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  1. (1st R & D-4, Agency for Defense Development, Korea.)



Composite Guidance Law, Look Angle Rate Constraint, Proportional Navigation Guidance, Look Angle Rate Control

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

ํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์œ ๋„ํƒ„์˜ ํ˜ธ๋ฐ ์œ ๋„๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ ์„ ์ •๋ฐ€ ์š”๊ฒฉํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ์ข…๋ง ์œ ๋„์„ฑ๋Šฅ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋น„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์— ํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์ ์„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํƒ์ง€/์ถ”์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์œ ์ง€์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์†์กฐ๊ฑด๋„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊น€๋ฐœํ˜• ํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํƒ‘์žฌ๋œ ์œ ๋„ํƒ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊น€๋ฐœ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ œํ•œ๋œ ๊น€๋ฐœ๊ฐ ์•ˆ์— ํ‘œ์ ์ด ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ˜ธ๋ฐ์œ ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ค„์ ธ์•ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋™์ฒด์— ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ์ŠคํŠธ๋žฉ๋‹ค์šด ํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํƒ‘์žฌ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ์˜ FOV(Field of View) ์•ˆ์— ํ‘œ์ ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋น„ํ–‰๊ถค์ ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์œ ๋„ํƒ„์˜ ๋™์ฒด(๋˜๋Š” ํƒ„์˜ ์†๋„๋ฒกํ„ฐ)์™€ ํ‘œ์  ์‹œ์„ (Line-of-Sight, LOS) ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‚ฌ์ด๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜๋œ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ(Look Angle)์ด ์ „ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ตฌ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ์— ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์ œํ•œ์น˜ ์•ˆ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ๋งŒ ํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์ ์„ ์ถ”์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ ๊ตฌ์†์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์€ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (1)์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. (1)์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์ƒ ์ •์ง€ ํ‘œ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํŽธํ–ฅ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„(Biased Proportional Navigation Guidance, BPNG)๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ถฉ๋Œ๊ฐ(Impact Angle) ๋ฐ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ ๊ตฌ์†์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋งŒ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์œ ๋„๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ด๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถฉ๋Œ๊ฐ/์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ ๊ตฌ์†์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (2)์™€ (5)์—์„œ๋Š” ์ตœ์ ์ œ์–ด์ด๋ก ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ ๊ตฌ์กฑ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (3-4)์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„์˜ ์œ ๋„์ด๋“ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (6-7)์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™๊ณผ ํ‘œ์ ์„ ์š”๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (8)์€ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (1)์„ ์ด๋™ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ํ˜ธ๋ฐ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™๋“ค์€ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„(์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์œจ, Look Angle Rate)์˜ ๊ตฌ์†์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋ค„์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ์˜ ๊น€๋ฐœ๊ฐ/FOV ์•ˆ์— ํ‘œ์ ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜์—ฌ๋„ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ๋˜ํ•œ ํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ์˜ ํ‘œ์  ์ถ”์ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊น€๋ฐœํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œ์ ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊น€๋ฐœ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์œ„์น˜์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์˜ ๊น€๋ฐœ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ŠคํŠธ๋žฉ๋‹ค์šด ํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ‘œ์  ์ถ”์ ์‹คํŒจ๋กœ ๋น ์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ŠคํŠธ๋žฉ๋‹ค์šด ์˜์ƒํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ‘์žฌํ•œ ์œ ๋„ํƒ„์— ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํš๋“ํ•œ ํ‘œ์  ์˜์ƒ์— ๋ชจ์…˜๋ธ”๋Ÿฌ(Motion Blur)๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์–ด ํ‘œ์  ํ˜•์ƒ ์‹๋ณ„์ด ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ‘œ์  ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๊ฐ์†Œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ‘œ์  ์ถ”์  ์‹คํŒจ/์žฌํƒ์ง€ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํ˜ธ๋ฐ์œ ๋„ ์ค‘ ํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ์˜ ํ‘œ์ ์ •๋ณด ํš๋“ ์‹คํŒจ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์ข…๋ง ์œ ๋„์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ €ํ•˜๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 1. ์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจ์…˜๋ธ”๋Ÿฌ(Motion Blur) ํ˜„์ƒ ์˜ˆ (9)

Fig. 1. Motion Blur Image Example (9)

