| Title |
Understanding China’s Social Housing Supply System and Generation Methods |
| Authors |
장명월(Zhang, MingYue) ; 백진(Baek, Jin) |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.4.97 |
| Keywords |
Chinese Housing Policy; Public Rental Housing; Housing Supply System; Housing Development Model; Generation Method |
| Abstract |
China’s urban housing supply system has undergone significant changes due to rapid urbanization, economic reforms, and the socialist framework. From 1949 to 1978, housing was distributed through a welfare-based system. As the economy transitioned from a planned to a market-driven model between 1978 and 1998, housing reforms aimed to shift from welfare allocation to market-based sales. In 1998, the welfare housing system was officially abolished, making the housing supply fully market-driven while introducing a social housing model for low-income urban residents. Today, social housing in China is primarily government-led, with a central role in planning and development. This study explores the evolution of housing policies, focusing on public rental housing in Shanghai. By analyzing seven projects across four districts, it examines generation methods, management systems, and spatial usage. Three main development models emerge: state-owned enterprise development and operation, government-private sector collaboration with private subsidiary operations, and private enterprise development with state-owned enterprise operation. These models reflect ongoing efforts to stabilize public rental housing in line with government policies. The study categorizes China’s public rental housing generation methods and provides insights for comparing South Korean and European housing systems. The findings offer a valuable reference for future public rental housing projects in China and beyond. |