| Title |
Influence of Lighting on Perceived Safety in Pedestrian Environment - through systematic review - |
| Authors |
Min, Young Hee ; Ha, Mi-Kyoung |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK_PD.2017.33.7.27 |
| Keywords |
Lighting ; Perceived safety ; Fear of crime ; Crime prevention ; Pedestrian environment ; Urban night environment |
| Abstract |
Influence of lighting on crime prevention is controversial, but many studies found increased lighting significantly reduced fear of crime. Since fear of crime in neighborhood is related to general well-being and reduction of physical activities of residents, it is crucial to increase the perceived safety in terms of the quality of urban life. However, the influence of various lighting characteristics on the perceived safety is largely unknown and evidence is trivial and weak. This study reviewed extensive researches regarding the influence of lighting on perceived safety in pedestrian environment, and tried to analyze the needs of research with the rapid change and development in lighting industry. This study selected 42 related articles through systematic review process, and categorized them into the groups according to the variables, types of environment, fields of research, methodologies, and objectives. Secondly, through empirical researches, the interaction between perceived safety and lighting characteristics(illuminance, uniformity, spectrum, color rendering, color temperature, distribution, etc.) is discussed. Experimental researches reveal the evidence that there is a limit of sufficient brightness for perceived safety, and within a certain effective spectrum the perceived safety can be enhanced using less energy. Further research is needed for LED light source considering mesopic vision, which is differed from traditional high intensity discharge lamps and measurement methods based on photopic vision. Also, perception of dynamic lighting should be studied with the development of intelligent road lighting control system. These findings can be a new standard for socially acceptable and effective public lighting to compromise the conflict between energy reduction and the perceived safety. Intervention studies show that it is not just quantitative ‘brightness’ that heighten the perceived safety, but it is a ‘message’ that the streets and districts are well-managed by local communities, which means aesthetic qualitative lighting design well-matched to each sites is also important. |