Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers

Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers

ISO Journal TitleJ Korean Inst. IIIum. Electr. Install. Eng.

  1. (Master degree, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Korea)
  2. (Ph.D Course, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Korea)
  3. (Master degree, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Korea)



Renewable Energy, Solar PV, System Marginal Price, Renewable Energy Certificate

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๊ณ ์กฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ 3020 ์ดํ–‰ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ๋น„์ค‘์„ ๋†’์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ค‘ ๋†’์€ ์„ค๋น„์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋น„์œจ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งค๋…„ ๋ณด๊ธ‰ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(1-3).

์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์˜๋ฌดํ™” ์ œ๋„(RPS, Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard)๋Š” ์ผ์ • ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์œ ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ „์‚ฌ์—…์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ „๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์˜๋ฌดํ™”ํ•œ ์ œ๋„๋‹ค. ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์›์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์ธ์ฆ์„œ(REC, Renewable Energy Certificate)๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž๋Š” REC ํŒ๋งค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์ธ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€์†์ ์ธ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ํ•˜๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ… ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋งˆ๋ จ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค(4-7).

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์‹œํ–‰ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ… ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์—…์ด ์ง€์†๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ณด๊ธ‰ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์‚ฌ์—…์ž ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์ „๋ ฅ ์‹œ์žฅ ์ˆ˜์ต์ธ ๊ณ„ํ†ตํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ(SMP, System Marginal Price)๊ณผ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค. ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์—…์œผ๋กœ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์ต์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฌธํ—Œ๋“ค์€ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ์  ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(2,3,8-10). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2. ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์€ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์—…์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ˆ˜์ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šฐ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ต ์š”์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ€๋™ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ค์ •๋œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™”ํ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐ€์น˜ํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๋น„์šฉ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ถ”์ •๋œ ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค(11).

Fig. 1. The economic evaluation process of solar PV generation business
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/fig1.png

3. ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณ ๋ ค์‚ฌํ•ญ

3.1 ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ธฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ช… ๋ฐ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ 

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ธฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์€ ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์˜ ๋น„์šฉ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์ต ์‚ฐ์ถœ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ‘œ 1์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฌธํ—Œ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ธฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์ด๋‹ค(12-17).

Table 1. The lifetime of solar PV generators

์ถœ์ฒ˜

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘๋ฐœ์ „ ์ˆ˜๋ช…

์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (13)

20๋…„

์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (14)

25๋…„

์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (15)

25๋…„

์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (16)

25๋…„

์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (17)

30๋…„

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์€ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „์˜ ์—ฐ ํ‰๊ท  ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์€ 15 %์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ธฐ์˜ ํšจ์œจ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์ผ์‚ฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ•œ๋‹ค(18).

3.2 ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๋น„์šฉ ์š”์†Œ

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ, ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์žฅ์น˜ ๋“ฑ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„์šฉ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ํ‘œ 2๋Š” ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๋ณ„ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„๋‹ค. ์„ค๋น„ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ 1 MW ์ดํ•˜์˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„ ๋‹จ๊ฐ€๋Š” 2,274 ์ฒœ์›/kW, ์„ค๋น„ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ 1 MW๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 3 MW๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„ ๋‹จ๊ฐ€๋Š” 1,493 ์ฒœ์›/kW์ด๋‹ค(19).

Table 2. The construction cost of solar PV generation business

์ถœ์ฒ˜

์šฉ๋Ÿ‰

๋‹จ๊ฐ€

(์ฒœ์›/kW)

๋น„๊ณ 

์ฐธ๊ณ  ๋ฌธํ—Œ

(19)

1 MW ์ดํ•˜

2,274

9๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ํ‰๊ท 

1 MW โˆผ

3 MW

1,493

11๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ํ‰๊ท 

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์žฅ์น˜๋“ค์˜ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ‘œ 3์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฌธํ—Œ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„์˜ 0.5 %์—์„œ 1.5 %์ด๋‹ค (13-15,18,20).

