Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering

  1. ์„ฑ๊ท ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด๋””์Šคํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ์„์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ •, ์‚ผ์„ฑ์ „์ž ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™์› (Student, Department of Semiconductor and Display Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, 649, Korea)
  2. ์„ฑ๊ท ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด์„คํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Professor, School of Civil, Architectural Engineering and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, 066 Seobu-ro, 16419, Korea)



๋‹จ์—ด๊ฐ€์Šต, ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰, ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ, ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€์Šต
Adiabatic Humidification, CoolingWater-WasteHeat, Energy Consumption, Outdoor Air Conditioner, Steam Humidification

๊ธฐํ˜ธ์„ค๋ช…

$PHC$๏ผš ์˜ˆ์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ(Pre-heating coil)
$1-CC$๏ผš 1์ฐจ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ(1-Cooling coil)
$2-CC$๏ผš 2์ฐจ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ(2-Cooling coil)
$1-HC$๏ผš 1์ฐจ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ(1-Heating coil)
$1'-HC$๏ผš 1์ฐจ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ(2๋‹จ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์‹œ)
$2-HC$๏ผš 2์ฐจ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ(2-Heating coil)
$RHC$๏ผš ์žฌ์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ(Re-heating coil)
$WSS$๏ผš ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜(Water showering system)
1-$WSS$๏ผš 1์ฐจ ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜(2๋‹จ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์‹œ, 1์ฐจ)
2-$WSS$๏ผš 2์ฐจ ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜(2๋‹จ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์‹œ, 2์ฐจ)
$STEAM$๏ผš ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜(Steam humidification)
DCC๏ผš ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ ํ˜„์—ด ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ ์ฝ”์ผ(Dry cooling coil)
FFU๏ผš ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ˜ ์ˆœํ™˜ ์žฅ์น˜(Fan filter unit)
$H$๏ผš ์—”ํƒˆํ”ผ(Enthalpy) [kJ/kg]
$T$๏ผš ์˜จ๋„(Temperature) [โ„ƒ]
$X$๏ผš ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„(Absolute humidity) [kg/kgโ€™]
$Q_{PHC}$๏ผš ์˜ˆ์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ [kJ/kg]
$Q_{1-CC}$๏ผš 1์ฐจ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ [kJ/kg]
$Q_{2-CC}$๏ผš 2์ฐจ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ [kJ/kg]
$Q_{1-HC}$๏ผš 1์ฐจ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ [kJ/kg]
$Q_{1'-HC}$๏ผš 1์ฐจ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ ๋ถ€ํ•˜(2๋‹จ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์‹œ) [kJ/kg]
$Q_{2-HC}$๏ผš 2์ฐจ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ [kJ/kg]
$Q_{RHC}$๏ผš ์žฌ์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ [kJ/kg]
$Q_{steam,\: humidification}$๏ผš ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜ [kJ/kg]
$M_{wss}$๏ผš WSS์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋Ÿ‰ [kg/kgโ€™]
$M_{1-wss}$๏ผš 1์ฐจ WSS์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋Ÿ‰ [kg/kgโ€™]
$M_{2-wss}$๏ผš 2์ฐจ WSS์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋Ÿ‰ [kg/kgโ€™]
$M_{steam}$๏ผš ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋Ÿ‰ [kg/kgโ€™]
$M_{cw,\: wasteheat}$ ๏ผš ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด ์œ ๋Ÿ‰ [kg/s]
$M_{chw}$ ๏ผš ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰ [kg/s]
$W_{c hille r}$๏ผš ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ [W]
$W_{boile r}$๏ผš ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ [W]
$W_{fan}$๏ผš ์†กํ’๊ธฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ [W]
$W_{pump,\: cw,\: w\ast eheat}$๏ผš ํ์—ด ํŽŒํ”„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ [W]
$W_{pump,\: wss}$๏ผš WSS ํŽŒํ”„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ [W]
$W_{pump,\: c hw}$ ๏ผš ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜ ํŽŒํ”„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ [W]
CAPFT๏ผš Cooling Capacity Function Temperature Curve
EIRFT๏ผš Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function Temperature Curve
$T_{chws}$๏ผš ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{cws}$๏ผš ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$T_{wet,\: air}$๏ผš ์Šต๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋„ [โ„ƒ]
$V_{a}$ ๏ผš ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ํ’๋Ÿ‰ [CMM, CMS]
$\rho_{a}$ ๏ผš ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐ€๋„ [kg/m3]
COP ๏ผš Coefficient Of Performance
$\eta_{boile r}$ ๏ผš ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ ํšจ์œจ [\%]
$\eta_{fan}$ ๏ผš ์†กํ’๊ธฐ ํšจ์œจ [\%]
$\eta_{pump}$ ๏ผš ํŽŒํ”„ ํšจ์œจ [\%]
$P_{fan}$ ๏ผš ์†กํ’๊ธฐ ์••๋ ฅ [Pa]
$P_{pump}$ ๏ผš ํŽŒํ”„ ์••๋ ฅ [Pa]
$C_{p}$ ๏ผš ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋น„์—ด [kJ/kgยทโ„ƒ]
$C_{p,\: wet,\: air}$๏ผš ์Šต๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ๋น„์—ด [kJ/kgยทโ„ƒ]

