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  1. (Dept. of Computer Engineering, Kangwon National University, Korea.)
  2. (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea.)
  3. (School of Electrical Engineering, Soonsil University, Korea.)



Electrified railway, Induction Voltage, Predictive Calculation, Magnetic Induction, EMI

1. μ„œ λ‘ 

전기철도가 μš΄ν–‰λ˜λŠ” κ·Όμ²˜μ§€μ—­μ—λŠ” κΈˆμ†μ„± 톡신선에 μœ λ„μ „μ••μ΄ μœ κΈ°λœλ‹€. 이에 따라 철도가 건섀될 λ•ŒλŠ” μ „λ ₯μœ λ„λ‘œ μΈν•œ ν”Όν•΄κ°€ 없도둝 미리 λ°©μ§€μ‘°μΉ˜λ₯Ό ν•˜λ„λ‘ λ²•μœΌλ‘œ κ·œμ •ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€(1). λŒ€μƒμ΄ λ˜λŠ” μœ λ„μ „μ••μ€ μ΄μƒμ‹œ μœ λ„μ „μ••, μƒμ‹œ μœ λ„μ’…μ „μ••, κΈ°κΈ° μ˜€λ™μž‘ μœ λ„μ’…μ „μ••, μœ λ„μž‘μŒμ „μ••μ΄λ‹€. μœ λ„μ „μ••μ€ Inductive, Capacitive, Resistive Interference 영ν–₯ λͺ¨λ‘μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ λ°œμƒν•˜λ‚˜ λŒ€μ§€λ₯Ό μΌλΆ€κ·€λ‘œλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” μ „κΈ°μ² λ„μ˜ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” Magnetic Induction 에 μ˜ν•œ μœ λ„μ „μ••μ΄ μ§€λ°°μ μ΄λ―€λ‘œ 이 μš”μ†Œλ§Œ κ³„μ‚°ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. μ „λ ₯μœ λ„μ „μ••μ„ κ³„μ‚°ν•˜λŠ” 지침과 츑정방법은 κ³ μ‹œ(2),(3) 및 λ‹¨μ²΄ν‘œμ€€(4)-(11)에 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜ μžˆλ‹€. 전기철도 계톡은 κΈ‰μ „μ„ , μ „μ°¨μ„ , λ³΄ν˜Έμ„ , 평행 접지선 λ“± λ‹€μˆ˜μ˜ μ „κΈ°λ„μ²΄λ‘œ 이루어져 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ 보톡 β€˜λ‹€λ„μ²΄λ²•μ— μ˜ν•œ μœ λ„μ „μ•• 계산 방법’(13)-(15)을 μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€. 이 계산을 μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ³„μ‚°ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨(17)을 1993년도에 μž‘μ„±ν•˜μ—¬ μ΅œκ·ΌκΉŒμ§€ μ‚¬μš©ν•΄ μ™”λ‹€. 이후 고속전기철도가 κ΅¬μΆ•λœ ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œμ˜ μΈ‘μ • 비ꡐ가 μˆ˜μ°¨λ‘€ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘Œκ³ , 이 κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ 초기 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ μ—…λ°μ΄νŠΈμ˜ ν•„μš”μ„±μ΄ μ ˆμ‹€ν•˜κ²Œ λŒ€λ‘λ˜μ–΄ 2019λ…„ κ³Όν•™κΈ°μˆ μ •λ³΄ν†΅μ‹ λΆ€μ˜ μ£Όλ„ν•˜μ— μ‹ κ·œ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ 개발이 μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€(18). λ³Έ λ…Όλ¬Έμ—μ„œλŠ” 초기 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ μ„€κ³„λ³΄κ³ μ„œμ™€ λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ—¬ λ³€κ²½ν•œ 사항에 λŒ€ν•œ 효과 검토와 ν˜„μž₯ 츑정을 ν†΅ν•œ 검증 결과에 λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ λ…Όν•˜κ³  μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ³„μ‚°μ„ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” 데 ν•„μš”ν•œ μ€‘μš” μˆ˜μΉ™μ„ μ œμ‹œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.

2. λ³Έ λ‘ 

κ³ μ‹œμ— μ˜ν•΄ μˆ˜μΉ˜κ°€ μ œν•œλ˜λŠ” μœ λ„μ „μ•• 쀑 κ°€μž₯ μ£Όλͺ©μ„ λ°›λŠ” 것은 톡신 ν’ˆμ§ˆμ„ ν›Όμ†μ‹œν‚€λŠ” μ„ κ°„ μœ λ„μž‘μŒμ „μ••μ΄λ‹€. 이 μœ λ„μ „μ••μ„ κ³„μ‚°ν•˜λŠ” μˆ˜μ‹μ€ κ³ μ‹œμ— λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Έ 것과 같이 λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€(2).

(1)
$$ V_{n}=\sum_{k}\left\{\left(j \omega_{n} \cdot \frac{A m p K m_{n}}{D}\right) \cdot J_{p} \cdot M_{n} \cdot l \cdot K \cdot \lambda\right\} \times 10^{-3}[m V] $$

$V_{n}$: μœ λ„μž‘μŒμ „μ•• $[m V]$

$\omega_{n}$: $800 Hz$에 λŒ€ν•œ 각속도 $[rad/\sec]$

$Amp Km_{n}$: λ‹¨κΆŒλ³€μ••κΈ° κΈ‰μ „λ°©μ‹μ˜ ꡐλ₯˜μ „μ²  μ‹œμ„€μ— μ˜ν•œ μœ λ„μ „μ••μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ΅¬κ°„μ—μ„œμ˜ μ „μ°¨μ„  λ“±κ°€λ°©ν•΄μ „λ₯˜ 1[$A$]에 λŒ€ν•œ 평균 κΈ°μœ λ„μ „λ₯˜μ™€ 당해ꡬ간 κΈΈμ΄μ™€μ˜ κ³±

$D$ : μœ λ„μ „μ•• 예츑 κ΅¬κ°„μ˜ 거리($km$)

$J_{p}$ : μ „μ°¨μ„ μ˜ μ΅œλŒ€λΆ€ν•˜μ „λ₯˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ“±κ°€λ°©ν•΄μ „λ₯˜ $[A]$

$M_{n}$ : 800γŽμ— λŒ€ν•œ μ „μ°¨μ„ κ³Ό μ „κΈ°ν†΅μ‹ νšŒμ„ κ°„μ˜ μƒν˜ΈμΈλ•ν„΄μŠ€($\mu H / km$)

$l$ : μ „μ°¨μ„ κ³Ό μ „κΈ°ν†΅μ‹ μ„ κ³Όμ˜ 병행거리($km$)

$K$ : 각쒅 μ°¨νκ³„μˆ˜ 쀑 ν•„μš”ν•œ μ°¨νκ³„μˆ˜ ($K_{3n},\:K_{4},\:K_{6},\:K_{7},\:K_{8}$) λ₯Ό κ³±ν•œ κ°’ ($K_{3n}$: μ „κΈ°ν†΅μ‹ μ„ μ˜ μ°¨νκ³„μˆ˜, $K_{3}$: ν„°λ„μ˜ μ°¨νκ³„μˆ˜, $K_{6}$: κ³ κ°€μ°¨νκ³„μˆ˜, $K_{7}$: 톡신케이블 μ‘°μˆ˜μ— μ˜ν•œ μœ λ„μ €κ°κ³„μˆ˜, $K_{8}$: 타ꢀ도에 μ˜ν•œ μ°¨νκ³„μˆ˜)

$k$ : κΈ°μœ λ„μ› 수

$\lambda$ : μ „κΈ°ν†΅μ‹ νšŒμ„ μ˜ ν‰ν˜•λ„

이 식을 κ³„μ‚°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” λ¨Όμ € 철도ꢀ도 νšŒλ‘œμ— μ˜ν•œ κΈ°μœ λ„μ „λ₯˜λ₯Ό κ³„μ‚°ν•˜κ³ , μƒν˜ΈμΈλ•ν„΄μŠ€ 값에 μ˜ν•œ μœ λ„μ „μ••μ„ κ³„μ‚°ν•œλ‹€. μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ κΈ°μœ λ„μ „λ₯˜μ˜ 식은

(2)
$[I_{n}]=\dfrac{Amp Km_{n}}{D}\cdot J_{p}\times 10^{-3}[m A]$

둜 μ •μ˜ν•˜κ³ , 이 값에 μ˜ν•œ μ„ κ°„ 작음 전압식(1)은 κΈ°μœ λ„μ „λ₯˜μ›μ΄ ν•˜λ‚˜μΌ λ•Œ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같이 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Έλ‹€.

