| Title |
A Study on the Connection Methods of the Upper Parts of the Pillars at Wooden Architecture in Joseon Dynasty |
| Keywords |
Connection Methods ; Joint ; Splice ; Clamping Force ; Vertical Load ; Horizontal Load |
| Abstract |
This study examines the connection methods of the upper parts at wooden architecture between the late Goryeo Dynasty(918~1392) and Joseon Dynasty(1372~1910). The scope of this study includes the joint and splice methods between the pillars and penetrating tie beams(창방), which perform the important parts to transmit the vertical and horizontal load. This examination is on the joint and splice methods of the outer(평주) and corner pillars(우주). Through the investigation, it is verified that the connection methods between pillars and penetrating tie beams on the outer or conner pillars is the technique utilizing Yanggal joint(two way joint, 양갈맞춤), Sagal joint(cross joint, 사갈맞춤), dovetailed tenon joint(주먹장맞춤), and Yukgal joint(three way joint, 육갈맞춤).The method of Yanggal joint is to connect the outer pillars with the penetrating tie beams by carving out the upper part of the pillars as ‘一' shape. Through the study, it is verified that tenon joint(통장부맞춤) is used in the Jusimpo(column brackets) system buildings, mortise and tenon joint(장부맞춤) is applied in Dapo (multi-bracket sets) system and Ikgong (wing-shaped bracket sets) system buildings.The method of Sagal joint is to connect the outer pillars with the penetrating ties and individual timber units by carving the upper parts of the pillars as ‘十' shape, or the conner pillars with the penetrating tie beams. Tenon joint is mostly used in the Jusimpo system building, mortise and tenon joint in Dapo and Ikgong system buildings, while dovetailed tenon joint in the Jusimpo, Dapo, and Ikgong system. The method of dovetailed tenon joint is named after its joint shape of connecting outer pillars with penetrating tie beams. It is mostly used in the Dapo system buildings to decrease clamping force due to the end check, which is more secure method than that of Yanggal joint. The method of Yukgal joint is to connect the outer pillars with the penetrating tie beams and individual timber units by carving the upper parts of the pillars as the three way of the tenon hole. It is verified that tenon joint is applied in Dapo and Ikgong system buildings. |