| Title |
Spatial Patterns of Underground Housing and Gosiwon as Vulnerable Housing and Their Socioeconomic Correlates |
| Authors |
정기성(Jeong, Kiseong) ; 송기욱(Song, Ki-Wook) |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2026.42.4.273 |
| Keywords |
Underground housing; Gosiwon; Incheon metropolitan city; Old city centers; Free economic zones Spatial autocorrelation analysis |
| Abstract |
This study investigates the spatial associations between vulnerable housing concentrations, including underground housing and gosiwon, and
socio-economic polarization within Incheon Metropolitan City, in the context of growing inequality between old city centers and IFEZ new
towns. Drawing on Seumter building registry data(2022), MOLIT housing price data (2022?2024), KOSIS, and Incheon public datasets(2023),
we map spatial clustering patterns of major variables and apply Global, Local, Bivariate Moran’s I analysis. Key findings are as follows.
First, underground housing shows a statistically significant positive spatial association with vulnerable class, concentrated in old-city centers,
indicating spatial concentration of compounded vulnerability. Second, Gosiwon shows significant positive spatial associations with single-person
households and vulnerable groups, but its clustering is relatively weak and locally differentiated, reflecting a dispersed distribution around
transit-oriented areas and IFEZ new towns rather than concentration in old central areas. Third, neither underground housing nor gosiwon
shows a clear spatial relationship with housing prices at the citywide level, as vulnerable housing is found in both low- and high-price areas.
This suggests that housing inequality in Incheon cannot be explained solely by a simple price divide between old city centers and new
towns, but instead reflects more complex social and spatial factors. These results call for place-based housing welfare strategies that prioritize
areas where vulnerable housing and disadvantaged groups overlap. |