(3)
$V_{n}= M_{n}\dfrac{d[I_{n}]}{dt}\cdot l\cdot K\cdot\lambda = j\omega_{n}[I_{n}]\cdot l\cdot K\cdot\lambda [m V]$

κΈ°μœ λ„μ „λ₯˜λ₯Ό κ³„μ‚°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 전기철도에 κ³΅κΈ‰λ˜λŠ” 전원 및 μ°¨νμ„ μ˜ μˆ˜κ°€ 많기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 닀도체법을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. 닀도체법은 κ·Έλ¦Ό 1κ³Ό 같이 μ—¬λŸ¬κ°œμ˜ λ„μ²΄λ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λœ νšŒλ‘œλ§μ—μ„œ λ‹¨μœ„ μ…€ νšŒλ‘œμ‹μ„ κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜μ—¬ 이λ₯Ό 전체 νšŒλ‘œλ§μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ 방정식을 κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜μ—¬ ν’€μ΄ν•˜λŠ” 방법이닀(14).

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 1. 닀도체 μ„ λ‘œ 회둜망의 ꡬ성도 (10)

Fig. 1. diagram of the multi-conductor electric circuit network

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig1.png

(n-1) μ„Ήμ…˜μ—μ„œμ˜ κ΄€κ³„μˆ˜μ‹μ„ μ“°λ©΄,

(4)
$[Z]_{k}[I]_{k}=[V]_{k}-[V]_{k+1}+[F]_{k,\:}(k=1,\: . . . ,\: n-1)$

μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ, $[Z]_{k}$의 λŒ€κ°μ„  성뢄은 k μ„Ήμ…˜μ˜ i-번 λ„μ²΄μ˜ 자기 μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€, $[Z]_{k}$의 λΉ„ λŒ€κ°μ„  성뢄은 k μ„Ήμ…˜μ˜ i-번 λ„μ²΄μ˜ j-번 λ„μ²΄κ°„μ˜ μƒν˜Έ μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€, $[I]_{k},\:[V]_{k}$λŠ” k μ„Ήμ…˜μ˜ μ „λ₯˜ 및 μ „μ•• m X 1 벑터 $[F]_{k}$λŠ” k 지점에 κ³΅κΈ‰λ˜λŠ” μ „μ••κ³Ό μœ λ„λ˜λŠ” μ’…μΈ‘ emf 벑터 이닀.

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 2. i-번째 도체, k번째 μ…€μ˜ μ „κΈ°λ§€κ°œ λ³€μˆ˜

Fig. 2. The electric parameters appearing in the k-th cell of the i-th loop

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig2.png

n μ§€μ μ—μ„œμ˜ 관계식은

(5)
$$ \begin{array}{l} {[Y]_{1}[V]_{1}=-[I]_{1}+[J]_{1}} \\ {[Y]_{k}[V]_{k}=-[I]_{k-1}+[J]_{k} \quad(k=2, \ldots, n-1)} \\ {[Y]_{n}[V]_{n}=-[I]_{n-1}+[J]_{n}} \end{array} $$

μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ, $[Y]_{k}$의 λŒ€κ°μ„  성뢄은 k μ„Ήμ…˜μ˜ i-번 λ„μ²΄μ˜ 자기 μ–΄λ“œλ―Έν„΄μŠ€ κ³„μˆ˜, $[Y]_{k}$의 λΉ„ λŒ€κ°μ„  성뢄은 k μ„Ήμ…˜μ˜ i-번 λ„μ²΄μ˜ j-번 λ„μ²΄κ°„μ˜ μƒν˜Έ μ–΄λ“œλ―Έν„΄μŠ€ κ³„μˆ˜, $[J]_{k}$λŠ” k지점에 μ£Όμž…λ˜λŠ” μ „λ₯˜μ™€ μœ λ„λ˜λŠ” 횑츑 μ „λ₯˜μ΄λ‹€.

전체 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ 방정식을 κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λ©΄,

(6)
$$[D]_{k}[V]_{k-1}+[M]_{k}[V]_{k}+[H]_{k}[V]_{k+1}=[T]_{k}$$ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ, $[D]_{k}= -[Z]_{k-1}^{-1}$ $$[M]_{k}= -[Y]_{k}+[Z]_{k-1}^{-1}+[Z]_{k}^{-1}$$ $$[H]_{k}= -[Z]_{k}^{-1}$$ $$[T]_{k}=[J]_{k}+[Z]_{k-1}^{-1}[F]_{k-1}-[Z]_{k}^{-1}[F]_{k}$$

이 되고 κΈ°μœ λ„μ „λ₯˜μ› 값은

(7)
$$[I]_{k}=[Z]_{k}^{-1}\left[[V]_{k}-[V]_{k+1}+[F]_{k}\right]$$ $$[I]_{k-1}=[Z]_{k-1}^{-1}\left[[V]_{k-1}-[V]_{k}+[F]_{k-1}\right]$$

으둜 ꡬ할 수 μžˆλ‹€.

κΈ°μ‘΄ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μœΌλ‘œ κ³„μ‚°λœ μœ λ„μ „μ••μ„ μΈ‘μ •μΉ˜μ™€ 비ꡐ함에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ 제기된 λ¬Έμ œμ μ€ μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ³„μ‚°μΉ˜κ°€ μΈ‘μ •μΉ˜μ— λΉ„ν•΄ λ„ˆλ¬΄ κ³Όλ„ν•˜κ²Œ λ†’κ²Œ λ‚˜μ˜¨λ‹€λŠ” 점이닀. μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ³„μ‚°μ˜ λͺ©μ μ€ μ² λ„μš΄ν–‰μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜¬ 수 μžˆλŠ” μ΅œμ•… μ‘°κ±΄μ—μ„œμ˜ μ΅œλŒ€μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ°ΎλŠ” κ²ƒμ΄λ―€λ‘œ λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ μž„μ˜μ˜ 짧은 기간에 μΈ‘μ •ν•œ 수치 보닀 λ†’κ²Œ λ‚˜μ™€μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 일뢀 κ΅¬κ°„μ—μ„œλŠ” μ˜ˆμƒν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 값보닀 λ„ˆλ¬΄ κ³Όλ„ν•œ 수치λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄λ―€λ‘œ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” 이λ₯Ό κ°œμ„ ν•  사항을 μ°ΎκΈ° μœ„ν•΄ κΈ°μ΄ˆμ΄λ‘ μ‹ μ μš©λΆ€ν„° 전기철도 κΈ°μˆ λ°œμ „μ— λ”°λ₯Έ λ³€ν™”, μž…λ ₯데이터 μž‘μ„±λ°©λ²•κΉŒμ§€μ˜ 쑰사λ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό, ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ κ΅¬μ„±μƒμ—μ„œμ˜ κ°œμ„ μ μ€ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같이 정리할 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€.

