| Title |
Hazards and Solutions of Loss of the PEN Conductor in TN-C-S System |
| Authors |
Bok-Hee Lee ; Kyu-Sun Lee ; Chang-Hwan Ahn ; Han-Su KIm |
| Keywords |
Electric shock ; TN-C-S system ; PEN conductor ; Equipotential bonding ; Touch voltage ; Safely voltage |
| Abstract |
This paper presents the electric shock hazards and solutions of loss of the combined protective and neutral (PEN) conductor in TN-C-S system In order to mitigate the touch voltage on exposed-conductive-parts in a break in the PEN conductor, the touch voltages on exposed-conductive-parts in a break in the PEN conductor were experimentally investigated as a function of the ground resistances of the source grounding electrode and customer"s additional grounding electrode. As a result, the equipotential bonding is one of important requirements for installations supplied by TN-C-S system. A solution of mitigating the touch voltages on exposed-conductor-parts caused by a loss of the PEN conductor would be the installation of the additional grounding electrode at the customer"s service entrance. The ground resistance of additional grounding electrode necessary to limit the touch voltage to a safety voltage of less than 50[V] depends on the load and circuit parameters. In addition, the undervoltage sensing devices offer affordable solutions to detect a loss of the PEN conductor in TN-C-S system. |