Title Analysis of Fire Vulnerability and Characteristics in Temporary Container Housing Through Cases Studies
Authors 이여경(Lee, Yeo-Kyung) ; 김민지(Kim, Min-Ji)
DOI https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.11.83
Page pp.83-93
ISSN 2733-6247
Keywords Container Temporary Housings; Fire Safety; Fire vulnerability; Fire Characteristics; Firefighting System; Separation Distance; Building Act; Act on Installation and Management of Firefighting System
Abstract This study analyzes fire incidents in temporary container housing to identify fire vulnerabilities and characteristics. A total of 11 cases were examined through quantitative and qualitative methods. Three major vulnerabilities were identified. First, container dormitories composed of multiple buildings are highly susceptible to fire spread, as flames from one unit can easily extend to adjacent structures, amplifying overall damage. Second, the presence of numerous electrical and electronic devices, along with flammable materials, serves as a frequent ignition source and accelerates fire development. Third, legal requirements for alarm systems are absent, resulting in an installation rate of only 9.1 percent. The absence of alarms leads to delayed detection, with casualty rates reaching 100 percent in undetected cases. Findings show that fires commonly occur during afternoon activity periods and sleeping hours. The leading causes are carelessness and electrical or mechanical malfunctions. Temporary container housing is highly vulnerable to complete structural destruction, with fires often spreading to nearby buildings, natural surroundings, or nearby mountainous areas. Casualties occur in approximately 73 percent of incidents, underscoring the critical need for targeted fire safety measures.