2.1. ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ κ°œμ„  효과 κ²€ν† 

2.1.1. 닀도체법 κ³„μ‚°μ—μ„œμ˜ 계상 도체 수 κ²€ν† 

μœ λ„μ „μ••μ„ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” κΈ°μœ λ„μ „λ₯˜μ›μ„ κ³„μ‚°ν•˜λŠ” λ°©λ²•μ—μ„œ 1993년도 μ„€κ³„λ³΄κ³ μ„œ(17)에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ β€˜μ΅œλŒ€ 12도체λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜κ³  이 수λ₯Ό λ„˜λŠ” κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” ν•©μ„±λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ μ‚°μΆœν•œλ‹€.β€˜ 라고 κΈ°μˆ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ ν˜„ν–‰ κ³ μ†μ „κΈ°μ² λ„λŠ” κ·Έλ¦Ό 3μ—μ„œ λ³΄λŠ” 바와 같이 μžκΈ°μœ λ„μ— 영ν–₯을 μ£ΌλŠ” 평행 μ„ λ‘œκ°€ 토곡볡선 κΈ°μ€€ 15개 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λ©°, 터널ꡬ간이 μ΅œλŒ€ 16도체, κ³ κ°€κ΅¬μ‘°λ¬Όμ—μ„œ 고속전철인 경우 15개의 도체가 μ„€μΉ˜λœλ‹€.

κΈ°μ‘΄ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€ νŠΈλž™λ‹Ή ’전차선, κΈ‰μ „μ„ , 레일, 전차차폐선, 지쀑지선, 보쑰급전선 6λ„μ²΄λ‘œ 볡선 12도체λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€β€˜κ³  λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ”λ°, AT기반 μ² λ„μ˜ 해석에 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 보쑰급전선을 ν¬ν•¨ν•˜μ˜€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ‹€μ œ ν•΄μ„λ³€μˆ˜μ˜ μˆ˜κ°€ λͺ¨μžλΌλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ GMR(Geometrical Mean Radius), GMD (Geometrical Mean Distance)(13) 방법을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ‘°κ°€μ„ κ³Ό μ „μ°¨μ„ , 레일 1쌍 및 접지계톡선 3μ‘°λ₯Ό λ¬Άμ–΄ 1μ„ μ”©μœΌλ‘œ Dataλ₯Ό μž‘μ„±ν•˜κ³  μœ λ„κ³„μ‚°μ‹μ„ Carson-Clem(13) 근사식을 μ μš©ν•˜μ—¬ κ³„μ‚°ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 3. 고속전기철도 μ’…ν–‰ 전기도체 배치 (토곡ꡬ간)

Fig. 3. Disposition of Parallel Conductors in Open Earth High-Speed Electrified Railway

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig3.png

이 경우 비ꡐ적 간격이 μž‘μ€ 레일쌍 μ‘°ν•©μ΄λ‚˜ 저항이 비ꡐ적 높은 쑰가선을 μ „μ°¨μ„ κ³Ό ν•©μ„±ν•˜λŠ” λ°μ—μ„œλŠ” μš°λ €ν•˜λŠ” μ •λ„μ˜ μ˜€μ°¨κ°€ λ°œμƒν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ 수 μžˆμœΌλ‚˜, μ ˆμ—°μ ‘μ§€μ„  2κ°œμ™€ 맀섀접지선을 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λ„μ²΄λ‘œ κ°„μ£Όν•˜λŠ” λ°λŠ” 거리가 λ©€μ–΄ 큰 무리가 λ”°λ₯Έλ‹€ (κ·Έλ¦Ό 3 [GMR-5]). λ˜ν•œ, GMDλŠ” 상관 도선 μœ„μΉ˜λ³„λ‘œ λͺ¨λ‘ 각각 κ³„μ‚°ν•˜μ—¬μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”λ°, 이 계산은 데이터λ₯Ό μž‘μ„±ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬μš©μžκ°€ ν•˜λ„λ‘ λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμ–΄ μ œλŒ€λ‘œ 적용이 μ•ˆ 된 κ²½μš°κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€.

2.1.1.1 GMR, GMD 적용 적정성 κ²€ν† 

GMR($r_{g}'$), GMD($d'_{MN}$ ) 방법은 κ΅°μ§‘ν•˜λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ 개의 도체λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λ„μ²΄λ‘œ λ“±κ°€ν™” ν•˜μ—¬ μ μš©ν•˜λŠ” 방법이닀(13).

(8)
$$r_{g}^{'}=\sqrt[n^{2}]{(r_{1}^{'}d_{12}d_{13}\cdots d_{1n})(d_{21}r_{2}^{'}d_{23}\cdots d_{2n})\cdots(d_{n1}d_{n2}\cdots r_{n}^{'})}$$ $$d_{MN}^{'}=\sqrt[mn]{(d_{m1,\:n1}d_{m1,\:n2}\cdots d_{m1,\:nn})(d_{m2,\:n1}\cdots d_{m2,\:nn})\cdots(d_{mm,\:n1}\cdots d_{mm,\:nn})}$$

μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ $r_{i}'$ : i번 λ„μ²΄μ˜ λ°˜μ§€λ¦„

$d_{ij}$ : i번 도체와 j번 도체 사이 거리

κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 이 식은 ꡰ집화 ν•˜λŠ” λ„μ²΄κ΅°μ˜ 총 μ „λ₯˜ 합이 0인 경우λ₯Ό κ°€μ •ν•˜μ—¬ μœ λ„ν•œ μˆ˜μ‹μ΄λ―€λ‘œ ν˜„ λ¬Έμ œμ— μ μš©ν•˜κΈ° μ λ‹ΉμΉ˜ μ•Šλ‹€. κ·Έλ¦Ό 4에 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Έ 2개의 차폐선을 κ³ λ €ν•œ 계산 μ˜ˆμ—μ„œ 보면, κ·Έλ¦Ό 5처럼 거리가 κ°€κΉŒμšΈμˆ˜λ‘ 큰 였차λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Έλ‹€.

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 4. 두 차폐선을 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λ“±κ°€λ„μ²΄λ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” 경우의 μœ„μΉ˜λ„

Fig. 4. Diagram of 2 shield lines & the equivalent GMD line

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig4.png

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 5. λ‘κ°œμ˜ 도선을 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λ„μ²΄λ‘œ μ μš©ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œμ˜ μ°¨νκ³„μˆ˜ 였차

Fig. 5. The Error of GMR/GMD Apply in 2 wire case

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig5.png

κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ GMR/GMD 방법을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ λ³€μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ€„μ΄λŠ” 것은 였차λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄κ²Œ λœλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  평행도체λ₯Ό 독립적인 μ„ λ‘œλ‘œ κ°„μ£Όν•˜μ—¬ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ 방정식을 κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜κ³  이λ₯Ό κΈ°μ‘΄ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ 결과와 λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 계산결과 λΉ„κ΅λŠ” 2015λ…„ μ „λ ₯μœ λ„μ „μ•• κ³΅λ™μ—°κ΅¬ν˜‘μ˜μ²΄μ—μ„œ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•œ μ—°κ΅¬λ³΄κ³ μ„œ(19)에 κΈ°μ‘΄ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ— μ˜ν•œ μœ λ„μ „μ•• 예츑치 계산 κ²°κ³Όκ°€ λ‚˜μ™€ μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ 이와 동일 μž…λ ₯데이터λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν˜„μž¬ κ°€μž₯ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 되고 μžˆλŠ” λŒ€μƒμ€ μ„ κ°„μž‘μŒμ „μ•• μ œν•œμΈλ°, 이 값은 식(1)μ—μ„œ μ•„λž˜μ™€ 같이 μ •μ˜λ˜λŠ” μ„ λŒ€μ§€ μž‘μŒμ „μ••κ³Ό μ„ λ‘œ μž‘μŒν‰ν˜•λ„μ˜ 곱으둜 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œλ‹€.