Table 3. The operation and maintenance cost of solar PV generation business

์ถœ์ฒ˜

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„

์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ(13)

์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„์˜ 1 %

์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ(14)

์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„์˜ 1 %

์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ(15)

์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„์˜ 1 %

์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ(18)

์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„์˜ 1.5 %

์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ(20)

์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„ 1 % (์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ)

์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„ 0.5 % (๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ)

์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ €์žฅ์žฅ์น˜(ESS, Energy Storage System)๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ณ€๋™์ด ํฐ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์„ ๋ณด์กฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ค‘ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค. ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ESS๋ฅผ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž์—๊ฒŒ ESS๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋†’์€ REC ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์„ค๋น„์— ESS๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 10์‹œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 16์‹œ์— ์ถฉ์ „๋œ ์ „๋ ฅ๋Ÿ‰ ์ค‘ 10์‹œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 16์‹œ ์ด์™ธ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐฉ์ „๋œ ์ „๋ ฅ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋†’์€ REC ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 4๋Š” ESS ์—ฐ๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋น„์šฉ์ด๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ESS์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์€ 10๋…„์—์„œ 15๋…„, ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ์„ค๋น„์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 10 %์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„๋Š” ์„ค์น˜๋น„์šฉ์˜ 2.5 %์—์„œ 3 %์ด๋‹ค. ์„ค์น˜๋น„์šฉ์€ ๋ฆฌํŠฌ์ด์˜จ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ 1 kW(PCS)/1 kWh(๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ) ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ 1,320 ์ฒœ์›/kWh์—์„œ 5,800 ์ฒœ์›/kWh์ด๋‹ค(4,12,21-23).

Table 4. The cost of ESS connected with solar PV generation system

ํ•ญ๋ชฉ

๊ฐ’

์ˆ˜๋ช…

10๋…„ โˆผ 15๋…„

์šฉ๋Ÿ‰

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ์„ค๋น„์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 10 %

์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„

์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์„ค์น˜๋น„์˜ 2.5 % โˆผ 3 %(์—ฐ๊ฐ„)

์„ค์น˜๋น„์šฉ

(PCS ๋ฐ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ํฌํ•จ)

1,320 ์ฒœ์›/kWh โˆผ

5,800 ์ฒœ์›/kWh

3.3 ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต ์š”์†Œ ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค ์„ค์ •

SMP๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด์ „๋ ฅ์‹œ์žฅ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „์‚ฌ์—…์ž ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋œ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ํŒ๋งคํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ป๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ต ์š”์ธ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2๋Š” 2001๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2019๋…„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์—ฐ ํ‰๊ท  SMP๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. 2001๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2012๋…„๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์—ฌ 2016๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3์€ 2020๋…„ 6์›” ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ตœ๊ทผ 24๊ฐœ์›”์˜ SMP์™€ 2020๋…„ 1์›” ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ตœ๊ทผ 24๊ฐœ์›”์˜ ๋‘๋ฐ”์ด ์œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์œ ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ SMP์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(5).

Fig. 2. Annual average SMP from 2001 to 2019(5)
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/fig2.png

Fig. 3. The fluctuation trend of SMP and the price of Dubai oil(5)
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/fig3.png

REC๋Š” SMP์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต ์š”์ธ์ด๋‹ค. REC๋Š” ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜์˜€์Œ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ์ฆ์„œ๋กœ ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4๋Š” 2012๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2019๋…„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์—ฐํ‰๊ท  REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. 2012๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2015๋…„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ 2016๋…„์— ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, 2016๋…„ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ํ•˜๋ฝ์˜ ์›์ธ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5๋Š” 2012๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2019๋…„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ REC ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์˜๋ฌด ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. 2016๋…„ ์ดํ›„ REC ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰๋Ÿ‰์ด ์˜๋ฌด ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(5,7).

Fig. 4. Annual average the price of REC from 2012 to 2019(5)
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/fig4.png

Fig. 5. Annual the amount of REC issuance and the amount of mandatory supply from 2012 to 2019(5)
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/fig5.png

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์—…์œผ๋กœ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ฃผ ์ˆ˜์ž…์›์ธ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋ฉฐ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์  ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ์ ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์˜ ์ƒ์Šน, ํ•˜๋ฝ, ์œ ์ง€ 3 ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์„ค์ • ํ•œ๋‹ค.

SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™์€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์˜ ์ƒ์Šน, ํ•˜๋ฝ, ์œ ์ง€ 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด 8 ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋Š” SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ƒ์Šน, ์œ ์ง€, ํ•˜๋ฝ์˜ 3 ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋งŒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค. SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” 5 ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ƒ์Šน, ์œ ์ง€, ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๋Š” 3 ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6์€ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค ์„ค์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 1์€ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๋งค๋…„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 2๋Š” SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 1๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 4๋Š” SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 3์€ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 4๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 6. Fluctuation of SMP and the price of REC applied to the scenarios
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/fig6.png

3.4 ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๋น„์šฉ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์ต ์ถ”์ •

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๋น„์šฉ ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„, ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„, ESS ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—… ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ํ™”ํ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ™”ํ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜„์žฌ๊ฐ€์น˜ํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค. ESS ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๋น„์šฉ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์„ค์น˜๋น„์šฉ์€ ํ™”ํ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ, ์‚ฌ์—…๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด ์ˆ˜๋ช…์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์žฌ์„ค์น˜ ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ™”ํ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹ (1)์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ด ๋น„์šฉ์ด๋‹ค.

(1)
\begin{align*} \cos t_{PV,\: N}=(I nstall_{PV,\: i=0}+\sum_{i=1}^{N}\dfrac{OM_{PV,\: i}}{(1+r)^{i}})\\ +(\sum_{i=0}^{N^{'}}\dfrac{I nstall_{ESS,\: k\times i}}{(1+r)^{k\times i}}+\sum_{i=1}^{N}\dfrac{OM_{ESS,\: i}}{(1+r)^{i}}) \end{align*}

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, $N$์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„(๋…„), $\cos t_{PV,\:N}$์€ $N$๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ด ๋น„์šฉ, $I nstall_{PV,\: i=0}$์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—… ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„, $OM_{PV,\: i}$๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—… ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„, $r$์€ ํ• ์ธ์œจ, $i$๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—…๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ (๋…„), $k$๋Š” ESS ์ˆ˜๋ช…, $I nstall_{ESS,\: k\times i}$๋Š” $k\times i$์‹œ์ (๋…„)์˜ ESS ์„ค์น˜๋น„์šฉ, $N^{'}=QUOTIENT(N,\:k)$, $OM_{ESS,\: i}$๋Š” ESS์˜ ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.

(๋‹จ, $QUOTIENT(N,\:k)$์€ $\dfrac{N}{k}$์˜ ๋ชซ์„ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•œ๋‹ค.)

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต์€ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ฐ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „๋Ÿ‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค. ์‹ (2)๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ด ์ˆ˜์ต์ด๋‹ค.

(2)
$Benef_{PV,\: N}=PV_{C apac y}\times 8760$ $\times(\sum_{i=0}^{N}UR_{i}\times(1-d)^{i}$ $\times\dfrac{SMP_{i}+REC_{i}\times[(1-\alpha)+REC_{W}\times\alpha]}{(1+r)^{i}})$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, $N$์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„(๋…„), $Benef_{PV,\: N}$์€ $N$๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ด ์ˆ˜์ต, $r$์€ ํ• ์ธ์œจ, $i$๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—…๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ (๋…„), $UR_{i}$๋Š” $i$์‹œ์ ์˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ , $d$๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ํšจ์œจ ์ €ํ•˜, $SMP_{i}$๋Š” $i$์‹œ์ ์˜ SMP, $REC_{i}$๋Š” $i$์‹œ์ ์˜ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ, $REC_{W}$๋Š” ESS ์—ฐ๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ REC ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜, $\alpha$๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์ „์ฒด ๋ฐœ์ „๋Ÿ‰ ์ค‘ ESS ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ „๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด๋‹ค.

3.5 ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„ ๋ถ„์„

๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ํŽธ์ต์„ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๊ต ๋ถ„์„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‹ค. ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ(B/C Ratio, Benefit-Cost Ratio)์€ ํ™”ํ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ํŽธ์ต์„ ํ™˜์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ํ™˜์‚ฐ๋œ ํŽธ์ต์„ ํ™˜์‚ฐ๋œ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ์ด 1๋ณด๋‹ค ํด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ํ™˜์ˆ˜ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ณต๊ณต์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ณต์  ์ž๋ณธ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ 1.1 ์ด์ƒ์—์„œ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค(24). ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ, ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ ๋น„์œจ 1.05 ์ด์ƒ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค. ์‹ (3)์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ด ๋น„์šฉ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ ์‚ฐ์ถœ ์‹์ด๋‹ค.

