| Title |
Structural Characteristics of Ondol in Joseon Royal Palaces and a Proposal for an Ideal Model |
| Authors |
임준구(Lim, Jungu) ; 김영재(Kim, Young-Jae) |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.11.127 |
| Keywords |
Joseon Palace Ondol; Gyeongbokgung; Changdeokgung; Nakseonjae; Ondol Model; Goraegaejari |
| Abstract |
The ondol underfloor heating system of the Joseon Dynasty's royal palaces was not merely a means of indoor heating but a sophisticated
architectural legacy that embodied the scientific knowledge, cultural values, and aesthetic ideals of its time. This study examines the structural
characteristics of palace ondol in comparison with those found in commoner dwellings, emphasizing its technical refinement and historical
significance. Focusing on key components?including the flue-bed (goraegaejari), heat control stone slabs (sigundam), fire chamber linings
(hamsiljang), floor stones (gudeuljang), and chimney configurations, the study identifies the architectural features that distinguish palace ondol
from vernacular forms. Particular attention is given to the ondol system of Nakseonjae Hall in Changdeokgung Palace, where the author
directly participated in restoration work. This field experience provided an empirical perspective to analyze the thermal flow, airflow
dynamics, and structural operation of the system, which traditional literature-based studies could not sufficiently capture. These findings
propose an ideal model for royal ondol construction incorporating thermodynamic principles and architectural engineering criteria. The
proposed model outlines seven structural strategies aimed at enhancing thermal efficiency, airflow control, and sustainable maintenance. This
model is expected to serve as a practical reference not only for future conservation and restoration of palace architecture but also for
integrating traditional heating technologies into modern architectural practices and heritage management policies. Moreover, the technical
excellence and structural performance of the proposed model call for further verification through scientific experimentation and quantitative
analysis. Ultimately, the royal ondol system of the Joseon Dynasty can be reinterpreted not just as a relic of the past, but as a viable and
sustainable model for future traditional architecture. |