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2019.68.4.566/fig1.png

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—๋Š” ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ด๋™ ํ‘œ์ ์„ ์š”๊ฒฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ํ‘œ์ -์œ ๋„ํƒ„์˜ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ์šด๋™๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํ˜• ์ƒ๋Œ€์šด๋™ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„์˜ ์„ ํ˜• ํ•ด์„ํ•ด(Closed-form Solution)์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„์˜ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ€ํ™” ํŠน์ง•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์ œ์–ด ๋ฐ ์œ ์ง€์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„์™€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ๊ทผ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ์„ ํ˜• ํ•ด์„ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ์š”๊ฒฉ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์กฐ๊ฑด ๋ฐ ์„ ํ˜• ํ•ด์„ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํŠน์ง• ๋ฐ ์œ ๋„์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋กœ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์„ ์†๋„๋ฒกํ„ฐ์™€ ํ‘œ์  ์‹œ์„ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์œ ๋„ํƒ„ ๋™์ฒด์ถ•๊ณผ ์‹œ์„ ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ด๊ฐ์ด ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ธฐ๋™์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ ๋„ํƒ„์˜ ๋ฐ›์Œ๊ฐ์ด ์ž‘๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฐ›์Œ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด (๊ณต๋ ฅ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„ํƒ„์˜ ์ •์ƒ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์ฒด๊ฐ์†๋„์™€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์œจ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์ผํ•จ), ์†๋„๋ฒกํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœํ•œ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์˜ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 2. ํ‘œ์ -์œ ๋„ํƒ„๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™

Fig. 2. Target-Missile Engagement Geometry

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2019.68.4.566/fig2.png

2. ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„์˜ ํŠน์ง•

2.1 ํ‘œ์ -์œ ๋„ํƒ„๊ฐ„์˜ ์šด๋™๊ธฐํ•˜

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2์— ๋„์‹œ๋œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด Head-on ๊ต์ „ ๊ธฐํ•˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด, ๊ด€์„ฑ์ขŒํ‘œ๊ณ„($X_{I}-Y_{I}$)๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์ ์†๋„($V_{T}$) ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ๊ณผ ํ‰ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œ์ -์œ ๋„ํƒ„์˜ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ์šด๋™๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(1)
$$ \dot{x}_{M}=V_{M} \cos \gamma, \quad \dot{y}_{M}=V_{M} \sin \gamma, \quad \dot{\gamma}=a / V_{M} $$

(2)
$$ \dot{x}_{T}=-V_{T}, \quad \dot{y}_{T}=0 $$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ $\left(x_{M}, y_{M}\right), \gamma, V_{M}$ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  $a$๋Š” ์œ ๋„ํƒ„์˜ ์œ„์น˜, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ฒฝ๋กœ ๊ฐ, ์†๋„, ๊ฐ€์†๋„์ด๋ฉฐ, $\left(x_{T}, y_{T}\right)$๋Š” ํ‘œ์ ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์œ„ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ ํ‘œ์ ๊ณผ ์œ ๋„ํƒ„์˜ ์†๋„๋Š” ์งง์€ ๊ต์ „์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์•„๋ž˜ ๋“ฑ์†๋„๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์œ„ ์‹์—์„œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ($R$)์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ์„ ๊ฐ($\lambda$) ๋ฐ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„์ด ์ž‘๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์•„๋ž˜, ์„ ํ˜•ํ™”๋œ ์ƒ๋Œ€์šด๋™ ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฅผ ์‹(3)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋„์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(3)
$\dot{y}=\dot{y}_{T}-\dot{y}_{M} \approx-V_{M} \gamma, \quad \ddot{y}=-V_{M} \dot{\gamma}=-a$