(9)
$$ V_{n}=[P I F] \cdot \lambda, $$ where $[P I F]$ $$ =\sum_{k}\left\{j \omega_{n} \cdot \frac{A m p K m_{n}}{D} \cdot J_{p} \cdot M_{n} \cdot l \cdot K \times 10^{-3}\right\}[m V] $$

* $PIF$ : μ„ λŒ€μ§€μž‘μŒμ „μ••(Power InFluence)

μž‘μŒν‰ν˜•λ„λŠ” μ„€μΉ˜λœ μ„ λ‘œμ˜ 쑰건을 λ§žμΆ”κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‹€μΈ‘μœΌλ‘œ κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” κ°’μ΄μ§€λ§Œ, μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ³„μ‚°μ—μ„œλŠ” κ³ μ‹œμ—μ„œ μ •ν•˜λŠ” μƒμˆ˜ 값을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ„λ‘ λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ 물리적인 ν˜„μƒμ„ μ •ν™•νžˆ λΉ„κ΅ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μœ„μ˜ μ„ λŒ€μ§€μž‘μŒμ „μ••μ„ λΉ„κ΅ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ ν•©ν•˜λ‹€.

ν‘œ 1. 1μ°¨ κ°œμ„  비ꡐ κ²°κ³Ό (경감율)

Table 1. Comparison of Results at 1st reformation

No.

Area

Comm.

Office

Comm. Line ID

PIF Calculated [mV]

Reducing Ratio (%)

Previous

Program

1. Wire Addition

1

Chungbuk

Gagyung Taesung

0302-101-044

2,210

1,406

63.6

2

Chungnam

Sejong Bookang

0302-102-009

1.650

928

56.2

3

0302-102-030

2,450

1,445

59.0

4

Chunbuk

Iksan Mangsung

0306-106-033

1,380

865

62.7

5

0306-106-042

1,450

914

63.0

6

Chunnam

KwangJu Im-Gok

0310-122-015

610

291

47.7

7

0310-122-023

760

434

57.1

8

Dae-

gu

KyungJu Hyun-Gok

1101-101-012

2,160

1,811

83.8

9

1101-101-016

1,820

1,074

59.0

10

Ankang Kangdong

1101-101-064

2,350

2,156

91.7

11

Angang Sabang

1101-101-025

2,170

2,218

102.2

Avr%

67.8

계산 κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” ν‘œ 1κ³Ό κ°™μœΌλ©° μ „μ²΄μ μœΌλ‘œ 평균 67.8%의 κ²½κ°μœ¨μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄μ—ˆλ‹€.

2.1.2. 도선 μœ„μΉ˜λ³„ μˆ˜μ‹ 적용

λ‹€λ„μ²΄λ²•μœΌλ‘œ μœ λ„μ „μ••μ„ κ³„μ‚°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μˆ˜μ‹μ€ μ„ λ‘œμ˜ μžκΈ°μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ 및 μƒν˜Έμž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ 계산식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€. μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μžκΈ°μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ 값은 μ„ λ‘œμ˜ μœ„μΉ˜μ— 따라 곡쀑, 지쀑, κ³΅μ€‘λŒ€μ§€κ²½κ³„λ‘œ λ‚˜λ‰˜μ–΄ κ³„μ‚°λ˜κ³ , μƒν˜Έμž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€μ˜ κ²½μš°λŠ” λ‘κ°œμ˜ μ„ λ‘œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이 μ„Έ 가지 μœ„μΉ˜μ˜ μ‘°ν•©μœΌλ‘œ 총 6개의 κ²½μš°κ°€ λ°œμƒν•œλ‹€(14).

2.1.2.1. μ„ λ‘œ μœ„μΉ˜λ³„ μžκΈ°μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€

μžκΈ°μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ 계산을 μœ„ν•œ μ„ λ‘œμ˜ μœ„μΉ˜ ꡬ뢄은 κ·Έλ¦Ό 6κ³Ό κ°™λ‹€. 각 경우의 μžκΈ°μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ 계산식은 (14)에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄, λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€.

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 6. μ„ λ‘œ μœ„μΉ˜μ— λ”°λ₯Έ λΆ„λ₯˜ (14)

Fig. 6. The Geometry of 3 case conductors

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig6.png

βž€ λŒ€μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 곡쀑에 μžˆλŠ” μ„ λ‘œμ˜ 자기 μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€

(10)
\begin{align*} Z_{ii}\approx Z_{i}^{e/e}+\dfrac{j\omega\mu_{0}}{2\pi}[\ln\dfrac{1.851}{j k_{2}a_{i}}+\dfrac{4}{3}+ j k_{2}x_{i}] \\ \approx Z_{i}^{e/e}+\dfrac{j\omega\mu_{0}}{2\pi}\ln\left(\dfrac{2x_{i}+\dfrac{2}{jk_{2}}}{a_{i}}\right)[Ohm/km] \end{align*} $\approx Z_{i}^{e/e}+\dfrac{j\omega\mu_{0}}{2\pi}\ln\left(\dfrac{2x_{i}+\dfrac{2}{jk_{2}}}{a_{i}}\right)[Ohm/km]$

(11)
μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ, μ €ν•­ $Z_{i}^{e/e}= \rho\dfrac{_{s}}{\pi r_{s}^{2}}= R_{s} \quad\quad for solid conductor$,

$a_{i}:$ 도체 반경 $[m],$

$x_{i}:$ λŒ€μ§€κ²½ κ³„λ©΄κ³Όμ˜ 수직거리 $[m]$

$k_{2}=\sqrt{-\frac{j \omega \mu_{0}}{\rho}}, \quad\left[m^{-1}\right] \quad \rho:$ 맀질의 $\quad$ μ €ν•­μœ¨ $[\Omega \cdot m]$

➁ 곡기-λŒ€μ§€ 경계면에 μžˆλŠ” μ ˆμ—° μ„ λ‘œμ˜ 자기 μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€

(12)
\begin{align*} Z_{ii}=Z_{i}^{e/e}+\dfrac{-j\omega\mu_{0}}{\pi b_{i}k_{2}^{2}}\left[\dfrac{1}{b_{i}}-jk_{2}K_{1}(jk_{2}b_{i})\right]\\ \approx Z_{i}^{e/e}+\dfrac{j\omega\mu_{0}}{2\pi}\ln\dfrac{1.851}{jk_{2}b_{i}} \end{align*}

μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ, $b_{i}$λŠ” μ ˆμ—°μ„ μΈ 경우 ν”Όλ³΅κΉŒμ§€λ₯Ό κ³ λ €ν•œ μ„ λ‘œ 반경 [m]이닀.

βž‚ 지쀑에 μžˆλŠ” λ‚˜μ„  μ„ λ‘œμ˜ 자기 μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€

(13)
$Z_{ii}\approx Z_{i}^{e/e}+\dfrac{j\omega\mu_{0}}{2\pi}\ln\dfrac{1.851}{j k_{2}\sqrt{a_{i}^{2}+4x_{i}^{2}}}$

λŒ€μ§€κ³ μœ μ €ν•­μœ¨μ— λ”°λ₯Έ κ³„μ‚°μΉ˜μ˜ κ·Έλž˜ν”„λŠ” κ·Έλ¦Ό 7κ³Ό κ°™λ‹€. μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ£Όλͺ©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  사항은 계산 비ꡐ κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ—μ„œ 보듯이 μžκΈ°μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ 값은 λ„μ„ μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ 큰 차이λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Έλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ μžκΈ°μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ 계산은 μœ„ 3가지 경우λ₯Ό ν•„μˆ˜μ μœΌλ‘œ κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜μ—¬ μ μš©ν•˜μ—¬μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€.