(3)
$B/C Ratio_{PV,\:N}=\dfrac{Benef_{PV,\: N}}{\cos t_{PV,\: N}}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, $B/C Ratio_{PV,\:N}$์€ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ $N$๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—… ์ด ๋น„์šฉ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋œ ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ ๊ฐ’, $Benef_{PV,\: N}$์€ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ $N$๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ด ์ˆ˜์ต, $\cos t_{PV,\: N}$์€ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ $N$๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ด ๋น„์šฉ์ด๋‹ค.

๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋น„์šฉ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์ต ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์—…์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ํƒ€ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์ด ๋”์šฑ ํฌ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์—์„œ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต ์š”์†Œ์ธ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค.

4. ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

์‚ฌ์—…์ž ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต ๋ฐ ๋น„์šฉ ์š”์†Œ, SMP์™€ REC๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ธ 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘๊ณผ 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์ด๋‹ค(12). ํ• ์ธ์œจ์€ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (24)๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ 4.5 %๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋ช…์€ 25๋…„์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์€ ํ‘œ 5์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ (19)๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์€ 2,274 ์ฒœ์›/kW๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์€ 1,493 ์ฒœ์›/kW๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํˆฌ์ž๋น„์˜ 1 %, 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์€ 0.5 %๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค(20). ๋˜ํ•œ, ESS๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค. ESS ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์‹œ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๊ต์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ESS ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ „์ฒด ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์„ค๋น„์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 10 %๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์„ค์น˜๋น„์šฉ์€ 1 kW(PCS)/1 kWh(๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ) ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ 1,320 ์ฒœ์›/kWh, ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์šด์ „ ์œ ์ง€๋น„๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์„ค์น˜๋น„์šฉ์˜ 3 %๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค(4,11,21-23).

Table 5. The cost of solar PV generation business for economic evaluation

์šฉ๋Ÿ‰

ํ•ญ๋ชฉ

์ด ๋น„์šฉ(์ฒœ์›)

100 kW

๊ฑด์„ค๋น„

227,400

์šด์ „์œ ์ง€๋น„(1 %)

33,719

ESS

์„ค์น˜๋น„

20,983

์šด์ „์œ ์ง€๋น„

5,871

1 MW

๊ฑด์„ค๋น„

1,493,000

์šด์ „์œ ์ง€๋น„(0.5 %)

110,692

ESS

์„ค์น˜๋น„

209,835

์šด์ „์œ ์ง€๋น„

58,719

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ • ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋“ค์€ ํ‘œ 6๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์—ฐํ‰๊ท  ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ ์€ 15 %๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐœ์ „ ํšจ์œจ์€ ๋งค๋…„ 0.8 %์”ฉ ์ €๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค(18). ESS๋ฅผ ์ ‘์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์€ ์ž๊ฐ€๋ฐœ์ „์šฉ ์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ถ€์ง€์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ REC ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ 1.0์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ESS๋ฅผ ์ ‘์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” REC ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ 4.0์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค(4).

Table 6. Assumption for calculating the profits of solar PV generation business

์—ฐํ‰๊ท  ์ด์šฉ๋ฅ 

๋ฐœ์ „ ํšจ์œจ ์ €๊ฐ

REC ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜

15 %

์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 0.8 %

1.0 (ESS ๋ฏธ์„ค์น˜)

4.0 (ESS ์„ค์น˜)

ํ‘œ 7์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ์ ์šฉํ•  SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™ ๋น„์œจ์€ SMP๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ 19๋…„, REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ์ตœ๊ทผ 8๋…„์˜ ์ถ”์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2์™€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋œ ์—ฐ์†๋œ ๋‘ ์—ฐ๋„์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™ ๋น„์œจ์€ SMP๋Š” ์—ฐํ‰๊ท  14.6 %, REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ์—ฐํ‰๊ท  24 %์ด๋‹ค. SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ์ƒ์Šน, ์œ ์ง€, ํ•˜๋ฝ์˜ 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณ€๋™ ๋น„์œจ์€ ์—ฐ์†๋œ ๋‘ ์—ฐ๋„์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™ ๋น„์œจ์˜ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์˜ 33.33 %๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 1์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ SMP๋Š” 4.87 %, REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ 8 %๊ฐ€ ๋งค๋…„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 2์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 1์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ๋น„์œจ๋งŒ ๋งค๋…„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 4์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ SMP๋Š” 4.87 %, REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ 8 %๊ฐ€ ๋งค๋…„ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 3์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 4์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ๋น„์œจ๋งŒ ๋งค๋…„ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋•Œ, ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ SMP๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ 3๋…„ ํ‰๊ท  ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ, REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ 2020๋…„ 6์›” ํ‰๊ท  ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค(24).

