

Pump 4 (P4)

Synchronizes with heat pump

Pump 5 (P5)

$T_{i ndoor}<T_{set}-1^{\circ}{C}$ $T_{i ndoor}>T_{set}+1^{\circ}{C}$

Fan coil units

Synchronizes with P5

3. ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ

3.1 ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ธํŠธ ๊ตฌ์ถ•

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง (Deep Neural Network)์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์ •ํ™•์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ๋น„๊ต์  ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ด 25๊ฐœ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—์„œ 227,786๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‹จ์ถ•๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์„ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ”ผ์–ด์Šจ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜(Pearson Correlation Coefficient)๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์„ ํ”ผ์–ด์Šจ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •๋Ÿ‰์  ์ˆ˜์น˜๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ”ผ์–ด์Šจ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‹(1)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(1)
$r=\dfrac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}(X_{i}-\overline{X})(Y_{i}-\overline{Y})}{\sqrt{\sum_{i=1}^{n}(X_{i}-\overline{X})^{2}}\sqrt{\sum_{i=1}^{n}(Y_{i}-\overline{Y})^{2}}}$

Table 3์€ ํ”ผ์–ด์Šจ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ’์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ํ”ผ์–ด์Šจ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” -1๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜($r$)๊ฐ€ -1 ๋˜๋Š” 1์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค.(14)

Table 3 Interpretation of correlation coefficient

Absolute magnitude of correlation coefficient

Interpretation

0.00 ~ 0.10

Negligible correlation

0.10 ~ 0.39

Weak correlation

0.40 ~ 0.69

Moderate correlation

0.70 ~ 0.89

Strong correlation

0.90 ~ 1.00

Very strong correlation

Table 4๋Š” ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜($r^{2}$)์˜ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋Š” 0๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, ํ”ผ์–ด์Šจ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ’์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ํ”ผ์–ด์Šจ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ’์ด 0.3 ๋ฏธ๋งŒ(๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณ„์ˆ˜ 0.09 ๋ฏธ๋งŒ)์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์•ฝํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์ด 12๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค: (1) ์ˆœํ™˜ํŽŒํ”„ ์†Œ๋น„์ „๋ ฅ(์ด 5๊ฐœ), (2) ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์†Œ๋น„์ „๋ ฅ, (3) ํŒฌ์ฝ”์ผ์œ ๋‹› ์†Œ๋น„์ „๋ ฅ, (4) ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ „๋ ฅ, (5) ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์—ด๋Ÿ‰, (6) ํŒฌ์ฝ”์ผ์œ ๋‹› ์ƒ์‚ฐ์—ด๋Ÿ‰, (7) ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์—ด๋Ÿ‰, (8) ์ผ์‚ฌ๋Ÿ‰. ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ ์ •๋œ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ•™์Šต 60%, ๊ฒ€์ฆ 10%, ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ 30%์˜ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ๋‚œ์ˆ˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ์„ž์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ž…โ€ค์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜์  ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ณต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์˜ ์—ญ์ „ํŒŒ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜(Weight)์— ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ •๊ทœํ™”(Normalization) ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด 0๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 4 Correlation coefficient between input and output parameter