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 7. λŒ€μ§€κ·€λ‘œ λ„μ„ μ˜ 자기 μΈλ•ν„΄μŠ€ κ°’

Fig. 7. Self Inductance Values of 3 case lines

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig7.png

2.1.2.2. μ„ λ‘œ μœ„μΉ˜λ³„ μƒν˜Έ μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 8. 도체 μƒν˜Έμœ„μΉ˜μ— λ”°λ₯Έ λΆ„λ₯˜ (14)

Fig. 8. Geometry of the wires for the evaluation of the mutual parameters

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig8.png

βž€ 두 도선 λͺ¨λ‘ 곡쀑에 μžˆλŠ” 경우

(14)
$Z_{ij}=\dfrac{j\omega\mu_{0}}{2\pi}\ln\dfrac{R_{ij}'}{R_{ij}}+2\int_{0}^{\infty}\dfrac{e^{-\lambda(x_{i}+x_{j})}\cos\lambda(y_{i}-y_{j})}{\lambda +\sqrt{\lambda^{2}-k_{2}^{2}}}d\lambda$,

μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ, $R_{ij}=\sqrt{(x_{i}- x_{j})^{2}+(y_{i}- y_{j})^{2}}$

$R_{ij}'=\sqrt{(x_{i}+ x_{j})^{2}+(y_{i}- y_{j})^{2}}$ [m]

$(x_{i},\: y_{i}),\:(x_{j},\: y_{j})$ : κ·Έλ¦Ό 8에 ν‘œκΈ°ν•œ μ„ λ‘œμ˜ μ’Œν‘œ

식(14)λ₯Ό Bessel ν•¨μˆ˜μ— μ˜ν•œ κΈ‰μˆ˜λ‘œ ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λ©΄ 잘 μ•Œλ €μ§„ Carson Seriesκ°€ λœλ‹€. 이 κΈ‰μˆ˜μ—μ„œ 2μ°¨ κ³ μ‘°ν•­ 이상을 λ¬΄μ‹œν•œ 근사식이 λ³΅μ†Œμ˜μƒλ²• μˆ˜μ‹μ΄ λœλ‹€.

(15)
\begin{array}{l} Z_{i j} \approx \frac{j \omega \mu_{0}}{2 \pi} \ln \frac{\overline{R_{i j}}}{R_{i j}} \\ \text { where } \overline{R_{i j}}=\sqrt{\left(x_{i}+x_{j}+\frac{2}{j k_{2}}\right)^{2}}+\left(y_{i}-y_{j}\right)^{2} \end{array}

➁ 두 도선 λͺ¨λ‘ 곡쀑-λŒ€μ§€ 경계면에 μžˆλŠ” 경우

(16)
$Z_{ij}\approx\dfrac{j\omega\mu_{0}}{2\pi}\ln\dfrac{1.851}{|y_{i}- y_{j}| j k_{2}}$

βž‚ 두 도선 λͺ¨λ‘ 지쀑에 μžˆλŠ” 경우

(17)
$Z_{ij}\approx\dfrac{j\omega\mu_{0}}{2\pi}\ln\dfrac{1.851}{R_{ij}j k_{2}}$

βžƒ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 도선은 곡쀑에 λ‹€λ₯Έ 도선은 지쀑에 μžˆλŠ” 경우

(18)
$Z_{ij}\approx\dfrac{j\omega\mu_{o}}{2\pi}\left[\ln\dfrac{1.8511}{j k_{2}R_{ij}}+\dfrac{2}{3}j k_{2}(x_{i}+ x_{j})\right]$

βž„ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 도선은 곡쀑에 λ‹€λ₯Έ 도선은 곡기-λŒ€μ§€ 경계에 μžˆλŠ” 경우

(19)
$Z_{ij}\approx\dfrac{j\omega\mu_{o}}{2\pi}\left[\ln\dfrac{1.8511}{j k_{2}R_{ij}}+\dfrac{2}{3}j k_{2}x_{j}\right]$

βž… ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 도선은 곡기-λŒ€μ§€ 경계에 λ‹€λ₯Έ 도선은 지쀑에 μžˆλŠ” 경우

(20)
$$Z_{ij}=\dfrac{-j\omega\mu_{0}}{2\pi} \cdot 2\int_{0}^{\infty}\dfrac{e^{\sqrt{\lambda^{2}-k_{2}^{2}}x_{j}}\cos\lambda(y_{i}-y_{j})}{\lambda +\sqrt{\lambda^{2}-k_{2}^{2}}}d\lambda $$ $$\approx\dfrac{j\omega\mu_{0}}{2\pi}\ln\dfrac{1.851}{R_{ij}j k_{2}}$$

μƒν˜Έμž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€μ˜ κ²½μš°λŠ”, λ„μ„ μ˜ μƒν˜Έ μœ„μΉ˜μ— 따라 μ•½κ°„μ˜ 차이λ₯Ό λ³΄μ΄λ‚˜(κ·Έλ¦Ό 9), λ„μ„ κ°„μ˜ 거리가 λ©€μ–΄μ§ˆμˆ˜λ‘ κ·Έ 영ν–₯이 쀄어든닀(κ·Έλ¦Ό 10). λ˜ν•œ, κΈ°μœ λ„μ› 도선이 곡기 쀑에 μœ„μΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” λ°”, λΉ„κ΅λŒ€μƒμ—μ„œ μƒλŒ€ 도선이 μ§€ν‘œμ— μžˆλŠ” 경우λ₯Ό μ œμ™Έν•˜κ³ λŠ” 계산 νŽΈμ°¨κ°€ 적은 νŽΈμ΄λ‹€.

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 9. 근접거리 λ„μ„ μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λ³„ μƒν˜Έμž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ 비ꡐ

Fig. 9. Mutual Inductance of 6 case geometry, close

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig9.png

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 10. 원거리 λ„μ„ μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λ³„ μƒν˜Έμž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ 비ꡐ

Fig. 10. Mutual Inductance of 6 case geometry, far

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig10.png

μƒν˜ΈμΈλ•ν„΄μŠ€ κ°’ μ‚°μΆœμ€ κ°€μž₯ μ •ν™•ν•œ μˆ˜μ‹μ΄ Carson Series둜 ν‘œν˜„λ˜λŠ” 식이고(13), 이 μˆ˜μ—΄μ˜ 1ν•­κΉŒμ§€ λ§Œμ„ κ³ λ €ν•˜λ©΄ λ³΅μ†Œμ˜μƒλ²•μ— μ˜ν•œ μˆ˜μ‹μ΄ λœλ‹€(13)(14). 이 λ³΅μ†Œμ˜μƒλ²• μˆ˜μ‹μ΄ ITU-T Directive II.(13) (Chap. 4. 4.1-22, pp.160) 와 λ³΄κ³ μ„œ(17) ([뢀둝5] 10-5-4)에 μ˜€νƒ€λ‘œ 잘λͺ» ν‘œκΈ°λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ μ˜μƒλ²•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 계산할 λ•ŒλŠ” μ£Όμ˜κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€.

κΈ°μ‘΄ λ°©μ‹μ—μ„œλŠ” λ„μ„ μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λ³„ μƒν˜Έ μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ κ³„μ‚°μ—μ„œ 곡기쀑-곡기쀑 도선에 μ˜ν•œ μˆ˜μ‹λ§Œμ„ κ³ λ €ν•œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, μžκΈ°μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€λŠ” μ‚¬μš©μžκ°€ κ³„μ‚°ν•˜μ—¬ μž…λ ₯ν•˜λŠ” λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŒμ„ μ‚¬μš©μ„€λͺ…μ„œλ₯Ό 톡해 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λŠ”λ°, μ‘°μ‚¬ν•œ μž…λ ₯ 데이터λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό 맀섀접지선이 β€˜0’ μ€€μœ„λ³΄λ‹€ λ†’κ²Œ μ„€μ •λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμ–΄ μœ„μΉ˜λ³„ ꡬ뢄을 ν•˜μ§€ λͺ» ν–ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ νŒλ‹¨λœλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” μœ„ λͺ¨λ“  경우λ₯Ό ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ν™” ν•˜μ—¬ 보닀 μ •ν™•ν•œ 계산이 이루어지도둝 ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 이에 μ˜ν•œ κ°œμ„  νš¨κ³ΌλŠ” ν‘œ 2와 κ·Έλ¦Ό 11κ³Ό κ°™λ‹€.