Table 7. Fluctuation scenarios of SMP and the price of REC for economic evaluation of solar PV generation business

๊ธฐ์ค€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ

์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค

์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€ํ™”

SMP

REC

S

M

P

์ตœ๊ทผ 3๋…„ ํ‰๊ท 

(87.8 ์›/kWh)

์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 1

4.87 % ์ฆ๊ฐ€

8 % ์ฆ๊ฐ€

์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 2

2.43 % ์ฆ๊ฐ€

4 % ์ฆ๊ฐ€

R

E

C

2020๋…„ 6์›” ํ‰๊ท 

(44.3 ์›/kWh)

์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 3

2.43 %

๊ฐ์†Œ

4 %

๊ฐ์†Œ

์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 4

4.87 % ๊ฐ์†Œ

8 %

๊ฐ์†Œ

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ด ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์ต ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ • ์‚ฌํ•ญ, SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7์€ 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 8์€ 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋‹ค.

Fig. 7. The result of economic evaluation by scenarios(100 kW Solar PV)
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/fig7.png

Fig. 8. The result of economic evaluation by scenarios(1 MW Solar PV)
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/fig8.png

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์ด 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘๋ณด๋‹ค ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์€ ESS๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 1๊ณผ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 2์—์„œ๋งŒ ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ์ด 1.05 ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ESS ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์€ ESS๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 1, ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 2์™€ ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ์ด 1.05 ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ  ESS๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 4๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ์ด 1.05 ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ESS ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„๋Š” 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘๊ณผ 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 1๊ณผ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค 2์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์ด 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ESS ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„ ๋˜ํ•œ 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์ด 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„๋Š” ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ํด์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„ ๋‹จ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ESS๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋†’์€ REC ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉ ๋ฐ›์ง€๋งŒ ๋†’์€ ESS ์„ค์น˜๋น„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์€ ๋‚ฎ์•„์กŒ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„ ๋‹จ๊ฐ€์™€ ๋†’์€ REC ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ESS ์„ค์น˜๋น„์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฝ ์ค‘์ธ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์ •์ฑ… ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋งˆ๋ จ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „์˜ ๋ณด๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ํ™•์‚ฐ์„ ์ง€์†์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ์˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์ด 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘๋ณด๋‹ค ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ESS ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์‹œ ํŽธ์ต๋น„์šฉ๋น„์œจ์€ 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘, 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘๊ณผ 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ชจ๋‘ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์ƒ์Šนํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 100 kW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์€ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์œ ์ง€๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋ฝํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , 1 MW ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘์€ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ํ•˜๋ฝํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ์˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ณ  ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „์˜ ๋ณด๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ํ™•์‚ฐ์„ ์ง€์†์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ •์ฑ… ๋‹น๊ตญ์€ SMP์™€ REC ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€๋™์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ… ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋Œ€์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „์˜ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ๊ฑด์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ , ESS ์—ฐ๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋†’์€ REC ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ESS ์„ค์น˜๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋งˆ๋ จ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ์˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์€ ๋”์šฑ ๋†’์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณต์‚ฌ์˜ 2018๋…„ ์ฐฉ์ˆ˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ฑฐ์ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ง€์›๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

(๊ณผ์ œ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ : R18XA04)

