Title A Time-Series Analysis of Building Energy Consumption and Energy Use Intensity by Building Type in Korea
Authors 손영환(Son, Young-Hwan) ; 이수진(Lee, Su-Jin) ; 최정민(Choi, Jeong-Min)
DOI https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.12.253
Page pp.253-262
ISSN 2733-6247
Keywords Building Type Analysis; Building Energy Consumption; Energy Use Intensity; Climate Zone; Carbon Neutrality
Abstract This study examines energy consumption and energy use intensity (EUI) in South Korea’s building sector from 2018 to 2024 to support the nation’s carbon neutrality goals. Using data from the Korea Real Estate Board, the analysis covers 30 building types across 252 municipalities, focusing on electricity, city gas, and district heating. During the study period, total energy consumption increased from 34,442 to 37,275 thousand TOE, largely due to floor area expansion and ongoing electrification. The share of electricity rose from 51.5 percent to 56.7 percent, while city gas declined from 41.5 percent to 36.1 percent. Although median EUI decreased in several building types, the reductions were not sufficient to offset the overall growth in demand. To better understand regional and typological variations, energy-use patterns were grouped into four categories: decreases in both consumption(use) and EUI (Type 1), decreased use but higher EUI (Type 2), increased use with lower EUI (Type 3), and increases in both use and EUI (Type 4). R1 corresponded to Type 1, R2 to Type 3, while N8 and N21 showed Type 4 characteristics. Furthermore, a box-and-whisker analysis of 2024 data revealed wide distributions in N1 and N2 and several high outliers in Central 2. Overall, the results underscore the importance of targeted measures that integrate energy efficiency improvements, systematic audits, and renewable energy adoption to achieve the national emission reduction goals of 32.8 percent by 2030 and 88.1 percent by 2050.