ν‘œ 2. ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ μ΅œμ’…κ°œμ„  κ²°κ³Ό

Table 2. Comparison Result of final renovation

No.

Are

Comm. Office

Comm. Line ID.

PIF Calculated [mV]

Reduce Ratio%

Previous

Program

1.Wire Addition

Final Improve

1

Chungbuk

Gagyung Taesung

0302-101-044

2,210

1,406

1,408

63.7

2

Chungnam

Sejong Bookang

0302-102-009

1,650

928

924

56.0

3

0302-102-030

2,450

1,445

1,411

57.6

4

Chun

buk

Iksan Mangsung

0306-106-033

1,380

865

850

61.6

5

0306-106-042

1,450

914

899

62.0

6

Chun

nam

KwangJu Im-Gok

0310-122-015

610

291

289

47.4

7

0310-122-023

760

434

430

56.6

8

Dae-

gu

KyungJu Hyun-Gok

1101-101-012

2,160

1,811

944

43.7

9

1101-101-016

1,820

1,074

544

29.0

10

Ankang Kangdong

1101-101-064

2,350

2,156

1,092

46.5

11

Angang Sabang

1101-101-025

2,170

2,218

988

45.5

Avr. (%)

Average Reduction Ratio (%)

51.9

Correct positioning to Earth(Daegu) Reduction

41.4

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 11. ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ κ°œμ„  κ²°κ³Ό 예츑치 비ꡐ κ·Έλž˜ν”„

Fig. 11. The Graph of final renovation of predicted value

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig11.png

ν‘œ 2μ—μ„œ 보면 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ—μ„œ κ³ λ €ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” κ°œμ„  사항을 λͺ¨λ‘ μ μš©ν•œ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” 평균 경감율 μ•½ 52%의 κ°œμ„  효과λ₯Ό λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 단, 1 ~ 7번 κΉŒμ§€μ˜ κ²°κ³Όμ—μ„œλŠ” κ°œμ„  2의 νš¨κ³Όκ°€ λ‘λ“œλŸ¬μ§€μ§€ μ•Šμ€λ°, κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” μž₯주도 데이터 μž‘μ„±μ—μ„œ ꢀ도 μ§€λ°˜μ˜ 높이가 μ§€ν‘œ 기쀀보닀 λ†’κ²Œ μ§€μ •λ˜μ–΄μ„œμ΄λ‹€. 즉, λ§€μ„€μ ‘μ§€μ„ μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜κ°€ μ§€μƒμœΌλ‘œ κ°„μ£Όλ˜μ–΄ λ„μ„ μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λ³„ ꡬ뢄 계산이 이루어지지 μ•Šμ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. μž…λ ₯λ°μ΄ν„°μ—μ„œ 지쀑 μ§€μ„ μœΌλ‘œ μ§€μ •λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ” case 8 ~ 11 μ„ λ‘œμ˜ κ²°κ³Ό(λŒ€κ΅¬μ§€μ—­)λŠ” 평균 41.4% 수치둜의 경감을 보이며, μ΄λŠ” μœ„μΉ˜λ³„ μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ 계산이 영ν–₯을 미치고 μžˆμŒμ„ 보인닀. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ, 보닀 μ •ν™•ν•œ 계산을 μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μž…λ ₯데이터 μž‘μ„± μ‹œ μ² λ„κΆ€λ„μ˜ μ§€λ°˜ 높이λ₯Ό 0 으둜 κΈ°μ€€ν•˜μ—¬ 지쀑, μ§€μƒμœΌλ‘œ μž…λ ₯데이터λ₯Ό ꡬ뢄 μž‘μ„±ν•˜μ—¬ μž…λ ₯ν•˜μ—¬μ•Ό 함을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€.

2.2. μΈ‘μ • 검증

ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ˜ 정확도λ₯Ό κ²€μ¦ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν˜„μž₯ 츑정을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λΉ„κ΅λŒ€μƒ 4 μ§€μ—­μ˜ 철도 ꢀ도에 λŒ€ν•œ ν†΅μ‹ μ„ μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λŠ” κ·Έλ¦Ό 9와 κ°™λ‹€. 철도 ꢀ도λ₯Ό κ°€λ‘œμΆ• 0으둜 λ†“μ•˜μ„ λ•Œ ν†΅μ‹ μ„ μ˜ 뢄포 상황 및 이격거리 및 μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό ν‘œμ‹œν•œλ‹€. μ—­λ°©ν–₯ μ—°κ²° 및 수직으둜 λΆ„ν¬ν•œ μ„ λ‘œλΆ€λΆ„μ΄ ν¬ν•¨λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμ–΄ 기타 μž‘μŒμ „μ••μ„ λͺ¨λ‘ 배제 μ‹œν‚¬ μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μ§€λ§Œ 비ꡐ적 μ–‘ν˜Έν•œ μ—¬κ±΄μœΌλ‘œ λ³Ό 수 μžˆλ‹€. 보닀 μ •ν™•ν•œ 츑정을 μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” ν‰ν–‰μ„ λ‘œ λΆ€λΆ„λ§Œ μžˆλŠ” Test-bed λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λ°”λžŒμ§ν•˜λ‹€.

2.2.1. μΈ‘μ •λŒ€μƒμ§€μ—­ 이격도 및 μΈ‘μ •νŒŒν˜•

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 12. 각 μΈ‘μ • ν†΅μ‹ μ„ λ‘œμ˜ 이격도

Fig. 12. The Separation diagrams of Communication Lines for measure

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig12-1.png

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig12-2.png

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig12-3.png

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 13. 각 μΈ‘μ • 톡신에 μœ λ„λ˜λŠ” μ„ λŒ€μ§€μž‘μŒμ „μ••

Fig. 13. Line to Ground Noise Voltage at each site

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig13-1.png

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig13-2.png

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig13-3.png

2.2.2. μΈ‘μ •μΉ˜μ™€ μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ³„μ‚°μΉ˜ 비ꡐ

예츑 κ³„μ‚°μΉ˜μ™€ μΈ‘μ •μΉ˜μ˜ 비ꡐ가 ν‘œ 3 및 κ·Έλ¦Ό 14, 15에 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜ μžˆλ‹€. μœ λ„μ „μ••μ˜ μ΅œλŒ€μΉ˜λ₯Ό κ΅¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 급전ꡬ간을 40 ~ 60개의 κ΅¬κ°„μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜λˆ„κ³  각 ꡬ간에 μ—΄μ°¨κ°€ λ“€μ–΄ 왔을 λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€μ˜ κ²½μš°μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ 각각 μœ λ„μ „μ••μ„ κ³„μ‚°ν•˜μ—¬ 이 κ³„μ‚°μΉ˜μ€‘ μ΅œλŒ€μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ„ λ³„ν•œλ‹€. 볡선 ꢀ도 해석을 μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 상-ν•˜ν–‰ μ—΄μ°¨κ°€ κ΅ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” 경우λ₯Ό κ³ λ €ν•˜μ—¬ λͺ¨λ“  경우의 쑰합을 κ³„μ‚°ν•œλ‹€. ꡬ간을 40개둜 λ‚˜λˆˆ 경우 총 1,600번의 계산이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€. 여기에 각 급전ꡬ간에 2λŒ€ μ΄μƒμ˜ μ—΄μ°¨κ°€ λ“€μ–΄μ˜€λŠ” κ²½μš°λŠ” κ·Έ 승수만큼 계산 νšŸμˆ˜κ°€ μ¦κ°€ν•˜λŠ” 데, 평균 μ—΄μ°¨ λ°°μ • 간격을 κ³ λ €ν•˜λ©΄ 2λŒ€μ”© λ“€μ–΄μ˜¨ 경우라 ν•˜λ”λΌλ„ 이의 1/2 μ •λ„μ˜ 횟수면 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 64,000회의 계산이면 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.