References

1 
Ministry of Trade , 2017, Industry and Energy, The implement plan for 3020 renewable energy policyGoogle Search
2 
Seo M., 2016, Economic Analysis of Alternative Investment (Solar Energy Generation), M. Sc. Thesis, School of Real Estate Studies, Konkuk UniversityGoogle Search
3 
Lee S., 2013, A Study of Economic Feasibility in Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation Business Utilizing idle Space(root of top)of School facilities, M. Sc. Thesis, School of Real Estate Studies, Konkuk UniversityGoogle Search
4 
Korea Energy Agency , Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard, https://www.knrec.or.kr/business/rps_guide.aspx, (Accessed 1 JULY 2020).Google Search
5 
Korea Power Exchange , One-Stop Business of Renewable Energy, https://www.knrec.or.kr/business/rps_guide.aspx, (Accessed 1 JULY 2020).Google Search
6 
Korea Electric Power Corporation , Renewable Energy, http://home.kepco.co.kr/kepco/SM/C/htmlView/SMCCHP001.do?menuCd=FN29030301, (Accessed 1 JULY 2020).Google Search
7 
Sunny Weather , The price of REC, https://www.mal-eum. com/rec/trend, (Accessed 1 JULY 2020).Google Search
8 
Lee K. H., 2016, Regional Capacity Factor and Economic Feasibility of Domestic Photovoltaic Power Plant, M. Sc. Thesis ,School of Energy Engineering, In-ha UniversityGoogle Search
9 
Kim Y., 2018, Economic Analysis and Investment Strategy of PV Power Generation Business, M. Sc. Thesis, School of International Trade, Pai Chai UniversityGoogle Search
10 
Woo S., Kwon B., Bae D., Song K., 2019, The Benefit Cost Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic from the Business Perspective in South Korea, International Conference on Electrical EngineeringGoogle Search
11 
Hyeon S., 2019, A Study on the Method of Economic Analysis for the New Facilities and Technologies in the Distribution System, The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers, pp. 144-145Google Search
12 
Kepco , 2017, A Study on the Benefit and Cost Analysis of Dispersed Generation Considering Environmental CostsGoogle Search
13 
Korea Energy Economics Institute , 2014, An Economic Research of Photovoltaic and wind power generation considering system stabilityGoogle Search
14 
Ministry of Trade Industry and Energy , 2006, Improvement of the FIT System for renewable energy and linkage with the RPS SystemGoogle Search
15 
International Energy Agency , 2014, Technology Roadmap-Solar PhotovoltaicGoogle Search
16 
International Renewable Energy Agency , 2018, Renewable Power Generation CostsGoogle Search
17 
National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 2010, Cost and Performance Assumptions for Modeling Electricity Generation TechnologiesGoogle Search
18 
Korea Power Exchange , 2018, A Study on the Levelized Cost of Electricity by Power SourceGoogle Search
19 
Korea Power Exchange , 2018, Current Status of Power Generation FacilitiesGoogle Search
20 
National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 2018, Best Practices for Operation and Maintenance of Photovoltaic and Energy Storage Systems, 3rd .editionGoogle Search
21 
Hana Industry Info , 2019, Current Status and Prospect of Energy Storage System(ESS) in South KoreaGoogle Search
22 
Korea Energy Economics Institute , 2014, A Study on the Economic Feasibility of PV generation and Wind Power generation Considering Electric System StabilityGoogle Search
23 
Korea Energy Economics Institute , 2014, A Study on the Effect of Energy Storage System Demand Side Management and Market DevelopmentGoogle Search
24 
Korea Development Institute , 2018, A Study on the Modification and Complementation of General Guidelines for the Implementation of Preliminary Feasibility Study of Public Enterprises and Quasi-Government AgenciesGoogle Search

Biography

Chan-Ho Moon
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/au1.png

He received his B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea in 2020.

Currently, he is pursuing M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering at Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea.

E-mail : mch9293@naver.com

Bo-Sung Kwon
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/au2.png

He received his B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Kongju National University, Cheonan, Korea, in 2018.

Currently, he is pursuing Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering at Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea.

E-mail : bosung1994@naver.com

Su-Hwa Woo
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/au3.png

She received her B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea in 2020.

Currently, she is pursuing M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering at Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea.

E-mail : shiningpon@naver.com

Dong-Jin Bae
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/au4.png

He received his B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea in 2020.

Currently, he is pursuing M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering at Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea.

E-mail : ehdwls7191@naver.com

Kyung-Bin Song
../../Resources/kiiee/JIEIE.2020.34.10.036/au5.png

He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Yonsei University, Korea, in 1986 and 1988, respectively.

He received his Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas in 1995.

He is currently a full Professor in Electrical Engineering at Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea.

His research interests include load forecasting, load modeling, power system operation and power system economics.

E-mail : kbsong@ssu.ac.kr