| Title |
The Multifaceted Nature and Architectural Characteristics of Cheonwangmun |
| Authors |
강명리(Kang, Myeong-ri) ; 전봉희(Jeon, BongHee) |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.1.143 |
| Keywords |
Cheonwangmun; Buddhist Architecture; Statues of the Four Heavenly Kings; Location; Spatial Composition |
| Abstract |
Cheonwangmun serves as both the gateway to the main space of a Buddhist temple and a space for enshrining statues of the Four Heavenly
Kings. This dual function significantly influences not only the arrangement of the statues but also the architectural characteristics of
Cheonwangmun itself. While there are established rules for the objects held by the statues, two methods exist for arranging them, both
oriented with the main hall relatively north. Cheonwangmun can be categorized into three types based on its placement within the temple,
each emphasizing either its role as a gate or a pavilion. When located adjacent to the front courtyard of the main hall, it defines the central
courtyard space, highlighting its pavilion aspect. The architectural design of Cheonwangmun consistently incorporates elements that maintain
its dual identity as both gate and pavilion. What sets Cheonwangmun apart is how these roles coexist within a single structure, allowing each
function to be expressed simultaneously rather than merging into a completely new form. Its function shifts depending on context, alternating
between gate and pavilion, further underscoring its unique character and versatility. |