| Title |
A Study on the Patterns and Characteristics of Provincial Capitals Operated by Qing' Royal Court |
| Keywords |
Qing‘ Royal Court ; Provincial Capital ; Pattern ; Castle |
| Abstract |
This article is a research focused on form and characteristics of the provincial capital, which was the center of regional administration in Qing(淸) dynasty. Compared with other eras, the available Qing dynasty-related materials are more sufficient, but research outcomes seem less prolific than expected. Based on the literatures of Qing dynasty, this paper mainly intends to examine and discourse the geographic conditions of the provincial capital, scale of the city, system of road, location of facilities etc. Finally, this paper reaches the conclusion that scale of the city depended on its rank in the hierarchy of administration in Qing dynasty, totally inherited from its predecessor-Ming dynasty. On the other hand, more emphases were put on improving defending facilities through establishing sustainable management system and criteria. Along with the reconstruction of administration system and the development of commercial business, system of road in the city changed a lot and flexibility was introduced into location of facilities as well. Moreover, as a symbol of the hierarchy, "Manchurian City" was established to separate Manchurian residence from others inside the provincial capital, which led to disorder of the roads’ system and change of construction space. |