Equipment

Parameter

$r$ $r^{2}$

Modular ground heat exchanger

$T_{GHEX,\: i n}$

-0.05

-0.05

$T_{GHEX,\: out}$

0.00

0.00

$T_{ground}$

-0.06

0.00

Attachable

photovoltaic-thermal module

$T_{PVT,\: in}$

-0.21

0.05

$T_{PVT,\: out}$

0.08

0.01

$\dot{Q}_{PVT}$

0.34

0.12

$P_{PVT}$

0.34

0.12

Heat pump

$T_{HP,\: S,\: in}$

-0.02

0.00

$T_{HP,\: S,\: out}$

-0.05

0.00

$T_{HP,\: L,\: in}$

0.18

0.03

$T_{HP,\: L,\: out}$

0.20

0.04

$\dot{Q}_{HP}$

0.98

0.96

$P_{HP}$

0.99

0.98

Circulating pump

$P_{P 1}$

0.68

0.46

$P_{P 2}$

0.98

0.96

$P_{P 3}$

0.56

0.32

$P_{P 4}$

0.42

0.17

$P_{P 5}$

0.34

0.12

Heat storage tank

$T_{ST}$

-0.21

0.05

$T_{BT}$

0.13

0.02

Fan coil unit

$T_{FCU,\: in}$

-0.07

0.01

$T_{FCU,\: out}$

-0.06

0.00

$P_{FCU}$

0.56

0.32

Others

$T_{indoor}$

-0.07

-0.07

$T_{outdoor}$

0.01

0.01

$I_{r}$

0.32

0.10

3.2 ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ

์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ผ ์—ด์›์˜ ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์„ค๊ณ„๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋น„์„ ํ˜•์  ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ„ ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋„์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์€ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋†’์€ ์˜ˆ์ธก์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ตฌํ˜„์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์Šต๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ณผ์ ํ•ฉ(Overfitting) ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์€ ๋ธ”๋ž™๋ฐ•์Šค ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ ์›๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ดํ•ด์™€ ํ•ด์„์— ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์˜๋ฏธ ๋„์ถœ์ด ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค.

Fig. 2๋Š” ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์€ 1๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž…๋ ฅ์ธต, 2๊ฐœ์˜ ์€๋‹‰์ธต, 1๊ฐœ์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ธต์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ž…๋ ฅ์ธต์— ์ด์šฉ๋œ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ ์ •๋œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 12๊ฐœ์˜ ๋…ธ๋“œ(Node)๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์€๋‹‰์ธต์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋Š” 2๊ฐœ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์€๋‹‰์ธต์˜ ๋…ธ๋“œ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ(15)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ 25๊ฐœ(2n+1)๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ธต์€ ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์ด ๋„์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ์จ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋…ธ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜์™€ ํŽธํ–ฅ(Bias)์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉฐ, ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ณ„์ธต์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋  ๋•Œ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ’์„ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ญ์ „ํŒŒ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด์ „ ํ•™์Šต์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜์™€ ํŽธํ–ฅ์„ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธํ•œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 2 Prediction model based on deep neural network.
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2024.36.11.560/fig2.png

4. ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ฒ€์ฆ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ASHRAE Guideline 14-2014์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ ์˜ค์ฐจ ๋ณ€๋™๊ณ„์ˆ˜(Coefficient of variation root mean square error, CVRMSE)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.(16) ASHRAE Guideline 14์—์„œ๋Š” CVRMSE๊ฐ€ 0%์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šธ์ˆ˜๋ก ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์˜ค์ฐจ์œจ์€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 30% ์ด๋‚ด๋กœ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. CVRMSE๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์‹(2)์™€ (3)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(2)
$R MSE =\sqrt{\dfrac{\Sigma(y_{s}-y_{a})^{2}}{n}}$
(3)
$CV(R MSE)=\dfrac{R MSE}{\overline{y}}\times 100$

Fig. 3์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ CVRMSE๋Š” 0.004%๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์€ ASHRAE Guideline 14์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์—์„œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณ€๋™ ํญ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋†’์€ ์˜ˆ์ธก ์ •ํ™•๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 3 Comparative analysis between predicted results and output parameter.
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2024.36.11.560/fig3.png

5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ค์ฐจ์œจ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์š”์•ฝ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(1) ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ”ผ์–ด์Šจ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด 12๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ ์ •๋œ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

(2) ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์€ 1๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž…๋ ฅ์ธต, 2๊ฐœ์˜ ์€๋‹‰์ธต, 1๊ฐœ์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ธต์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž…๋ ฅ์ธต์˜ ๋…ธ๋“œ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ 12๊ฐœ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์€๋‹‰์ธต์˜ ๋…ธ๋“œ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋Š” 25๊ฐœ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

(3) ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ CVRMSE๋Š” 0.004%๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์—์„œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณ€๋™ ํญ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋†’์€ ์˜ˆ์ธก ์ •ํ™•๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ๋„ ์‹ฌ์ธต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์—ด-์ง€์—ด์› ํžˆํŠธํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ตœ์ ์ œ์–ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค.

ํ›„ ๊ธฐ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 2022๋…„๋„ ์ •๋ถ€(๊ต์œก๋ถ€)์˜ ์žฌ์›์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์—…์ž„(NRF- 2022R1A6A3A01087290). ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ •๋ถ€(๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ •๋ณดํ†ต์‹ ๋ถ€)์˜ ์žฌ์›์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž„(NRF-2021R1A2C2014259, NRF-2022R1A4A1026503).

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