| Title |
A Study on Characteristics of Visual Fixation in an Evacuation Process Created via Virtual Reality - Focusing on Subway Evacuation Simulation - |
| Authors |
Kim, Jong-Ha ; BanYoung-Sun |
| Keywords |
Virtual Reality ; Evacuation Behavior ; Primacy Effect ; Underground Space ; Eye-Tracking ; Wayfinding |
| Abstract |
This study can be utilized for understanding the characteristics of mechanism to search and extract situational clue through objectification and quantification of observation features acquired evacuation process by grafting new technologies as the method for overcoming the limitations of existing studies. First, In an uncommon situation such as a disaster, the subjects focused mostly on the walls that surround the test space (33.5%) or the signs that aid their evacuation, but their visual fixation on the outer parts of the vision was also high (24.9%). Gleaning from these data, visual activities are high in the initial stage of the evacuation process for the purposes of information survey, accompanied by space roving. Secondly, There are two sections of stairs in the experiment. Considered that there was more observation of the top than the bottom which might be dangerous due to stairs, it can be found more efficient in the evacuation process to offer more signal information to the top. Thirdly, There are two sections of stairs in the experiment. Considered that there was more observation of the top than the bottom which might be dangerous due to stairs, it can be found more efficient in the evacuation process to offer more signal information to the top. The Section A where a disaster took place and the Section B (stairs) where the vertical movement began had more observation of the ceiling which observers were conscious of in case of evacuation. However, it was found that the observation for searching the sign to appreciate the movement in the space was stronger than that of the top such as the ceiling in the situation of evacuation at Section C. In other words, it is very effective to put the directional signs at the front for general evacuation movement and at the top against a higher risk of fire respectively. Fourthly, comparing the situations in which the subjects encountered the first set of stairs in Section B immediately after the occurrence of the disaster and the next set of stairs in Section D when the subjects came out to a hall, their visual fixation on signs and staircases in Section D was higher than B, the ratios of which were 16.8%/8.4% and 14.0%/11.8% respectively. These characteristics of visual fixation seem to reflect the circumstances surrounding their arrival in Sections B and D. |