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ์‚ฐ์—…์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋‹ค์†Œ๋น„ ์—…์ข… ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ํƒ€ ์ œ์กฐ์—…๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๊ธฐํ›„, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์ธ โ€œEmberโ€์˜ ์ฒ ๊ฐ•, ์ „์ž, ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ๋“ฑ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒ์œ„ 8๊ฐœ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด 2020๋…„ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ธฐ์—… ์ค‘ ์ „๊ธฐ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…์€ 1, 2์œ„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…์œผ๋กœ ํƒ€ ์—…์ข…๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์›”๋“ฑํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.(1)

๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ์ƒ์‚ฐ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—์„œ ์›จ์ดํผ(Wafer)๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ฐ€๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต์ •์— ์•ฝ 51%์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต์กฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์•ฝ 31%์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.(2) ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ๊ณต์กฐ์„ค๋น„๋Š” ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ์ค‘๋ฌดํœด๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋™๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์™ธ๊ธฐ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒญ์ • ๊ณต๊ธฐ(Fresh air)๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์„ค๋น„ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์„ค๋น„๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ๋‹ค.

์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Hu and Tsao(3)๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” HVAC ์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ 5๊ฐœ์˜ Case ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ FFU, DCC, ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ HVAC ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Tsao et al.(4)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์—ด์› ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” 8๊ฐœ์˜ Case ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  Pre-cooling coil๊ณผ Re-heating coil์— DCC ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Tsao et al.(5)๋Š” ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ Cooling coil, Heating coil, Re-heating coil ๋ฐ ์†กํ’๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ HVAC ์„ค๋น„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์—ด๋Œ€ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์†Œ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด Jo et al.(6)์€ ์„œ์šธ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์™ธ๊ธฐ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์Šต์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” 3๊ฐœ์˜ Case ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, Pressurized Water Atomizer ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์Šต์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. Kim et al.(7)์€ ๊ฐ€์Šต์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด 2๊ฐœ์˜ Case ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋ฌด ๊ฐ€์Šต๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, Song et al.(8)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋ฌด ๊ฐ€์Šต๋ฐฉ์‹ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ฅ˜์ฒด ๋ถ„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฐ€์Šต๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฅ˜์ฒด ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋ฌด ๊ฐ€์Šต๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Kim et al.(9)์€ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋ฌด ๊ฐ€์Šต๋ฐฉ์‹์ธ Air washer system์— ์—ด๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ์—ด ๋ฐ DCC ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ•œ Case ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, DCC ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜์™€ Air washer system์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋Š” ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ, ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์กฐ๊ฑด ๊ฐœ์„  ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต๋ฐฉ์‹ ๊ฐœ์„ ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์™ธ๊ธฐ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ƒ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„(๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ, ํ™˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ, ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ)์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„์—๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ์„ธ๋ถ„ํ™”๋œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์€ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€๋™ ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์‘์ถ•์—ด์ด ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ƒ‰๊ฐํƒ‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์—ด์„ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์€ ๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ์˜ ์šด์˜๋ถ€ํ•˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์˜จ๋„ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๋ณดํ†ต 27~39โ„ƒ ์ •๋„์˜ ํ์—ด์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ฐ€์—ด์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 100โ„ƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์—ด์›(Heat source)์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์—ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ด์˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ์— ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด๊ณผ ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ , ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์•ˆ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

๋Œ€ํ˜• ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ์˜ ์˜จ์Šต๋„๋Š” 23โ„ƒ, 45%(์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00786 kg/kgโ€™)๋กœ ์šด์˜ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ๊ณต์ •์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 23โ„ƒ, 42%(์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™)๋กœ ์Šต๋„์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ๊ฐ’์„ ํ•˜ํ–ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์€ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™๋กœ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ธ‰์˜จ๋„๋Š” ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜์™€ ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ๊ณต์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต๋œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์˜จ๋„์ธ 9.4โ„ƒ, ์ƒ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 100%๋กœ ํฌํ™”๋œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ›„๋‹จ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์†กํ’๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ชจํ„ฐ์— ์ˆ˜๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋„๋ก ์žฌ์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ (RHC)์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ 11.4~11.5โ„ƒ๋กœ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์†กํ’๊ธฐ ๋ฐœ์—ด๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์˜จ๋„ ์ƒ์Šน 2.5~2.6โ„ƒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ธ 14โ„ƒ๋กœ ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์€ ์™ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ณ€๋™์— ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ์˜จ์Šต๋„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—๋Š” 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ(PHC, 1-HC, 2-HC, RHC)๊ณผ 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ(1-CC, 2-CC)์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  2๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜(WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต, ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต)๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ, ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ, ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” ์—ด์›์„ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ 3๊ฐœ์˜ Case๋กœ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Fig. 1).

