Journal of
the Architectural Institute of Korea

Monthly
  • ISSN : 2733-6239(Print)
  • ISSN : 2733-6247(Online)

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A Study on Residential Environment Planning for Residential Stability of Young Single-Person Households in the Metropolitan Area

오지은(Oh, Jieun) ; 변기동(Byun, Gidong) ; 하미경(Ha, Mikyoung)

https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2024.40.9.3

Among the various factors that shape housing, psychological factors are emerging along with physical factors. Accordingly, this study sought to examine residential environmental factors that influence the formation of place attachment in young single-person households living in the metropolitan area. For this purpose, survey items for place attachment and residential satisfaction were established through previous research, and a total of 265 copies were used in this study. The research results based on this are as follows. First, young single-person households generally think positively about their housing and tend to form attachments. However, due to the nature of single-person households, the difficulty in coping with emergency situations was the greatest, and along with economic difficulties, they felt greatly lonely. Second, as a result of the perception of young single-person households' residential satisfaction and place attachment measurement items, they positively perceive the narrow scope of their home and surrounding environment, but their sense of community, such as relationships between neighbors, community participation, and sense of belonging is low and quite lacking. Third, we looked at the residential environment factors that influence each place attachment component (place identity, place dependence, place fixation, and place emotion). Through this, it was found that young single-person households were influenced more by the various infrastructure facilities of the residential environment, abundant green space, and a convenient and clean environment for living, rather than by the condition or quality of the housing.

Development History & Morphological Characteristics of Seoul’s Stand-alone Apartment

우현주(Woo, Hyunju) ; 유민지(Yoo, Minji) ; 황세원(Hwang, Soe Won)

https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2024.40.9.15

Unlike large-scale apartment complexes composed of multiple buildings, stand-alone apartments typically refer to single buildings with fewer than 300 units. These are interspersed within Seoul's urban fabric and exert various influences. However, most previous studies have focused on large-scale complexes, leaving a gap in research on stand-alone apartments from historical, socio-cultural, and urban morphological perspectives. This study examines the locational patterns and diffusion processes of stand-alone apartments in Seoul over the past half-century, analyzing their morphological characteristics from urban and architectural viewpoints. The development history of stand-alone apartments was analyzed in phases according to changes in construction volume and regulations. Construction began in the 1960s, surged in the 1990s, decreased in the 2000s due to stricter regulations, and saw changes in the 2010s reflecting infrastructure considerations. The established database revealed the morphological characteristics of stand-alone apartments. From an urban dimension, their locations and spatial distributions were mapped based on completion years. From an architectural dimension, the physical attributes were analyzed, including site area, plot and surrounding road patterns, building form and size, and ancillary welfare facilities. Historically, stand-alone apartments have been perceived negatively due to their haphazard construction without systematic urban planning. However, recently there has been a trend towards more thoughtfully designed stand-alone apartments that consider existing urban environments, socio-cultural factors, and transportation infrastructure. These small-scale, high-density developments can accommodate a high number of units on smaller plots and have the potential to become a viable urban housing type with systematic planning. This study provides a foundation for future research on the development directions for stand-alone apartments.

Analysis and Enhancement Strategies of University Library Spaces through VAE

이다니엘(Lee, Daniel) ; 손동화(Shon, Donghwa) ; 김성래(Kim, Sungrae)

https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2024.40.9.27

Today, it is necessary to change and improve the space of the university library, which is classified as a core facility in the university according to the constantly changing resources in the university. Therefore, it is necessary to present correct and specific directions for university library space re-planning(remodeling) along with case analysis of changes in university library space. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to compare changes in internal spatial composition before and after remodeling targeting Central Library of Chungbuk National University in 2018. The research method first, the concept of the university library and the flow of change were reviewed, and the spatial components of the university library were divided into three categories. And then, the background and requirements of the expansion of the Central Library of Chungbuk National University and the changes after the expansion were reviewed, and a comparative analysis of the plan before and after the expansion was conducted through the VAE. The conclusion is as follows. 1)Central Library of Chungbuk National University has been transformed into a simpler but more specialized university library space since remodeling. 2)Central Library of Chungbuk National University has been able to manage space efficiently without significant changes and movement of rooms, even though it has grown in size due to remodeling and expansion. 3)Central Library of Chungbuk National University has its own architectural, spatial characteristics due to remodeling. This Study is intended to help present the concept of basic space re-planning(remodeling) of university libraries as an active reference example for the space arrangement and extension methods of university libraries needed today.

