| Title |
A Comparative Analysis on the Energy Mix Performance of Zero Energy Building (ZEB) Grade 5 Multi-Family Housing by Building Energy Model |
| Authors |
김경욱(Kyungwook Kim) ; 함남혁(NamHyuk Ham) |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2026.42.4.293 |
| Keywords |
Zero Energy Building; ZEB; ECO-2; DesignBuilder; EnergyPlus; Geothermal; Heat Pump; Solar PV |
| Abstract |
This research evaluates the energy independence performance of multi-family residential buildings classified as ZEB Level 5 under different
renewable energy mix scenarios. Using both the quasi steady state based ECO-2 program and the dynamic simulation tool DesignBuilder
(EnergyPlus engine), models were constructed for district heating, geothermal, and photovoltaic (PV) systems. A baseline model without
renewable energy was first calibrated to achieve less than ±5% deviation in annual and primary energy consumption between the two
programs. Subsequently, energy-mix scenarios combining geothermal and solar systems were simulated to assess each source’s contribution to
total primary energy reduction. The results indicate that higher shares of geothermal heating and cooling systems lead to greater primary
energy savings, even under identical ZEB 5 requirements. DesignBuilder estimated PV-related savings to be about 10.9% lower, whereas
geothermal savings were estimated to be about 27.8% higher than those calculated by ECO-2, likely due to differences between static and
dynamic analysis algorithms. These results indicate that incorporating dynamic simulation models capturing actual operational characteristics
can improve the reliability of renewable-energy evaluations in Korea’s ZEB assessment framework. |