Fig. 1 Outdoor air conditioner system schematic.
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2023.35.4.163/fig1.png

2.1 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

2.1.1 Case 1 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

Case 1์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ์— ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ์ผ€์ด์Šค์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜์ธ WSS๋กœ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต(Steam)์€ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ถ„์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€์Šต์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋น„์œจ์€ WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์ด 87%, ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์ด 13%๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ(Main) ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ํ™˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ์™ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ์Šต๋„ ๋ณ€๋™์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณด์กฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ์ธ PHC, 1-HC, RHC์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์—ด์›์€ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์„ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , 2-HC์—๋Š” ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ์ธ 1-CC, 2-CC์—๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ƒ‰์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

2.1.2 Case 2 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ Case 2 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜ (Steam)๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ , WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ 100%, 1๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ๋•Œ ์‘๋‹ต์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด, ํ™˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ์Šต๋„ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 2-CC์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ WSS ํ›„๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Case 1๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ PHC, 1-HC, RHC์€ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์„ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , 2-HC์€ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ์€ Case 1๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.

2.1.3 Case 3 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

Case 3์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜(Steam)๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ , WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ 50%, 2๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. WSS์˜ ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” WSS ์ „๋‹จ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜จ๋„ ์ƒ์Šน์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ 1-HC์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด๋กœ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์—ด์›์€ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ์—ด์›์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 2-HC์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜จ๋„ ์ƒ์Šน์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค. WSS๋ฅผ 2๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด 1๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์žฅ์น˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ „๋‹จ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋†’์ผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์ง„๋‹ค. Case 3์˜ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” Case 1, 2์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ WSS๋ฅผ 2๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ 2-HC(๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ์—ด์›์‚ฌ์šฉ) ๋Œ€์‹  1โ€™-HC(๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ, 1-HC์˜ 2๋‹จ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์‹œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ)๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์„ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ์€ Case 1, 2์™€ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.

2.2 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ Zone ๊ตฌ๋ถ„

์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๊ฐ ์žฅ์น˜๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ค๊ณ„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์Šต๊ณต๊ธฐ ์„ ๋„์—์„œ Zone์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ Case๋ณ„๋กœ Zone์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Case 1์€ C1-Zone, Case 2๋Š” C2-Zone, Case 3์€ C3-Zone์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2.2.1 Case 1 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ Zone

Case 1 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋งž์ถ”์–ด 8๊ฐœ์˜ Zone์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•œ๋‹ค(Fig. 2). C1-Zone 1์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ 0โ„ƒ ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋ฉฐ C1-Zone 2๋Š” ์˜จ๋„ 20โ„ƒ ์ดํ•˜, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00643 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดํ•˜, ์—”ํƒˆํ”ผ๋Š” 27.58 kJ/kg ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  C1-Zone 3์€ ์˜จ๋„ 20โ„ƒ ์ดˆ๊ณผ, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00643 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดํ•˜, ์—”ํƒˆํ”ผ๋Š” 27.58 kJ/kg ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•œ๋‹ค. C1-Zone 4์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00643 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดํ•˜, ์—”ํƒˆํ”ผ๋Š” 27.58 kJ/kg ์ดˆ๊ณผ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  C1-Zone 5๋Š” ์˜จ๋„ 11.4โ„ƒ ์ดํ•˜, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00643 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดˆ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋ฉฐ C1-Zone 6์€ ์˜จ๋„ 11.4โ„ƒ ์ดˆ๊ณผ, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00643 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดˆ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•œ๋‹ค. C1-Zone 7์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜จ๋„๋Š” 17.8โ„ƒ ์ดํ•˜, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดˆ๊ณผ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ , C1-Zone 8์€ ์˜จ๋„ 17.8โ„ƒ ์ดˆ๊ณผ, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดˆ๊ณผ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 2 Psychrometric chart for Case 1.
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2023.35.4.163/fig2.png

