| Title |
A Study on the Jugendstil Residential Design of the Artist’ Colony in the Mathildenhohe |
| DOI |
http://doi.org/10.14774/JKIID.2020.29.5.053 |
| Keywords |
Artist’ Colony in Mathildenhohe; Jugendstil; Total Art; Joseph Maria Olbrich; Peter Behrens |
| Abstract |
The purpose of this study is to figure out the characteristics and significance of the residential design that appeared in the transition period to the modern era. It investigated the architectural exhibition of Artist' Colony in the Mathildenhohe(Matildas’ Hill) in german city Darmstadt, which is regarded as a representative case of Jugendstil in the early 20th century. It reviewed the historical development of modern architectural style beginning from Vienna Secession or Art Nouveau style and its transplantation to Jugendstil in Germany. Also, the meaning of the Jugendstil residential design, which were designed as a ‘total art’, was considered. The subjects of the case study were the ‘Grosses Gluckert House’ designed by Joseph Maria Olbrich and Peter Behrens’ own house.
The results of this analysis are as follows. First, there was a tendency to distinguish from historicism to modernism. Instead of the orthodox form, the formative design through the innovation of exterior was appeared. A flat decoration replaced the ornaments as well. Second, the design principle of ‘total art’ penetrated between architecture, interior, furniture and household utensils in unity with a adoption of Jugendstils’ original linear elements. Thereafter, the two case houses achieved the purpose of ‘Raumkunst’. Third, the Jugendstil design tended to escape from the early Art Nouveau features and to prefer the simple aesthetics of geometrical elements. The characteristics of Jugendstils’ residential design as above became a stepping stone for the modernism later. |