A Basic Study on the Change and Characteristics of Jeju Architecture from the Survey of Architectural Assets

현혜경(Hyun, Hye-kyung) ; 김태일(Kim, Tae-il)

https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2024.40.9.39

After liberation, Jeju experienced significant transformations in its industrial structure and residential environment, driven by domestic and foreign investments under central government development policies. These changes led to the emergence of new building types alongside traditional Jeju architecture. To understand modern buildings in Jeju, it is essential to examine how urban and architectural developments evolved over time in response to social changes. This study provides a foundational analysis of these shifts, summarizing the changes in buildings and architecture from liberation until 1988 through a literature review. Utilizing data from the Jeju Basic Architectural Asset Survey, the study involves processing and reclassifying information, then analyzing it with ArcGIS and SPSS23. By focusing on the link between social changes and architectural evolution, this research examines the characteristics of building use, scale, structure, outer wall materials, roof materials, and shapes over different periods. It also analyzes the architectural asset values. The findings revealed that since liberation, Jeju's architecture has evolved significantly in connection with broader societal changes.

Investigating Spatial Composition and Usage to Improve Leisure Welfare Facilities for Seniors

유성은(Yoo, Sung Eun) ; 오명원(Oh, Myoung Won)

https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2024.40.9.51

This study evaluates 38 senior centers in Gunsan City to provide data for improving leisure facilities for the elderly. Analysis of floor plan configurations shows a trend toward open space designs in recently built or renovated centers. While universal design is increasingly included in new or updated facilities, older centers face challenges due to physical constraints, particularly at entrances, where improvements are essential for better accessibility. Demographic analysis revealed that most users were women aged 80 and older, and these centers were not attracting a broader range of elderly participants. Survey data from users strongly support reconfiguring senior centers into multi-generational facilities. Alongside modernizing outdated infrastructure and equipment, these centers could be repurposed as communal spaces for multiple generations, including the current elderly population. While this study highlights the needs of current users, future research should explore the leisure and welfare needs of elderly individuals who do not use senior centers, as well as the middle-aged population who will soon enter this demographic.

A Study on Functional Space Composition in Out-of-School Elementary Child Care Facilities

김다엘(Kim, Da-El) ; 유우상(Yoo, Uoo-Sang)

https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2024.40.9.61

The number of Dahamkke Care Centers (hereinafter referred to as out-of-school elementary care facilities) nationwide, which was 10 in January 2018, increased significantly to 1,046 as of January 2024. Nevertheless, academic research on the spatial organization and architectural planning of out-of-school elementary child care facilities by function is insufficient. Accordingly, in this study, the convergence type “Wooridongne Kium Center,” an out-of-school elementary care facility operated by the Seoul Metropolitan Government, was selected as the research object and the spatial composition of the out-of-school elementary care facility by function was analyzed. In addition, accessibility in space for each function was analyzed using the integration value. The space configuration for each function of an out-of-school elementary care facility requires five space groups: common space, activity space, management support space, hygiene space, and other spaces. The degree of integration of space by function was in the order of common space, activity space, management support space, other space, and hygiene space, and it was analyzed that the common space and activity space were in the main location. This is interpreted to mean that child care activities are concentrated in common spaces and activity spaces, so accessibility in the two space groups is considered important. Through such research, it can be used as basic data for the architectural plan and design of Seoul's integrated elementary care facilities and out-of-school elementary care facilities with similar area sizes.

Visual Analysis Methodology With Visual Privacy Consideration

이승재(Lee, Seung-Jae)

https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2024.40.9.71

This study aims to develop and validate a model to measure the degree of visual privacy in detached collective housing through visual analysis. This type of housing has emerged to respect individual privacy while also reinforcing community connections. Although these homes create strong visual connections between units and with exterior spaces due to their openness, they may compromise privacy by leaving units visually exposed. Therefore, a tool is needed to measure the level of visual exposure in these housing types. The common Isovist analysis, which is a standard visual analysis method, does not account for territoriality and often focuses on one's own space and area rather than considering others’ spaces. To address this issue, this study excludes the analysis of one's own space. By conducting visual analyses of two cases of detached collective housing, Moriyama House and Seijo Townhouse, the model was tested for its effectiveness in considering privacy. The analysis revealed that both cases feature open indoor spaces visible from the outside, but Seijo Townhouse appeared to be more effective than Moriyama House in controlling privacy.