2.2.2 Case 2 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ Zone

Case 2 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋งž์ถ”์–ด 6๊ฐœ์˜ Zone์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•œ๋‹ค(Fig. 3). C2-Zone 1์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ 0โ„ƒ ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋ฉฐ C2-Zone 2๋Š” ์˜จ๋„ 20โ„ƒ ์ดํ•˜, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดํ•˜, ์—”ํƒˆํ”ผ๋Š” 30.06 kJ/kg ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  C2-Zone 3์€ ์˜จ๋„ 20โ„ƒ ์ดˆ๊ณผ, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดํ•˜, ์—”ํƒˆํ”ผ๋Š” 30.06 kJ/kg ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•œ๋‹ค. C2-Zone 4์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดํ•˜, ์—”ํƒˆํ”ผ๋Š” 30.06 kJ/kg ์ดˆ๊ณผ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  C2-Zone 5๋Š” ์˜จ๋„ 17.8โ„ƒ ์ดํ•˜, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดˆ๊ณผ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋ฉฐ C2-Zone 6์€ ์˜จ๋„ 17.8โ„ƒ ์ดˆ๊ณผ, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดˆ๊ณผ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 3 Psychrometric chart for Case 2.
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2023.35.4.163/fig3.png

2.2.3 Case 3 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ Zone

Case 3 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋งž์ถ”์–ด 7๊ฐœ์˜ Zone์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•œ๋‹ค(Fig. 4). C3-Zone 1์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ 0โ„ƒ ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋ฉฐ C3-Zone 2๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00395 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดํ•˜, ์—”ํƒˆํ”ผ๋Š” 21.54 kJ/kg ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  C3-Zone 3์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00395 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดํ•˜, ์—”ํƒˆํ”ผ๋Š” 21.54 kJ/kg ์ดˆ๊ณผ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•œ๋‹ค. C3-Zone 4์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00395 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดˆ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ, ์—”ํƒˆํ”ผ๋Š” 29.96 kJ/kg ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋ฉฐ C3-Zone 5๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00395 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดˆ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ, ์—”ํƒˆํ”ผ๋Š” 29.96 kJ/kg ์ดˆ๊ณผ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•œ๋‹ค. C3-Zone 6์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜จ๋„๋Š” 17.8โ„ƒ ์ดํ•˜, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดˆ๊ณผ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  C3-Zone 7์€ ์˜จ๋„ 17.8โ„ƒ ์ดˆ๊ณผ, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์Šต๋„ 0.00733 kg/kgโ€™ ์ดˆ๊ณผ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 4 Psychrometric chart for Case 3.
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2023.35.4.163/fig4.png

2.3 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์‚ฐ์ถœ

์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์‚ฐ์ถœ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ Zone์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋œ Zone์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์™ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ, ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ, ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์ง€์ ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์ง‘๊ณ„ํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์ง‘๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™ธ๊ธฐ ์กฐ๊ฑด์€ 2021๋…„ ์ˆ˜์› ์ง€์—ญ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ฒญ์˜ ์˜จ์Šต๋„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ(8,760์‹œ๊ฐ„)๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์ง‘๊ณ„์‹œ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ Zone๋ณ„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™ธ๊ธฐ ๋นˆ๋„(Out-air frequency)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด C1-Zone 1์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์™ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ์ „์ฒด 8,760์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ 1,123์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ์€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜(PHC ๋ถ€ํ•˜, 1-HC ๋ถ€ํ•˜, 2-HC ๋ถ€ํ•˜, WSS ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜, ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜)๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉฐ 1,123์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋œ 1,123๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์‚ฐํ•˜๋ฉด C1-Zone 1์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ Zone๋ณ„ ์™ธ๊ธฐ ๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์‚ฐํ•˜๋ฉด 8,760์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์ง‘๊ณ„ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์™ธ๊ธฐ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์กฐ๊ฑด์€ Case๋ณ„๋กœ ๋™์ผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์žฅ์น˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ Zone์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๊ณ , Zone์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์™ธ๊ธฐ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์–ด ์ตœ์ข… ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” Case๋ณ„ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ Case๋ณ„ ์ฝ”์ผ ๋ถ€ํ•˜, ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜, ์™ธ๊ธฐ ๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ Table 1~Table 3์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 1 Case 1: Coil load, humidification load, out-air frequency

Coil load

Humidification load

Out-air frequency

C1-Zone 1

$Q_{PHC}$, $Q_{1-HC}$, $Q_{2-HC}$

$M_{wss}$, $M_{steam}$

1,123 (13%)

C1-Zone 2

$Q_{1-HC}$, $Q_{2-HC}$

$M_{wss}$, $M_{steam}$

2,755 (31%)

C1-Zone 3

$Q_{2-HC}$

$M_{wss}$, $M_{steam}$

-

C1-Zone 4

$Q_{2-CC}$

$M_{wss}$, $M_{steam}$

494 (6%)

C1-Zone 5

$Q_{1-HC}$

$M_{steam}$

166 (2%)

