| Title |
Evacuation Performance Analysis of High-Density Zone Relocation in ○○ Department Store Underground Food Court Based on Evacuation Simulation |
| Authors |
설시현(Seol, Si-Hyeon); 노준석(Noh, Jun-Seok) |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.14774/JKIID.2026.35.1.193 |
| Keywords |
Underground commercial space; Evacuation simulation; High-density zone relocation; Bottleneck |
| Abstract |
This study quantitatively analyzes the impact of spatial relocation of a high-density zone on evacuation performance in the underground food court of Jeonju OO Department Store. A Base Model with 516 occupants was first simulated using Pathfinder to identify bottleneck areas, followed by four relocation scenarios (S-1 through S-4) in which the food service zone (Zone A, 167.38 m2, 126 occupants) was repositioned while all other variables were held constant. Evacuation routes consisted of four escalators (primary exit) and a single emergency stairway (secondary exit, flow rate: 0.39 persons/s). Results showed that the total evacuation time (Last Out) ranged from 318.0 s (S-1) to 338.8 s (S-3), with the secondary exit determining the Last Out in all scenarios. The theoretical time difference based on secondary exit occupant variation (9 persons ÷ 0.39 persons/s = 23.1 s) closely matched the measured difference (20.8 s), confirming that exit load distribution is the dominant factor governing evacuation completion time. Notably, S-1 had the longest travel distance yet the shortest Last Out, suggesting that balanced exit utilization may be a more critical design criterion than minimizing travel distance. The findings are limited to this single case under algorithmically optimal conditions, and future research incorporating multi-case comparisons and panicreflecting behavioral models is needed. |