๋˜ํ•œ, ์„ ํ˜• ์ƒ๋Œ€์šด๋™๊ธฐํ•˜ ์กฐ๊ฑดํ•˜์—์„œ์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” $R=V_{c}\left(t_{f}-t\right)=V_{c} t_{g o}$ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ ‘๊ทผ์†๋„ $V_{c}=V_{T}+V_{M}$ ๊ณผ ๊ต์ „์ข…๋ง์‹œ๊ฐ„ $t_{f}=R\left(t_{0}\right) / V_{c}$ ๋กœ ์ •์˜๋œ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ์  ์š”๊ฒฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„(Proportional Navigation Guidance, PNG)๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ ๋„๋ช…๋ น ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(4)
$a_{P N}=N V_{c} \dot{\lambda}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ $\dot{\lambda}$๋Š” ๊ด€์„ฑ์ขŒํ‘œ๊ณ„ $X_{I}$์ถ•์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜๋œ ์‹œ์„ ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์œจ์ด๋ฉฐ, $N$์€ ์œ ๋„์ด๋“์„ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ์œ„ ์œ ๋„๋ช…๋ น์€ ํ‘œ์  ์‹œ์„ ์— ์ˆ˜์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” True PNG์˜ ์œ ๋„๋ช…๋ น ํ˜•ํƒœ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํƒ„์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ขŒํ‘œ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ–‰๋ ฌ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์†๋„์— ์ˆ˜์งํ•œ ๊ฐ€์†๋„๋ช…๋ น์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ($\sigma$)์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ž‘๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด $\cos \sigma \approx 1$์„ ํ†ตํ•ด $a=a_{P N}$๋กœ์„œ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ๋„ ๋ฌด๋ฐฉํ•˜๋‹ค.

2.2 Closed-form Solution ๋ฐ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ํŠน์„ฑ

์•ž ์ ˆ์—์„œ ์ •์˜ํ•œ ์‹(3)์˜ ์„ ํ˜• ์ƒ๋Œ€์šด๋™๋ฐฉ์ •์‹๊ณผ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„ ๋ช…๋ น ์‹(4)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ 1์ฐจ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ๋„์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(10).

(5)
$\frac{d y}{d t}+\frac{N}{t_{f}-t} y=C_{1}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ $C_{1}$์€ ์ ๋ถ„์ƒ์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ƒํƒœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์„ ํ˜•ํ™” ๊ฐ€์ •์•„๋ž˜ $\lambda \approx y / R=y / V_{c} t_{g o}$๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ ์‹์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์‹(5)์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ํ•ด๋Š” ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋กœ ๋น„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ๋„ํƒ„๊ณผ ํ‘œ์ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์œ„์น˜($\mathcal{Y}$)์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์‹œ์„ ๊ฐ, ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ($\sigma$), ๋น„ํ–‰๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ํŠน์„ฑ๋„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹(5)์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (10)์— ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ž„์˜์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์‹œ๊ฐ„($t_{0}$)๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ๋Œ€์œ„์น˜ ํ•ด์„ํ•ด($y_{c l}^{P N}(t)$)๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(6)
$y_{c l}^{P N}(t)=\frac{C_{1}\left(t_{f}-t_{0}\right)}{N-1}\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}-t_{0}}\right)-\frac{C_{1}\left(t_{f}-t_{0}\right)}{N-1}\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}-t_{0}}\right)^{N}+C_{2}\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}-t_{0}}\right)^{N}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, ์ ๋ถ„์ƒ์ˆ˜๋Š”

(7)
$C_{1}=\dot{y}\left(t_{0}\right)+\frac{y\left(t_{0}\right) N}{t_{f}-t_{0}}, \quad C_{2}=y\left(t_{0}\right)$

์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์‹(6)์„ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๋Œ€์œ„์น˜ $y$์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ€ํ™”์œจ์„ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(8)
$\dot{y}_{c l}^{P N}(t)=-\frac{C_{1}}{N-1}+\frac{C_{1} N}{N-1}\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}-t_{0}}\right)^{N-1}-\frac{C_{2} N}{t_{f}-t_{0}}\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}-t_{0}}\right)^{N-1}$

์‹(6)๊ณผ ์‹(8)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉด,

(9)
$\begin{aligned} \sigma_{c l}^{P N}(t)=& \lambda_{c l}^{P N}-\gamma_{c l}^{P N}=\frac{y_{c l}^{P N}}{V_{c} t_{g o}}+\frac{\dot{y}_{c l}^{P N}}{V_{M}} \\=& \frac{C_{1}}{N-1}\left(\frac{1}{V_{c}}-\frac{1}{V_{M}}\right)+\frac{C_{1}}{N-1}\left(\frac{N}{V_{M}}-\frac{1}{V_{c}}\right)\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}-t_{0}}\right)^{N-1} \\ &+\frac{C_{2}}{t_{f}-t_{0}}\left(\frac{1}{V_{c}}-\frac{N}{V_{M}}\right)\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}-t_{0}}\right)^{N-1} \end{aligned}$