C1-Zone 6

$Q_{2-CC}$

$M_{steam}$

176 (2%)

C1-Zone 7

$Q_{2-CC}$, $Q_{RHC}$

-

718 (8%)

C1-Zone 8

$Q_{1-CC}$, $Q_{2-CC}$, $Q_{RHC}$

-

3,328 (38%)

Table 2 Case 2: Coil load, humidification load, out-air frequency

Coil load

Humidification load

Out-air frequency

C2-Zone 1

$Q_{PHC}$, $Q_{1-HC}$, $Q_{2-HC}$

$M_{wss}$

1,123 (13%)

C2-Zone 2

$Q_{1-HC}$, $Q_{2-HC}$

$M_{wss}$

3,164 (36%)

C2-Zone 3

$Q_{2-HC}$

$M_{wss}$

2 (0%)

C2-Zone 4

$Q_{2-CC}$

$M_{wss}$

425 (5%)

C2-Zone 5

$Q_{2-CC}$, $Q_{RHC}$

-

718 (8%)

C2-Zone 6

$Q_{1-CC}$, $Q_{2-CC}$, $Q_{RHC}$

-

3,328 (38%)

Table 3 Case 3: Coil load, humidification load, out-air frequency

Coil load

Humidification load

Out-air frequency

C3-Zone 1

$Q_{PHC}$, $Q_{1-HC}$, $Q_{1'-HC}$

$M_{1-wss}$, $M_{2-wss}$

1,123 (13%)

C3-Zone 2

$Q_{1-HC}$, $Q_{1'-HC}$

$M_{1-wss}$, $M_{2-wss}$

982 (11%)

C3-Zone 3

$Q_{2-CC}$, $Q_{1'-HC}$

$M_{1-wss}$, $M_{2-wss}$

102 (1%)

C3-Zone 4

$Q_{1'-HC}$

$M_{2-wss}$

2,081 (24%)

C3-Zone 5

$Q_{2-CC}$

$M_{2-wss}$

426 (5%)

C3-Zone 6

$Q_{2-CC}$, $Q_{RHC}$

-

718 (8%)

C3-Zone 7

$Q_{1-CC}$, $Q_{2-CC}$, $Q_{RHC}$

-

3,328 (38%)

2.4 ์„ค๋น„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฐ์ถœ

์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์ฝ”์ผ ๋ถ€ํ•˜, ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์‚ฐ์ถœ ํ›„ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜์‚ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ Case๋ณ„ ๋น„๊ต๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ ์šด์˜์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ฃผ์š” ์„ค๋น„์ธ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ, ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ, ์†กํ’๊ธฐ, ํŽŒํ”„ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2.4.1 ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰($W_{c hille r}$)

๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜์˜ ์˜จ๋„, ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜์˜ ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํšจ์œจ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์˜จ๋„๋Š” 10โ„ƒ, 5โ„ƒ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ ํšจ์œจ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹(1)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ์— ํˆฌ์ž…๋œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ ํšจ์œจ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋„ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹(2)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹(1), (2)์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋Š” โ€œDOE-2 Centrifugal 5.50 COPโ€ ๊ฐ’์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹(3)์€ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์•ฝ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์‹(4)๋Š” 10โ„ƒ์˜ ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹(5)๋Š” 5โ„ƒ ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฐ์ถœ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.

(1)
$C APFT= 0.257896+ 0.0389016\times T_{chws}-0.00021708\times T_{chws}^{2} \\ +0.0468684\times T_{cws}- 0.00094284\times T_{cws}^{2}-0.00034344\times T_{chws}\times T_{cws}$
(2)
$EIRFT= 0.9338840- 0.0582120\times T_{chws}+0.00450036\times T_{chws}^{2} \\ +0.00243\times T_{cws}+ 0.000486\times T_{cws}^{2}-0.001215\times T_{chws}\times T_{cws}$
(3)
$T_{cws}= T_{wet,\: air}+ 5^{\circ}{C}$
(4)
$W_{c h i lle r,\: chw 10^{\circ}{C}}=\dfrac{V_{a}\times\rho_{a}}{COP}\times(Q_{1-CC}\times C APFT\times EIRFT)$
(5)
$W_{c h i lle r,\: chw 5^{\circ}{C}}=\dfrac{V_{a}\times\rho_{a}}{COP}\times(Q_{2-CC}\times C APFT\times EIRFT)$

2.4.2 ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰($W_{boile r}$)

๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฐ์ถœ์€ ์‹(6)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ„์‚ฐ์€ ์‹(7)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. $H_{steam}$์€ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์••๋ ฅ 0.2 MPa์ผ ๋•Œ ์ฆ๊ธฐ์˜ ์—”ํƒˆํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.