ν‘œ 3. μ„ λŒ€μ§€μž‘μŒμ „μ•• μΈ‘μ •μΉ˜-κ³„μ‚°μΉ˜ 비ꡐ

Table 3. Result of Measurement & Calculation Values (Line to Earth Noise Voltage)

γ€€

Applied Earth Resistivity

No. of Train

1.Yongdong Simchun

2.Asan Sandong

3.Chunan Sojung

4.Daegu Bisan

Mesured

γ€€

γ€€

788

2,397

1,712

1,972

Result of Improved Algorithm

Max. Measured Value

2 train

crossing

1,295

1,621

3,649

4,509

1 train

607

735

1,780

2,100

Min. Measured Value

2 train

crossing

1,517

2,383

3,774

5,196

1 train

734

1,180

1,850

2,420

Privious Algorithm

Max. Measured Value

2 train

crossing

3,159

4,278

22,583

10,778

1 train

1,670

2,630

12,400

7,180

Min. Measured Value

2 train

crossing

3,395

5,677

18,495

10,221

1 train

1,790

3,400

10,800

5,680

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 14. κ°œμ„  μ „ν›„ 예츑치 및 μΈ‘μ •μΉ˜ 비ꡐ κ·Έλž˜ν”„

Fig. 14. Comparison graph for the effect of improvement

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig14.png

계산 κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ©΄ 볡선 κΈ°μ€€μœΌλ‘œ μœ λ„μ „μ••μ˜ μ΅œλŒ€μΉ˜κ°€ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°λŠ” 상-ν•˜ν–‰ μ—΄μ°¨κ°€ ν†΅μ‹ μ„ λ‘œ κ·Όμ²˜μ—μ„œ κ΅ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°μ— λ°œμƒν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μΈ‘μ •μ—μ„œ 이 경우λ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚˜κΈ°λŠ” 극히 μ–΄λ €μš°λ―€λ‘œ 계산 비ꡐλ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ ꡬ간 λ‚΄ 1λŒ€μ˜ μ—΄μ°¨λ§Œ λ“€μ–΄ 온 경우λ₯Ό 같이 κ³„μ‚°ν•˜μ—¬ λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, μœ λ„μ „μ••μ€ λŒ€μ§€κ³ μœ μ €ν•­μ˜ ν•¨μˆ˜μ΄λ―€λ‘œ μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ³„μ‚° μ‹œ 츑정을 λ³‘ν–‰ν•˜μ—¬μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”λ°, λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” μΈ‘μ • ꡬ역 λ‹Ή 4 ~ 5개 μ§€μ μ˜ λŒ€μ§€κ³ μœ μ €ν•­μ„ μΈ‘μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λŒ€μ§€κ³ μœ μ €ν•­μ€ μœ„μΉ˜μ™€ κ³„μ ˆμ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ μƒμ‹œ λ°”λ€ŒλŠ” κ°’μ΄λ―€λ‘œ μ‹€λ¬΄μƒμ—μ„œλŠ” μ΅œλŒ€μ „μ•• μ˜ˆμΈ‘μ„ μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” κ³„μ ˆ λ³€ν™”μœ¨μ„ κ³ λ €ν•˜κ³ , κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν•œ μ΅œλŒ€ν•œ λ§Žμ€ 츑정을 ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜μ—¬μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. μ—¬κΈ°μ„œλŠ” μ‹€μΈ‘λ‹Ήμ‹œ μΈ‘μ •κ°’μ˜ μ΅œμ†ŒμΉ˜μ™€ μ΅œλŒ€μΉ˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ 계산을 λͺ¨λ‘ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ—¬ λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, μ—΄μ°¨ μ œλ™ μ‹œμ—λŠ” 더 λ§Žμ€ λ°©ν•΄μ „λ₯˜κ°€ 흐λ₯΄λŠ”데, λ³Έ μΈ‘μ • ꡬ간은 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ μ œλ™μ§€μ—­μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλ―€λ‘œ 견인 μ‹œ λ°©ν•΄μ „λ₯˜λ₯Ό μ μš©ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , μ—΄μ°¨ 속도에 λŒ€ν•œ μ „λ₯˜ νŠΉμ„±μ΄ λ‹€λ₯΄λ―€λ‘œ μΈ‘μ • μ‹œ μ—΄μ°¨ 속도λ₯Ό μ†λ„κ³„λ‘œ μΈ‘μ •ν•˜μ—¬ 이λ₯Ό μ μš©ν•˜μ˜€λŠ”λ°, μ‹œμ† 200 [km/h] μ΄μƒμ—μ„œλŠ” ꡬ동 μ „λ₯˜κ°€ saturation λ˜λ―€λ‘œ μ΅œλŒ€μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ μš©ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , 4지역인 λŒ€κ΅¬ λΉ„μ‚°μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œλ§Œ μ—΄μ°¨ 속도가 110[Km/h]둜 μΈ‘μ •λ˜μ–΄ νŠΉμ„± κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ—μ„œ μƒμ‘ν•˜λŠ” λ“±κ°€μ „λ₯˜λ₯Ό μ„ νƒν•˜μ—¬ μ μš©ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.

κ·Έλ¦Ό 15λŠ” ν•΄λ…μ˜ 편의λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ κ°œμ„  ν›„ 예츑 κ³„μ‚°μΉ˜μ™€ μΈ‘μ •μΉ˜λ§Œμ„ ν™•λŒ€ λΉ„κ΅ν•œ κ·Έλ¦ΌμœΌλ‘œμ„œ, κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ—μ„œ μƒ‰μœΌλ‘œ ν‘œμ‹œλœ μ˜μ—­μ€ 볡선ꢀ도에 2λŒ€μ˜ μƒΒ·ν•˜ν–‰ μ—΄μ°¨κ°€ κ΅ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” 경우의 μ΅œλŒ€μΉ˜μ™€ 볡선ꢀ도에 단 ν•œλŒ€μ˜ μ°¨λŸ‰λ§Œ μ§„μž…λœ 경우의 μ΅œμ†ŒμΉ˜ μ˜μ—­μ„ μΈ‘μ •λœ λŒ€μ§€κ³ μœ μ €ν•­μœ¨μ˜ μ΅œλŒ€μΉ˜μ™€ μ΅œμ†ŒμΉ˜μ˜ 편차둜 κ³„μ‚°ν•˜μ—¬ μ§€μ •ν•œ μ˜μ—­μœΌλ‘œ, 이 μ˜μ—­μ€ μ°¨λŸ‰μ˜ μ§„μž… λŒ€μˆ˜μ— 따라 μœ λ„μ „μ••μ΄ λ°œμƒν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ˜μ—­μ„ ν‘œμ‹œν•œλ‹€. κ²°κ³Όκ·Έλž˜ν”„μ—μ„œ 보듯이 μΈ‘μ •μΉ˜λŠ” 4지역 쀑 3μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ 볡선ꢀ도 λ‹¨μΌμ°¨λŸ‰ μ§„μž…μΈ κ²½μš°μ™€ 잘 λΆ€ν•©ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 츑정지역 2μ—μ„œλ§Œ 볡선ꡐ행에 κ°€κΉŒμš΄ 높은 μΈ‘μ •μΉ˜λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄μ—ˆλŠ”λ°, μ΄λŠ” μ²œμ•ˆμ•„μ‚°μ—­μ— μ •μ°¨ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μ‘°κΈ° κΈ‰μ œλ™νš¨κ³Όμ™€ ꡬ간 λ‚΄ μƒλŒ€ ꢀ도에 μ—΄μ°¨ μ§„μž…μ΄ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μΆ”μ •λœλ‹€. 이 κ²½μš°λ„ μ΅œλŒ€ μœ„ν—˜μ „μ•• 예츑치 이내에 λ“€μ–΄κ°€λ―€λ‘œ μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ³„μ‚°μ˜ λͺ©μ μ— μ–΄κΈ‹λ‚˜μ§€λŠ” μ•ŠμœΌλ©°, μ œλ™ μ˜μ—­μœΌλ‘œ μ§€μ •ν•˜λ©΄ μΈ‘μ •μΉ˜ 2,397 [mV] λŒ€λΉ„ 예츑 μœ λ„μ „μ•• μ΅œλŒ€μΉ˜κ°€ 2,753 [mV] κΉŒμ§€ λ‚˜μ˜€λ―€λ‘œ 생성 κ°€λŠ₯ μ „μ••μΉ˜ μ΄λ‚΄λ‘œ λ“€μ–΄μ˜¨λ‹€.

