| Title |
A dq-Axis-Based Current Perturbation Control Method for Real-Time EIS in Fuel Cell DC-DC Converters |
| Authors |
Dong-Hyeok Jang ; Yoon-Tae Kim ; Jae-Ho Kim ; Han-Shin Youn |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.6113/TKPE.2025.30.6.489 |
| ISSN |
1229-2214(pISSN), 2288-6281(eISSN) |
| Keywords |
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV); Interleaved Boost Converter; Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS); d-q Axis Transformation; Current perturbation Control |
| Abstract |
Fuel cells are increasingly regarded as a core power source in future energy systems owing to their high efficiency and low emissions, driving demand for real-time diagnostic technologies. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is an effective method for quantitatively characterizing degradation and performance loss in fuel cells. Recent efforts focus on implementing real-time EIS using DC?DC converters. However, conventional PI-based current control suffers from limited bandwidth, resulting in phase lag and magnitude attenuation at high perturbation frequencies, which degrades the accuracy of impedance measurements. This study proposes a dq-axis-based current perturbation control method for EIS implementation in a fuel cell DC?DC converter. Perturbation currents are transformed into a synchronous rotating frame, regulated as DC components for accurate high-frequency tracking. A hybrid structure with PI control for low frequencies is employed. Simulations and experiments validate improved tracking up to several kHz, ensuring stable EIS operation. |