A Study on the Efficient Response to Architectural Civil Complaints Using Large Language Models(LLM)

조상규(Cho, Sang-Kyu) ; 김신성(Kim, Shin-Sung)

https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2024.40.9.81

This study addresses the complexity of architectural laws and regulations and their administrative burden, focusing on improving efficiency in the interpretation and query-response processes using large-scale language models. The research centers around the development and implementation of the SPARC (Semantic Processing for Architecture Regulation Compliance) engine, primarily utilizing data from inquiries and complaints submitted to the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport regarding architectural laws. This prototype system is designed to augment reference information necessary for legal interpretation, and its effectiveness was validated through a quality assessment of system responses to actual complaint data. The results show that the system achieved an accuracy rate of over 80% for general inquiry complaints with clear conclusions and 70% to 100% for more complex cases requiring legal interpretation by the legislative affairs office. This research represents the first attempt to apply AI in the field of regulatory administration, providing a critical technical and policy foundation for the development and operation of AI-based systems for interpreting architectural regulations.

Architectural Production Using 3D Printing with Algae-Bioplastic Compounds

최석원(Choi, Seok-won) ; 윤정원(Yoon, Jungwon) ; 방유섭(Bang, You-sub)

https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2024.40.9.91

Growing awareness of the climate crisis, driven by carbon pollution and material overconsumption in construction, has sparked interest in sustainable building materials. This has led to research on materials that support carbon circulation, with a particular focus on algae, a natural and renewable resource. This study examines the architectural application of algae-based bioplastics by analyzing precedent cases where algae has been used as a biomaterial alongside additive manufacturing techniques. The research specifically explores Fused Granular Fabrication (FGF), a 3D printing method suitable for producing algae-based bioplastics at an architectural scale. By experimenting with various types of bioplastics derived from waste algae, the study assesses the feasibility of creating architectural elements such as columns, parametric curved surfaces, and mesh structures. The findings highlighted the potential of digital fabrication methods using algae-based bioplastics and proposed three specific manufacturing techniques: Planar 3D Printing, Non-planar 3D Printing, and 3D Printed Formwork.

A Study on the BIM Team Structure and the Role of BIM Managers of Architectural Firms in Korea and United States through Social Network Analysis

김홍민(Kim, Hong Min) ; 전재일(Jeon, Jaeil)

https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2024.40.9.103

This study investigates the problems of the BIM design method of Korean architecture firms by examining the internal BIM organizations and the role BIM managers when carrying out architectural design projects in Korea and the United States. Both countries introduced BIM at the same time, but Korean architecture firms have been handling BIM-related tasks through internal or external BIM organizations or BIM managers. This method is hindering the spread of BIM and causing a shortage of experts. In contrast, in U.S. architectural firms, BIM managers are in charge of technical advice, education, and initial setting so that all team members can build know-how to use BIM. This study aims to visualize the interaction, influence, dependence, and connectivity among team members within the design organization by analyzing social exchanges, common perceptions, and networks collected through a survey of team members of architectural design projects conducted by BIM in Korea and the United States. The strength of exchanges between team members was measured by identifying the number of people and the frequency of interaction used in each task, including the BIM organization and the BIM manager. Furthermore, the centrality of the organizational network was determined through the mutual dependence on work among team members within the BIM organization. Compared to BIM projects in U.S., Korea's BIM projects exhibited more frequent exchanges between team members, but the BIM organization and design organization were separated, and the BIM manager was solely in charge of their connection. In all of the U.S. architectural firms surveyed in this study, there was no separate BIM organization, and the role of the BIM manager was to assist the project team from the peripheral rather than the center of the team’s network. In order to spread and revitalize the BIM design method in Korean architectural firms, it is expected that BIM organizations and BIM managers will avoid the role of exclusively managing BIM work to acting as an integrated design tool for all team members to share BIM design experience and know-how.