κ·Έλ¦Ό. 15. μΈ‘μ •μΉ˜μ™€ κ°œμ„ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ³„μ‚°μΉ˜ 비ꡐ κ·Έλž˜ν”„

Fig. 15. The Comparison of the measured values and the calculated ones.

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/fig15.png

2.2.3. μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ³„μ‚° μˆ˜ν–‰μ‹œμ˜ 유의점

λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ λ„μΆœλœ μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ³„μ‚° μˆ˜ν–‰μ‹œμ˜ μœ μ˜μ μ€ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€.

1) 닀도체법을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μœ λ„μ „μ•• ν•΄μ„μ—λŠ” μ„ λ‘œμ™€ ν‰ν–‰ν•œ λͺ¨λ“  도체λ₯Ό λ…λ¦½μ μœΌλ‘œ κ³ λ €ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€.

2) μž…λ ₯데이터 μž‘μ„± μ‹œ 철도ꢀ도λ₯Ό μ§€ν‘œλ©΄μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬ 맀섀접지선이 지쀑에 μœ„μΉ˜ν•˜λ„λ‘ μž‘μ„±ν•˜μ—¬μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€.

3) 도선간 μ—°κ²°λΆ€μœ„λ₯Ό μ΅œλŒ€ν•œ μ„Ήν„°μˆ˜μ™€ λ§žμΆ”μ–΄ ꡬ간을 λ‚˜λˆ„μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. 연결간격이 μ΄˜μ΄˜ν•˜μ—¬ λΆˆκ°€ν”Όν•œ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” λ“±κ°€ 연결저항을 κ΅¬ν•˜μ—¬ μ μš©ν•œλ‹€.

4) λ“±κ°€ μœ λ„λ°©ν•΄μ „λ₯˜λŠ” μ—΄μ°¨ μ œλ™μ‹œμ™€ κ²¬μΈμ‹œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 값을 κ°€μ§€λ―€λ‘œ μ œλ™ ꡬ역을 μ§€μ •ν•˜μ—¬ κ΅¬λΆ„μ μš© ν•˜μ—¬μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€.

5) μœ λ„μ „μ•• μ˜ˆμΈ‘μ— ν•„μš”ν•œ λŒ€μ§€κ³ μœ μ €ν•­ 츑정은 여건이 ν—ˆλ½ν•˜λŠ” ν•œ μ΅œλŒ€ν•œ μ„Έλ°€ν•˜κ²Œ 츑정함이 λ°”λžŒμ§ν•˜λ‹€.

3. κ²° λ‘ 

전기철도에 μ˜ν•΄ ν†΅μ‹ μ„ μ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” μœ λ„μ „μ••μ„ μ˜ˆμΈ‘ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ μž‘μ„±ν•˜κ³  λ³€κ²½λœ 사항에 λŒ€ν•œ 효과 검토와 ν˜„μž₯ 츑정을 ν†΅ν•œ 검증을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ λ³Έ 연ꡬ과정을 톡해 μž…λ ₯λ°μ΄ν„°μ˜ μž‘μ„±μ— λŒ€ν•œ μœ μ˜μ μ„ 찾을 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 닀도체 계산법을 μ μš©ν•˜λŠ”λ° μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” ν‰ν–‰λ„μ²΄μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ‹€μ œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ— 맞좰 μ¦μ„€ν•˜κ³ , 도선 μœ„μΉ˜μ— λ”°λ₯Έ μž„ν”Όλ˜μŠ€ 계산식을 이둠에 맞게 ꡬ뢄 μ μš©ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό, κΈ°μ‘΄ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ λŒ€λΉ„ 41~50%의 κ²½κ°μœ¨μ„ 얻을 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. λ³Έ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ˜ νš¨μš©μ„±μ„ κ²€μ¦ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν˜„μž₯ 싀츑을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , μΈ‘μ • 상황에 λΆ€ν•©ν•˜λŠ” 맀우 νƒ€λ‹Ήν•œ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό 얻을 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ λ³Έ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€ 철도 건섀 μ‹œ ν†΅μ‹ μ‹œμ„€μ— μ•ΌκΈ°λ˜λŠ” μœ„ν—˜μ„ 미리 μ˜ˆμΈ‘ν•˜μ—¬ μ‘°μΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ‹€λ¬΄μ μš©μ΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€. ν–₯ν›„, 보닀 μ •ν™•ν•œ μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ³„μ‚°μ„ μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ”, ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ μ½”λ”© μ™Έμ˜ λΆ„μ•Όλ‘œ κ³ λ €ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  사항인, 철도 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ˜ λ°œμ „μ— λ”°λ₯Έ 각쒅 νŒŒλΌλ―Έν„°μ˜ κ°œμ„ , 츑정에 μ˜ν•œ λ“±κ°€λ°©ν•΄μ „λ₯˜ 및 ꢀ도 λˆ„μ„€ μ €ν•­μΉ˜μ˜ κ°œμ • λ“± μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ˜ μž…λ ₯ 데이터λ₯Ό μ² λ„μ‹œμ„€μ˜ 진보에 맞좰 μƒˆλ‘œ μ •λ¦½ν•˜λŠ” 연ꡬ가 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€.

Acknowledgements

This study was supported by 2019 Information and communication broadcasting R&D project fund (2019-0-01295) of the Ministry of Science and ICT and the 2017 Research Grant from Kangwon National University(No. 520170074).

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μ €μžμ†Œκ°œ

Kyung Choi
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/au1.png

1981. Seoul National Univ. Electrical Eng. BS,

1983. Seoul National Univ. Electrical Eng. MA,

1988. Seoul National Univ. Electrical Eng. Ph.D,

1989.~present : Professor, Dept. of Electronics Eng. Kangwon National Univ., Korea

Hwang-Kyu Choi
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/au2.png

1984. Kyunpook N. Univ. Electronics Eng. BS,

1986. KAIST, Electrical Eng. MA

1989. KAIST, Electrical Eng. Ph.D

1990.~present : Professor, Dept. of Computer Eng. Kangwon National Univ., Korea

Sang-Moo Lee
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/au3.png

1989. Dankook Univ. Electronics Eng. BS,

2000. KAIST Computer Eng. MA

2013. Choongnam N.l Univ. Data Base, Ph.D

1991.~present Senior Research Engineer, Stan- dards & Open Source Research Division, ETRI, Korea

Hyang-Beom Lee
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2020.69.11.1785/au4.png

1989. Seoul National Univ. Electrical Eng. BS,

1991. Seoul National Univ. Electrical Eng. MA,

1995. Seoul National Univ. Electrical Eng. Ph.D,

1998.~present : Professor, Dept. of Electronics Eng. Soongsil Univ., Korea