(6)
$W_{boile r}=\dfrac{(Q_{2-HC}+ Q_{steam,\: humidification})\times V_{a}\times\rho_{a}}{\eta_{boile r}}$
(7)
$Q_{steam,\: humidification}=M_{steam}\times H_{steam}$

2.4.3 ์†กํ’๊ธฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰($W_{fan}$) ๋ฐ ๋ฐœ์—ด์— ์˜ํ•œ ์˜จ๋„ ์ƒ์Šน ๊ณ„์‚ฐ($\triangle T_{fan}$)

์†กํ’๊ธฐ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฐ์ถœ์€ ์‹(8)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐœ์—ด์— ์˜ํ•œ ์˜จ๋„ ์ƒ์Šน ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์€ ์‹(9)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.

(8)
$W_{fan}=\dfrac{V_{a}P_{fan}}{\eta_{fan}}$
(9)
$\triangle T_{fan}=\dfrac{P_{fan}}{\eta_{fan}\times\rho_{a}\times C_{p,\: Wet,\: Air}}$

2.4.4 ํŽŒํ”„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰($W_{pump,\: cw,\: wast eheat}$, $W_{pump,\: wss}$, $W_{pump,\: chw}$)

ํŽŒํ”„์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์—์„œ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํ์—ด ํŽŒํ”„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹(10), (11)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆœํ™˜์ˆ˜ ํŽŒํ”„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹(12)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹(12)์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ด„ํ˜ธ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์Šต์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„์˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํŽŒํ”„์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ด„ํ˜ธ๋Š” WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ ์™ธ๊ธฐ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ค‘์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ ๊ฐ€์Šค(NOx, SOx, NHx) ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ Chemical Filter ์—ญํ• ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 5%๋ฅผ ์ฒด์ ๋น„๋กœ ํ™˜์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์˜ ์ˆœํ™˜์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์†์ ์œผ๋กœ WSS ์—˜๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ๋„ค์ดํ„ฐ์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด ํŽŒํ”„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜ ํŽŒํ”„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹(13), (14)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.

(10)
$W_{pump,\: cw,\: wast eheat}=\dfrac{M_{cw,\: wast eheat}\times P_{pump}}{\eta_{pump}}$
(11)
$M_{cw,\: wast eheat}=\dfrac{(Q_{PHC}+Q_{1-HC}+Q_{1'-HC}+Q_{RHC})\times V_{a}\times\rho_{a}}{C_{p}\times\triangle T}$
(12)
$W_{pump,\: wss}=(\dfrac{M_{wss}\times P_{pump}}{\eta_{pump}})+(\dfrac{0.05\times V_{a}\times P_{pump}}{\eta_{pump}})$
(13)
$W_{pump,\: chw}=\dfrac{M_{chw}\times P_{pump}}{\eta_{pump}}$
(14)
$M_{chw}=\dfrac{(Q_{1-CC}+Q_{2-CC})\times V_{a}\times\rho_{a}}{C_{p}\times\triangle T}$

2.4.5 ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ • ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์ž…๋ ฅ์กฐ๊ฑด

๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ํ”Œ๋žœํŠธ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์— ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ํ’๋Ÿ‰์„ 2,000 CMM์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ˜• ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ์€ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ์ค‘๋ฌดํœด๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์„ค๋น„๊ฐ€ ์šด์˜๋˜์–ด ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€๋œ๋‹ค.(10,11) ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ์„ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” DCC ๋ฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์—ฐ์ค‘ ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ํ’๋Ÿ‰๋„ ์ผ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ถ€๋Œ€์„ค๋น„์˜ ํšจ์œจ๋„ ์ผ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ ๋ถ€๋Œ€์„ค๋น„์˜ ๊ธฐ์ €๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ ์žฅ์น˜์ธ DCC ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ์ €๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ์ดˆ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ ์˜จ๋„ ์ƒ์Šน์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ ์—ด์›์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ์ €๋ถ€ํ•˜๋„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์ €๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋Œ“์ˆ˜ ์ œ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๋น„ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋‹ค๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ตœ์ ์˜ ํšจ์œจ๋กœ ์šด์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์šด์ „์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ํšจ์œจ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์šด์ „์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ, ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์–‘์€ Table 4์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์†กํ’๊ธฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์–‘์€ Table 5์™€ Table 6์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŽŒํ”„ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์‚ฌ์–‘์€ Table 7์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐ’๋“ค์€ Table 8์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 4 Specification for the chiller & boiler scheme

Description

Parameter

Type

Centrifugal Chiller

Steam Boiler

COP / Efficiency ($\eta_{boile r}$)

5.5

90%(6)

Table 5 Fan pressure scheme

Description

Case 1

Case 2

Case 3

Filter

(Demister, Roll, Pre/Medium, Chemical, Hepa)