์ด๊ณ , ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 3. ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์œ„์น˜/์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ€ํ™”

Fig. 3. Relative Position and Look Angle Rate of PNG

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2019.68.4.566/fig3.png

(10)
$\dot{\sigma}_{c l}^{P N}(t)=-\frac{C_{1}}{\left(t_{f}-t_{0}\right)}\left(\frac{N}{V_{M}}-\frac{1}{V_{c}}\right)\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}-t_{0}}\right)^{N-2}$ $-\frac{C_{2}(N-1)}{\left(t_{f}-t_{0}\right)^{2}}\left(\frac{1}{V_{c}}-\frac{N}{V_{M}}\right)\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}-t_{0}}\right)^{N-2}$

์œ„ ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ์œ ๋„์ด๋“์ด 2๋ณด๋‹ค ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„์˜ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋Š” ํ‘œ์ ์— ๋„๋‹ฌ ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก($t : t_{0} \rightarrow t_{f}$) ์ ์  โ€œ0โ€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ต์ „๊ธฐํ•˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„($\dot{\sigma}_{c l}^{P N}\left(t_{0}\right)$)๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๋Œ€์น˜์— ํ•ด๋‹น๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์น˜ $y\left(t_{0}\right)=60 m, \quad \dot{y}\left(t_{0}\right)=500 \cdot(5 \cdot \pi / 180) \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}$ ์™€ N$=$4, $V_{c}=$$1500 m/s$, $t_{f}=1.5s$๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๋Œ€์œ„์น˜์™€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์€ ํ‘œ์ -์œ ๋„ํƒ„๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ ์  ์ค„์ด๋ฉด์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์˜์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ ด์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์œ ๋„๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ํ‘œ์ -์œ ๋„ํƒ„๊ฐ„์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ๊ธฐํ•˜(Collision Course)๋ฅผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜•์„ฑ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ์ž ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์œ ๋„๋ช…๋ น์€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋น„ํ–‰๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ ๋ฐ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์˜ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์•ผ๊ธฐ๋œ๋‹ค.

3. ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œํ•œ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™

3.1 ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™

์•ž ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋“ฏ์ด, ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋Š” ํ‘œ์ ๊ณผ์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํฐ ์œ ๋„๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ๋˜ํ•œ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ์ŠคํŠธ๋žฉ๋‹ค์šด ์˜์ƒํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ‘์žฌํ•œ ์œ ๋„ํƒ„์— ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด, ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํ‘œ์ ๊ณผ์˜ ์›๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ํƒ„์˜ ํฐ ๊ธฐ๋™์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ‘œ์ ์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจ์…˜๋ธ”๋Ÿฌ(Motion Blur) ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์–ด ํ‘œ์ ํ˜•์ƒ์ด ํ๋ ค์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ‘œ์ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์–ด ํ‘œ์  ํƒ์ง€/์ถ”์ ์— ์‹คํŒจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์  ํƒ์ง€/์ถ”์ ์ด ์ด๋ค„์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ธ๋ฐ์ด ์ด๋ค„์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

์˜์ƒํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ์˜ ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ดํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ‘œ์  ํƒ์ง€/์ถ”์ ์— ํ—ˆ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„์˜ ์ œํ•œ์น˜($\dot{\sigma}_{\max }$)๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ•ด์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด ์ œํ•œ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์œ ์ง€์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋„์ถœ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(11)
$\dot{\sigma}=\dot{\lambda}-\dot{\gamma}=\dot{\sigma}_{\max }$

์œ„ ์‹๊ณผ $\dot{\gamma}=a / V_{M}$ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์œ ๋„๋ช…๋ น์€

(12)
$a_{L C}=V_{M}\left(\dot{\lambda}-\dot{\sigma}_{\max }\right)$

์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

3.2 ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™

๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„์˜ ๊ฐ€์†๋„๋ช…๋ น์— ์˜ํ•ด ์•ผ๊ธฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ด€๊ณ„์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค.

