Title Analysis of the Correlation and Hierarchical Influence Structure between Commercial Building Facade Characteristics and Vacancy Rate
Authors 최지원(Choi, Ji-Won) ; 진교진(Jin, Keo-Jin)
DOI https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2026.42.6.145
Page pp.145-156
ISSN 2733-6247
Keywords Vacancy rate; Facade characteristics; Hierarchical influence structure; Correlation analysis; Sign-area ratio; Ground floor vulnerability
Abstract This study explores the relationship between building-level vacancy rates and the physical, locational, and facade characteristics of commercial buildings in a university district. The sample consists of 97 commercial buildings located between Pusan National University and Pusan National University Station, limited to buildings facing roads at least 6 m wide. Field surveys, building register data, GIS-based walking-distance analysis, and facade measurements from frontal photographs were used. Variables included gross floor area, total floors, vacant-storey level, vacant-unit area, year built, primary use, walking distance to the nearest subway exit and bus stop, low-floor and high-floor sign-area ratios, low-floor and high-floor window-area ratios, facade form, exterior material, and color saturation. The results show that smaller buildings and lower-floor vacancies are more strongly associated with higher vacancy rates. Transit distance showed limited explanatory power within the same living sphere. Among facade variables, the low-floor sign-area ratio showed the most consistent association with vacancy rates, while other facade variables showed relatively limited explanatory power. These findings suggest that vacancy in a university commercial district is better understood through the combined effects of building scale, lower-floor vulnerability, and lower-floor facade visibility.