1,200 Pa

1,200 Pa

1,200 Pa

Coil

(PHC, 1-CC, 2-CC, 1-HC, 2-HC, RHC)

650 Pa

650 Pa

650 Pa

WSS

100 Pa(12)

(1-stage)

100 Pa

(1-stage)

200 Pa

(2-stage)

Supply Duct & Loss

550 Pa

550 Pa

550 Pa

Total ($P_{fan}$)

2,500 Pa

2,500 Pa

2,600 Pa

Table 6 Specification for the fan scheme

Description

Parameter

Type

Air-Foil Fan

Flow ($V_{a}$)

2,000 CMM (33.3 CMS)

Efficiency ($\eta_{fan}$)

80%(6)

Table 7 Specification for the pump scheme

Description

Chilled Pump

Waste heat Pump

WSS Pump

Type

Centrifugal Pump

Centrifugal Pump

Centrifugal Pump

Temperature of the water supply

5โ„ƒ / 10โ„ƒ

27โ„ƒ

(variable)

Temperature of the water return

12โ„ƒ / 17โ„ƒ

20โ„ƒ

Efficiency of the water pump ($\eta_{pump}$)

80%(6)

80%

80%

Head of the water pump ($P_{pump}$)

500 kPa

500 kPa

500 kPa

Table 8 Other material properties for calculation

Description

$\rho_{a}$

$C_{p}$

$C_{p,\: Wet,\: Air}$

$H_{steam}$

Parameter

1.2 kg/m3

4.18 kJ/kg

1.019 kJ/kg

2,725 kJ/kg

3. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ

3.1 ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๋ถ„์„

์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ๊ณผ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” Fig. 5์— ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” Fig. 6์—์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ ์ค‘ PHC์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์™ธ๊ธฐ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ Zone์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๊ตฌํš ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด Case 1, 2, 3 ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์ผํ•˜์—ฌ PHC์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋„ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1-HC์˜ ๊ฐ€์—ด์›์€ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋„๋ก ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ Case๋ณ„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. 2-HC์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Case 2์—์„œ WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์„ 100% ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐ 1๋‹จ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹จ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜จ๋„ ์ƒ์Šน์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์—ฌ Case 1๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , Case 3์—์„œ๋Š” WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์„ 50% ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐ 2๋‹จ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์„ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” 2-HC์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. RHC์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ํ›„ ์žฌ์—ด์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋กœ Case 1, 2์—์„œ๋Š” WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ 1๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, Case 3์—์„œ๋Š” WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ 2๋‹จ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋‚ด ์ •์••์ด ์•ฝ 100 Pa ์ •๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์†กํ’๊ธฐ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์†กํ’๊ธฐ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ด์™€ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋œ ์†กํ’๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ์—ด๋Ÿ‰๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ณต๊ธ‰์˜จ๋„๋Š” 14โ„ƒ๋กœ ๋™์ผ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด๋‚˜ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์†กํ’๊ธฐ ๋ฐœ์—ด๋กœ ์ธํ•œ RHC์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ Case 1, 2๋ณด๋‹ค Case 3์—์„œ๋Š” ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”๋‹ค.

๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ ์ค‘ 1-CC์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์™ธ๊ธฐ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ Zone์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๊ตฌํš ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด Case 1, 2, 3 ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์ผํ•˜์—ฌ 1-CC์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋„ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2-CC์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์ฒ  ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ผ๋ถ€ ์™ธ๊ธฐ ์กฐ๊ฑด(๊ณ ์˜จ, ๊ฑด์กฐ)์—์„œ๋Š” WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/๊ฐ€์Šต์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด 2-CC์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์†Œํญ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์—ญํ• ๋„ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ Case 1 ๋Œ€๋น„ Case 2, 3์˜ 2-CC์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์— ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์Šต๋Ÿ‰์€ Case 1, 2, 3์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์žฅ์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 5 Outdoor air conditioner coil load.
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2023.35.4.163/fig5.png
Fig. 6 Humidification load.
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2023.35.4.163/fig6.png

3.2 ์„ค๋น„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„

์„ค๋น„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•ž์„  2์žฅ์—์„œ Zone ๊ตฌ๋ถ„, ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์ง‘๊ณ„, ์„ค๋น„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋กœ์˜ ์‚ฐ์ถœ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ƒ์šฉ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด์ธ โ€œExcelโ€์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋œ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ Fig. 7์— Case๋ณ„ ์›”๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ Fig. 8์— ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋กœ Case 1 ๋Œ€๋น„ Case 2, 3์ด ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์š” ์›์ธ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜์™€ 2-HC์˜ ์—ด์› ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. Case 1์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜์™€ 2-HC์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. Case 2์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋‚˜, WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต ํšจ์œจ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜ ์ „๋‹จ์˜ 2-HC๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜จ๋„ ์ƒ์Šน์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ ์—ด์› ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. Case 3์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ , WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ 2๋‹จ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  WSS ์ „๋‹จ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜จ๋„ ์ƒ์Šน์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 2-HC์˜ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ ์—ด์› ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค.