(13)
$\dot{\sigma}_{P N}=\dot{\lambda}-\frac{a_{P N}}{V_{M}}=\left(1-\frac{N V_{c}}{V_{M}}\right) \dot{\lambda}$

๋งŒ์•ฝ $\left|\dot{\sigma}_{P N}\left(t_{0}\right)\right| <\dot{\sigma}_{\max }$์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ต์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋ฅผ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋Š” ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ œํ•œ์น˜ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ์˜์ƒํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ์˜ ํ‘œ์ ์ถ”์ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ํ‘œ์ ์š”๊ฒฉ ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์™„์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, $\left|\dot{\sigma}_{P N}\left(t_{0}\right)\right|>\dot{\sigma}_{\max }$์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ต์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋Š” ์ตœ๋Œ€ ํ—ˆ์šฉ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋„˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ํ—ˆ์šฉ์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™($a_{L C}$)์„ ์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ์ž„์˜์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„, $t_{s}\left( <t_{f}\right)$์—์„œ $\left|\dot{\sigma}_{P N}\left(t_{s}\right)\right| < \dot{\sigma}_{\max }$๋ฅผ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ธ๋ฐ์„ ์ด๋ฃฌ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋Š” ์ตœ๋Œ€์น˜์—์„œ ์˜์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ ดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ํ‘œ์ ์š”๊ฒฉ์˜ ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4์™€ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์•„๋ž˜์˜ 2๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Case 1 : $\left|\dot{\sigma}_{P N}\left(t_{0}\right)\right| \leq \dot{\sigma}_{\max }$๊ฒฝ์šฐ, $a=a_{P N}=N V_{c} \dot{\lambda}$์ ์šฉ(ํ˜ธ๋ฐ ์ „๊ตฌ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„ ์œ ์ง€)

Case 2 : $\left|\dot{\sigma}_{P N}\left(t_{0}\right)\right|>\dot{\sigma}_{\max }$๊ฒฝ์šฐ,

1) $a=a_{L C}=V_{M}\left(\dot{\lambda}-\dot{\sigma}_{\max } \operatorname{sign}\left(\dot{\sigma}_{P N}\right)\right)$ until $\left|\dot{\sigma}_{P N}(t)\right| < \dot{\sigma}_{\max }$ & $t=t_{s}<t_{f}$

2) $\left|\dot{\sigma}_{P N}\left(t_{s}\right)\right|<\dot{\sigma}_{\max }$ ๋งŒ์กฑ์‹œ, $a=a_{P N}=N V_{c} \dot{\lambda}$ ์ „ํ™˜ ๋ฐ ์ข…๋งํ˜ธ๋ฐ

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 4. ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๋„

Fig. 4. Flow Chart of Composite Guidance Law

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2019.68.4.566/fig4.png

3.3 ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„์˜ Closed-form Solution ๋ฐ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ์š”๊ฒฉ์กฐ๊ฑด

์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถฉ๋Œ๊ธฐํ•˜(Collision Course) ํ˜•์„ฑ์„ ์ €ํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ํ‘œ์  ์š”๊ฒฉ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ต์ „๊ธฐํ•˜์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ œํ•œ๋  ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ์š”๊ฒฉ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์˜์—ญ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํ•ด์„ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค.

(14)
$\frac{d y}{d t}+\frac{k}{t_{f}-t} y=V_{M} \dot{\sigma}_{d} t+C_{3}$

์œ„ ์‹์€ ์‹(12)์— ์ •์˜๋œ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด์œ ๋„์˜ ๊ฐ€์†๋„๋ช…๋ น์„ ์‹(3)์— ๋Œ€์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ๋„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, $C_{3}$๋Š” ์ ๋ถ„์ƒ์ˆ˜, $k=V_{M} / V_{c}$, $\dot{\sigma}_{d}=\dot{\sigma}_{\max } \operatorname{sign}\left(\dot{\sigma}_{P N}\left(t_{0}\right)\right)$๋กœ ์ •์˜๋œ ์ƒ์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค.

