Title Analysis of Temperature, Humidity, and Indoor Air Quality Variability by Building Elements and Time
Authors 안승호(Ahn, Seung-Ho) ; 이정아(Lee, Jung-Ah) ; 신지웅(Shin, Jee-Woong)
DOI https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2026.42.6.291
Page pp.291-300
ISSN 2733-6247
Keywords Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ); Spatial Non-uniformity; Temporal Variability; Spatial Zone; Building Elements; Continuous Monitoring; Multi-sensor
Abstract This study deployed 32 sensor devices in a grid layout within an office space (approximately 100 m²) for 7 months (July 2025?January 2026) to analyze spatial non-uniformity of temperature, humidity, and CO2. After preprocessing, 19 temperature, 23 humidity, and 15 CO2 sensors remained active. Sensors were classified into four physical contexts (interior, perimeter, entrance, HVAC adjacent) based on proximity to building elements. The coefficient of variation (CV) differed significantly across contexts (F > 1,175, p < .001). Temperature CV was highest in the perimeter zone (5.40% vs. interior 3.54%), while CO2 CV was highest in the interior zone (29.05% vs. perimeter 10.55%), indicating that the dominant context for non-uniformity differs by variable. Distance-decay modeling yielded influence radii of 3.2 m for exterior walls on temperature and 2.1 m for HVAC indoor units on humidity. Variance decomposition showed that exterior wall distance accounted for 49.9% of temperature variance. Single-point measurement error ranged from 1.6?5.6% for temperature, 6.5?23.5% for humidity, and 11.9?17.1% for CO2. Winter CO2 interior CV (61.73%) was 5.2 times summer (11.83%), confirming asymmetric amplification of non-uniformity under reduced ventilation. These findings suggest three protocol improvements: minimum setback distances from building elements, variable-specific measurement density, and continuous monitoring across cooling and heating periods.