์†กํ’๊ธฐ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ํ’๋Ÿ‰์„ 2,000 CMM์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์†กํ’๊ธฐ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์••๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. Case 1, 2์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์••๋ ฅ์ด ๋™์ผํ•˜์—ฌ ์†กํ’๊ธฐ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๋„ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Case 3์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜์˜ 2๋‹จ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์••๋ ฅ ์ƒ์Šน๋ถ„ 100 Pa์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์†กํ’๊ธฐ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŽŒํ”„์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์—์„œ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด ํŽŒํ”„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ Case๋ณ„ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŽŒํ”„์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํŽŒํ”„์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ€์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜๋Š” ๋ณด์ถฉ์ˆ˜(Make-up)์˜ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชฉ์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ Chemical Filter์˜ ์—ญํ• ๋กœ WSS ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์—˜๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ๋„ค์ดํ„ฐ์— ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋˜๋Š” ์ˆœํ™˜์ˆ˜์˜ ์ˆœํ™˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋งŽ์•„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ Case๋ณ„ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ๋ณ€๋™์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜ ํŽŒํ”„์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ธฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋น„์œจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ถ”์„ธ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ „๊ฐ€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 7 Annual energy consumption of each component.
../../Resources/sarek/KJACR.2023.35.4.163/fig7.png
Fig. 8 Monthly energy consumption of each case.
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4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ˜• ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ณต์žฅ์˜ ๊ณต์กฐ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ, ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ, ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” ์—ด์›์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒ€ํ†  ์ผ€์ด์Šค๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ(Case 1)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ Case 2, Case 3์˜ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œ, ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„์ถœ๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

1) ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ํด๋ฆฐ๋ฃธ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ธ Case 1์€ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜์™€ WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋œ ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—๋Š” 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ(PHC, 1-HC, 2-HC, RHC)๊ณผ 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ(1-CC, 2-CC), 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜(WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต 87%, ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต 13%)๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ ์ค‘ PHC, 1-HC, RHC์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , 2-HC์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋„ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ์—ด์›์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ์ผ€์ด์Šค ์ค‘์—์„œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

2) Case 2๋Š” ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ 1๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—๋Š” 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ(PHC, 1-HC, 2-HC, RHC)๊ณผ 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต ์ฝ”์ผ(1-CC, 2-CC), 1๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜(WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต 100%)๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ ์ค‘ PHC, 1-HC, RHC์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , 2HC์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. Case 1๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ๋•Œ, ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ค„์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ 100% ์„ค๊ณ„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์–ด 2-HC์˜ ๊ฐ€์—ด ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์ฒด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ Case 1 ๋Œ€๋น„ ์•ฝ 11.3% ์ •๋„ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

3) Case 3์€ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ 2๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์™ธ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—๋Š” 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ(PHC, 1-HC, 1โ€™-HC, RHC)๊ณผ 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ/์ œ์Šต์ฝ”์ผ(1-CC, 2-CC), 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜(1-WSS 50%, 2-WSS 50%)๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ์—๋Š” ์ „๋ถ€ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์„ ๊ฐ€์—ด์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ์ฆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ , WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ 2๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ 1๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์Šต ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด WSS ์ „๋‹จ์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋†’์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜, WSS ๋‹จ์—ด ๊ฐ€์Šต์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ 2๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์˜จ๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ€์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์—ด ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ์—ด์›์„ ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ฆ๊ธฐ ์—ด์›์—์„œ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์ฒด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ Case 1 ๋Œ€๋น„ ์•ฝ 24.6% ์ •๋„ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

4) ๋ณ„๋„ ํšจ๊ณผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ๊ณต์žฅ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๊ฐํƒ‘ ๋ฐฑ์—ฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ํ์—ด์„ ๊ณต์ •์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐํƒ‘ ๋ฐฑ์—ฐ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋™์ ˆ๊ธฐ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐํƒ‘์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๊ณต์žฅ ๋ถ€์ง€ ๋‚ด ๋ณด์ผ๋Ÿฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—…์žฅ์—์„œ ์ง์ ‘ ์—ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์„ ์ค„์ž„์œผ๋กœ์จ ํƒ„์†Œ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์˜ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

ํ›„ ๊ธฐ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€ ๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ์ˆ ์‚ฌ์—…ํ™”์ง€์›์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋น„์ง€์›(21TBIP-C162046-01)์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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