2.2์ ˆ์— ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ์ดˆ๊ธฐ $t_{0}=0$๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์œ„์น˜ ํ•ด($y_{c l}^{I C}(t)$)๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(15)
$y_{c l}^{L C}(t)=\frac{V_{M} \dot{\sigma}_{d} t_{f} t}{k-1}\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}}\right)-\frac{V_{M} \dot{\sigma}_{d} t_{f}^{2}}{(k-1)(k-2)}\left[\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}}\right)^{2}-\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}}\right)^{k}\right]$ $+\frac{C_{3} t_{f}}{k-1}\left[\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}}\right)-\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}}\right)^{k}\right]+C_{4}\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}}\right)^{k}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, ์ ๋ถ„์ƒ์ˆ˜๋Š”

(16)
$C_{3}=\dot{y}(0)+\frac{y(0) k}{t_{f}}, \quad C_{4}=y(0)$

์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์‹(15)๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์œ„์น˜์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ€ํ™”์œจ์„ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(17)
$\dot{y}_{c l}^{L C}(t)=\frac{V_{M} \dot{\sigma}_{d} t_{f}}{k-1}\left(\frac{t_{f}-2 t}{t_{f}}\right)+\frac{V_{M} \dot{\sigma}_{d} t_{f}}{(k-1)(k-2)}\left[2\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}}\right)-k\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}}\right)^{k-1}\right]$ $-\frac{C_{3}}{k-1}\left[1-k\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}}\right)^{k-1}\right]-\frac{C_{4} k}{t_{f}}\left(\frac{t_{f}-t}{t_{f}}\right)^{k-1}$

์œ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ตฌํ•ด์ง„ ์‹(15)โˆผ (17)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™ ์ „ํ™˜์กฐ๊ฑด์ธ $\dot{\sigma}_{P N}$์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ€ํ™” ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(18)
$\dot{\sigma}_{P N}(t)=\left(1-\frac{N V_{c}}{V_{M}}\right) \dot{\lambda}_{c l}^{L C}(t)=\left(1-\frac{N V_{c}}{V_{M}}\right)\left[\frac{y_{c l}^{L C}+\dot{y}_{c l}^{L C}\left(t_{f}-t\right)}{V_{c}\left(t_{f}-t\right)^{2}}\right]$

์œ„ ์‹๊ณผ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ต์ „์กฐ๊ฑด, ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œํ•œ์น˜ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ $\left|\dot{\sigma}_{P N}(t)\right| <\dot{\sigma}_{\max }$์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ „ํ™˜์‹œ์ , $t_{s}$๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ „ํ™˜์‹œ์ ์ด ๊ต์ „์ข…๋ง์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ „($t_{s} <t_{f}$)์— ์ด๋ค„์ ธ์•ผ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์ด ํ‘œ์ ์š”๊ฒฉ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ ๋„ํƒ„์˜ lag-system์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์‹œ์ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ต์ „์ข…๋ง์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์ž”์—ฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„, $t_{s} <t_{f}$๊ฐ€ lag-system์˜ ์‹œ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ปค์•ผ ํ‘œ์ ์„ ์š”๊ฒฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•ด์„ํ•ด๋Š” ์‹(6)โˆผ (8)๊ณผ ์‹(15)โˆผ (17)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ Case 1: $\left|\dot{\sigma}_{P N}\left(t_{0}\right)\right| \leq \dot{\sigma}_{\max }$์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ˜ธ๋ฐ ์ „๊ตฌ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํ•ด์„ํ•ด๋Š” ์‹(6)โˆผ (8)๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋‹ค. Case 2: $\left|\dot{\sigma}_{P N}\left(t_{0}\right)\right|>\dot{\sigma}_{\max }$์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์œ ๋„๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์ด ์ ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹(15)โˆผ (17)์˜ ํ•ด์„ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค๊ฐ€, $\left|\dot{\sigma}_{P N}(t)\right| <\dot{\sigma}_{\max }$๋ฅผ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” $t_{s}$์‹œ์ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๋˜์–ด ํ˜ธ๋ฐ์ด ์ด๋ค„์ง€๋ฏ€๋กœ $t_{0}=t_{s}$, $y\left(t_{0}\right)=y_{c l}^{L C}\left(t_{s}\right)$, $\dot{y}\left(t_{0}\right)=\dot{y}_{c l}^{L C}\left(t_{s}\right)$์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์•„๋ž˜ ์ข…๋ง์‹œ์ ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹(6)โˆผ (8)์˜ ํ•ด์„ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 5. ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„์™€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ๋น„๊ต๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Fig. 5. Comparison of PNG and Composite Guidance Law

