김예리(Kim, Yerie)
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2026.42.9.37
This study examines how publicness is realized throughout the planning, design, and operational phases of public architecture through three
exemplary projects in Seoul. A phase-based framework consisting of intentionality, management, physical configuration, and civility was
applied through content analysis of design competition guidelines, visual assessments, and non-participant observations of 44 users. The
findings indicate that comprehensive pre-planning established publicness through the consideration of intended users, purposes, operational
strategies, accessibility, participation, and social interaction. However, when these dimensions were not sufficiently integrated, gaps emerged
between planning intentions, spatial implementation, and actual use. Although all cases demonstrated strong physical publicness during the
design phase, remodeling constraints and limited program accessibility influenced user experiences. Publicness did not develop through a linear
accumulation across project phases. Instead, it was continuously shaped through stakeholder negotiations, design modifications, and the
ongoing involvement of architects, operators, and users. Therefore, publicness should be understood as a processual outcome generated through
the continuous interaction among publicness dimensions, project actors, and development phases. The study suggests that improving
phase-based delivery systems can strengthen continuity among stakeholders and support the integration of publicness throughout the project
process.