| Title |
Deriving Annual Control Strategies for Smart Windows with Integrated Consideration of Thermal and Visual Environments in Curtain Wall Office Buildings |
| Authors |
이수진(Lee, Soo-Jin) ; 송승영(Song, Seung-Yeong) |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2026.42.1.311 |
| Keywords |
Curtain Wall; Office Building; Smart window; Thermal Environment; Visual Environment; Annual Control Strategy |
| Abstract |
This study analyzed the annual thermal and visual environmental performance of smart windows in curtain-wall office buildings located in
Seoul using the dynamic building energy simulation program EnergyPlus v25.1.0. A baseline model with typical windows and six smart
window control alternatives were established, including always clear, always tinted, and four dynamic control strategies based on solar
radiation, daylight illuminance, indoor temperature, and glare. Performance indicators included thermal environment (heating/cooling energy
consumption, PMV) and visual environment (DGI, UDI). The results showed that heating energy consumption increased by 14?33%, while
cooling energy decreased by 16?35%. Thermal comfort improved in the cooling period (43?107% increase in PMV comfort hours) but
deteriorated in the heating and shoulder periods (20?83% decrease). Glare discomfort hours were reduced by 4?97%, indicating strong annual
glare mitigation. Daylight performance was qualitatively improved in the useful and overlit illuminance ranges, but performance deteriorated in
the underlit range. Through normalization, always clear in the heating period and the glare-based control in the cooling and shoulder periods
yielded the best overall performance, with a 6% reduction in annual energy consumption compared to the baseline. |