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2019.68.4.566/fig5.png

4. ์ˆ˜์น˜์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜

4.1 ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํŠน์ง•

์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํŠน์ง• ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2์˜ Head-on ๊ต์ „์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‹(1)โˆผ (2)์˜ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ์šด๋™๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์น˜์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์กฐ๊ฑด ๋“ฑ์€ ํ‘œ 1์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„์™€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™๊ฐ„์˜ ๋น„๊ต๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œํ•œ์น˜์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ ๋„์„ฑ๋Šฅ/ํŠน์ง•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์„œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

4.1 ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํŠน์ง•

ํ‘œ 1์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ $\dot{\sigma}_{\max }=15 \operatorname{deg} / S$๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋กœ ํ˜ธ๋ฐํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋„ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํฐ ๊ฐ€์†๋„๋ช…๋ น(๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5(a))์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹œ์„ ๊ฐ์†๋„(๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5(d))๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ค„์ด๋ฉด์„œ ํ‘œ์ ๊ณผ์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํฐ ๊ฐ€์†๋„ ๋ช…๋ น์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„(๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5(b)) ๋˜ํ•œ ์ œํ•œ์น˜ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์ ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ดˆ๊ธฐ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์ผ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๋น„ํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•ฝ 0.5์ดˆ ๋ฌด๋ ต์— ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ˜ธ๋ฐ์ด ์ด๋ค„์ง์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œ์น˜ ์•ˆ์— ์œ ์ง€์‹œ์ผœ์ฃผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ์—ฐ์†์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์†๋„๋ช…๋ น์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ‘œ์ ์š”๊ฒฉ์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์•ž ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํ•ด์„ํ•ด(Closed-form Sol., ์›ํ‘œ์‹œ)๋ฅผ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด๋ณด์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5(b)~5(d)๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•ด์„ํ•ด์™€ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ์น˜ํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 1. ์ˆ˜์น˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด

Table 1. Numerical Simulation Conditions

์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํ‘œ์  ์œ„์น˜

$\left(x_{T}, y_{T}\right)$

(2,250, 60)$m$

ํ‘œ์  ์†๋„

VT

1,000$m/s$

์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์œ ๋„ํƒ„ ์œ„์น˜

$\left(x_{M}, y_{M}\right)$

(0, 0)$m$

์œ ๋„ํƒ„ ์†๋„

$V_{M}$

500$m/s$

์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์œ ๋„ํƒ„ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ

$\gamma$

$-5$ deg

๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ• ์œ ๋„์ด๋“

N

4

์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œํ•œ์น˜

$\dot{\sigma}_{\max }$

$(20,15,11) \operatorname{deg} / s$

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 6. ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œํ•œ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ณ„ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํŠน์ง•

Fig. 6. Characteristic of Composite Guidance Law with Various Maximum Look Angle Rates

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2019.68.4.566/fig6.png

4.2 ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œํ•œ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ณ„ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํŠน์ง•

์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ $\dot{\sigma}_{\max }=20,15,11 \operatorname{deg} / s$์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6(a)์™€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6(d)๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œํ•œ์น˜์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์•„์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์‹œ์„ ๊ฐ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์ˆ˜๋ ดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ‘œ์ ๊ณผ์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6.b์™€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œํ•œ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์•„์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ํ˜ธ๋ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ ๋„๋ช…๋ น ๋˜ํ•œ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์ง€๋งŒ, ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์‹œ์ ์ด ๋Šฆ์–ด์ง์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œํ•œ์น˜๊ฐ€ 10deg/s ์ดํ•˜๋ฉด ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‘œ์ ์š”๊ฒฉ์— ์‹คํŒจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ต์ „์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ „ํ™˜์‹œ์ ์ด $t_{s} <t_{f}$์„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ $t_{f}-t_{s}>>0$์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œํ•œ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์„ค์ •๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ด๋™ํ‘œ์ ์„ ์š”๊ฒฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์„ ํ˜• ํ•ด์„ํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ€ํ™” ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋‹ค ํ‘œ์ ์š”๊ฒฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์œ ๋„๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ์„ ํ˜• ํ•ด์„ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํ‘œ์ ์š”๊ฒฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์€ ์‹œ์„ ๊ฐ์†๋„์™€ ์ ‘๊ทผ์†๋„, ํƒ„์˜ ์†๋„์ •๋ณด๋งŒ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์„ ๊ฐ์†๋„๋Š” ํƒ์ƒ‰๊ธฐ์˜ ์ง€ํ–ฅ๊ฐ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํƒ„์˜ ์†๋„๋Š” ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์† ์ด๋™ํ‘œ์ ์„ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์–ด์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ์ง€์ƒ๋ ˆ์ด๋” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋„ํƒ„๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ง€์ƒ๋ ˆ์ด๋”์˜ ํ‘œ์ ์ •๋ณด์™€ ํƒ„์˜ ํ•ญ๋ฒ•์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ‘๊ทผ์†๋„ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ถ”์ •์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์€ ์‹ค์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์ ์šฉ์ด ์šฉ์ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ์šด๋™๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์œ ๋„๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ํŠน์ง• ๋ฐ ์œ ๋„์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

