| Title |
Lightning Warnings Using the Logical AND (intersection) Combination between Intra-Cloud Discharge, and Electric Field Data |
| DOI |
http://doi.org/10.5207/JIEIE.2020.34.12.029 |
| Keywords |
Critical success index; Electrostatic field; Intra-cloud discharges |
| Abstract |
The objective of this study is to identify the optimal warning trigger, and clear conditions of a stand-alone lightning warning system (SLWS) to protect the infrastructure of the National Meteorological Satellite Center (NMSC) against cloud-to-ground strikes. In my prior study [1], it was already found that the logical OR (union) combination with intra-cloud discharges (IC) and cloud-to-ground flashes (CG) was better than AND (intersection) option of them to increase in probability of detection (POD), whereas the critical success index (CSI) as the ideal balance between POD and false alarm ratio (FAR) became worse than IC only. To augment the CSI, as another warning condition, the logical AND combination between IC and atmospheric electric field data (EF) has been explored in this study during the last two summers. Upon conclusion of the study, it was found that the combination was the best in CSI than those of my past studies, and other conditions in all the cases [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], while the penalty was that POD became somewhat lower than the IC OR CG, and IC alone. Finally, the total alarm duration (TAD) including lead time (LT), warning time (WT), and dwell time (DT) showed very little difference among the top three CSI and POD conditions. |