| Title |
Wind Tunnel Experiments and Review for Topographic Effect over Isolated 3-Dimensional Hills |
| Authors |
Cho Kang-Pyo ; Hong Sung-Il ; Cho Gi-Sung |
| Keywords |
Wind Tunnel Experiments ; Region of Topographic Effect ; Hills ; Topographic Factor ; Wind Loads |
| Abstract |
This paper presents investigation of topographic effects over isolated 3-dimensional hills through wind tunnel experiments in a boundary layer wind tunnel. Topographic models having five different slopes of 5.71°, 11.31°, 16.70°, 21.80°, and 26.57°, which were based on KBC(2005), were taken into account in the study. The maximum topographic factor and the range of topographic effect from the experiment were compared with those from worldwide major codes and standards, such as ASCE-7-02, AS/NZS-1170.2:2002, ISO4354(1997), and KBC(2005). Topographic factors over 3-dimensional hills were obtained at various locations, and the ranges of topographic effects were determined. From the comparison of major codes and standards, in the vertical region of topographic effect, the gentler the slope was, the more different the topographic factors and ranges of topographic effect were, but the steeper the slope was, the more similar they were. It was found from the experimental study that the region of topographic effect in the slope in the across wind direction was greater than the regions of major codes and standard. Also, the gentler the slope was, the larger the topographic factor from the experiment was than the factors of major codes and standards. |