References

1 
T.-H. Kim, B.-G. Park, M.-J. Tahk, 2013, Bias-shaping method for biased proportional navigation with terminal-angle constraint, Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, Vol. 36, No. 6, pp. 1810-1816DOI
2 
B.-G. Park, T.-H. Kim, M.-J. Tahk, 2013, Optimal impact angle control guidance law considering the seekerโ€™s field-of-view limits, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering, Vol. 227, No. 8, pp. 1347-1364DOI
3 
R. Tekin, K. S. Erer, 2015, Switched-gain guidance for impact angle control under physical constraints, Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 205-216DOI
4 
K. S. Erer, R. Tekin, M. K. Ozgoren, 2015, AIAA 2015-0091, Look angle constrained impact angle control based on proportional navigation, in AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control ConferenceDOI
5 
B.-G. Park, T.-H. Kim, M.-J. Tahk, 2016, Range-to-go weighted optimal guidance with impact angle constraint and seekerโ€™s look angle limits, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 1241-1256DOI
6 
B.-G. Park, H.-H. Kwon, Y.-H. Kim, T.-H. Kim, 2016, Composite guidance scheme for impact angle control against a nonmaneuvering moving target, Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, Vol. 39, No. 5, pp. 1132-1139DOI
7 
A. Ratnoo, 2016, Analysis of two-stage proportional navigation with heading constraints, Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 156-164DOI
8 
B.-G. Park, T.-H. Kim, M.-J. Tahk, 2017, Biased PNG with terminal-angle constraint for intercepting non- maneuvering targets, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol. 53, No. 3, pp. 1562-1572DOI
9 
B. Pueo, 2016, High speed cameras for motion analysis in sports science, Journal of Human Sport &amp; Exercise, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 53-73DOI
10 
P. Zarchan, 2012, Tactical and strategic missile guidance, 6th ed., AIAA, Reston, VADOI

์ €์ž์†Œ๊ฐœ

๊น€ํƒœํ›ˆ (Tae-Hun Kim)
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2005๋…„ ํ•œ๊ตญํ•ญ๊ณต๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ•ญ๊ณต์šฐ์ฃผ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ณตํ•™์‚ฌ.

2007๋…„ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ์› ํ•ญ๊ณต์šฐ์ฃผ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ณตํ•™์„์‚ฌ.

2012๋…„ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ์› ํ•ญ๊ณต์šฐ์ฃผ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ณตํ•™๋ฐ•์‚ฌ.

2012๋…„~ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๊ณผํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ ์„ ์ž„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›.

๊ด€์‹ฌ๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ์œ ๋„ํƒ„ ์œ ๋„์ œ์–ด, ํ‘œ์  ์ถ”์  ํ•„ํ„ฐ, ๋จธ์‹ ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ๋“ฑ

๋ฐ•๋ด‰๊ท  (Bong-Gyun Park)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2019.68.4.566/au2.png

2008๋…„ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ณตํ•™์‚ฌ.

2010๋…„ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ์› ํ•ญ๊ณต์šฐ์ฃผ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ณตํ•™์„์‚ฌ.

2013๋…„ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ์› ํ•ญ๊ณต์šฐ์ฃผ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ณตํ•™๋ฐ•์‚ฌ.

2013๋…„~2017๋…„ LIG๋„ฅ์Šค์› ์„ ์ž„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›.

2017๋…„~ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๊ณผํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ ์„ ์ž„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›.

๊ด€์‹ฌ๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ์œ ๋„ํƒ„ ์œ ๋„์ œ์–ด, ๊ถค์ ์ตœ์ ํ™”, ๋จธ์‹ ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ๋“ฑ