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송규만(Song, Kyuman) ; 조한재(Cho, Han-Jae)
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.9.3
This study intends to propose a residential TOD design guideline applicable to Seoul metropolitan area. The order of the study was first to investigate the basic understanding of TOD and the criteria and elements necessary for TOD design through literature studies on TOD. Next, TOD guidelines were derived through TOD case studies in the United States, Japan, and Hong Kong. Through this process, it was found that the TOD method is suitable for Seoul and can be expected, and in particular, the Hong Kong TOD method is similar to the context of Seoul and is worth applying. In addition, the architectural design guidelines of the Seoul residential supply type TOD were classified into planning method, spatial plan, and movement plan. This study is meaningful in its attempt to apply TOD methods in Korea, including concepts such as station area development, compact city, and walking-friendly city, and suggests that Seoul still needs to develop high-rise, high-density, mixed-use forms.
여인화(Yeo, In-Wha) ; 박소현(Park, So-Hyun)
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.9.15
This study explores sustainable strategies to support the ongoing use of small, long-established Protestant churches in the Seochon area of Seoul. These churches, many of which are over 50 years old and independently owned, are not officially designated as cultural heritage but carry architectural, historical, and social significance within their neighborhoods. The research aims to investigate how these religious facilities can maintain their religious functions while partially opening their spaces to meet community needs. The research follows three stages: first, it analyzes the location, architectural features, and factors contributing to the longevity of independently owned small churches. Next, it identifies patterns of spatial transformation that have occurred as churches adapt to changing user needs. Finally, it investigates current plans for partial community opening and compares them with local residents’ practical needs to highlight key issues for future use. The findings offer valuable insights for sustainably preserving small urban churches in similar settings.
박창우(Park, Chang-Woo) ; 이용환(Lee, Yong-Hwan)
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.9.27
The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of design elements of a smart office work environment reflecting smart work characteristics The main research results are as follows. First, among the design elements of the smart office work environment, the factors of comfort, usability, horizontality, and speed had a positive effect on work efficiency according to the type of work environment. Comfort had a positive effect on work efficiency in the operating system. Utilization had a positive effect on work efficiency in personal work spaces, collaboration spaces, and rest and welfare spaces. Horizontality had a positive effect on work efficiency in the operating system. Rapidity had a positive effect on work efficiency in all types of work spaces and operating systems. Second, the factors of comfort, usability, interactivity, horizontality, and speed, which are smart office work environment design factors, had a positive effect on job satisfaction according to the type of work environment. Comfort had a positive effect on job satisfaction in the operating system. Utilization had a positive effect on job satisfaction in personal work spaces and rest and welfare spaces. Interactivity had a positive effect on job satisfaction in personal work spaces. Horizontality had a positive effect on job satisfaction in service spaces and operating systems. Rapidity had a positive effect on job satisfaction in all work space types and operating systems.
조한솔(Cho, Han-Sol)
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.9.35
This study explores the activities and perspectives of private business operators who have remodeled and repurposed modern architectural buildings in the port areas of Incheon, Gunsan, and Mokpo. Through interviews, it examines their involvement in historic preservation and their views on public projects, with the aim of proposing policy measures for sustainable use and long-term preservation. Using the grounded theory method, the study finds that a strong sense of place and alignment with business goals are key drivers of preservation-focused remodeling. Challenges during the remodeling process, along with differing perceptions of historical value, also shape their preservation awareness. Public subsidies influence attachment depending on who receives them, while intermediary and community organizations help raise awareness of the value of these activities. Based on these findings, the study suggests four policy directions: Acquisition projects should draw on private sector expertise and capital markets. Direct subsidies should be tailored to the remodeling process and local context, with appropriate public oversight. Intermediary and community organizations should help convert private efforts into public value. Authorities should compile a comprehensive list of administrative support measures for the remodeling process.
왕제(Wang, Jie) ; 박수빈(Park, Soobeen)
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.9.47
This study aims to collect and analyze pedestrians’ responses to the graphic designs displayed on the walls of underground spaces and explore the future directions for graphic design in interior environments. A literature review was conducted to investigate the functions, effects, and applications of graphic design. Based on prior research, graphic designs were categorized into four types: Pattern, Story, Nature, and Abstraction. For the experimental research, representative examples of each type were collected from the official websites of metro operators in three countries (Korea, China, and Germany). Subjects viewed twelve different images and completed a questionnaire which assessed eight design characteristics and included evaluations based on eight pairs of semantic differential (SD) adjectives. Subjects were divided into two groups: Group K(Korean college students) and Group C(Chinese students Studying in Korea). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS through T-test and frequency analysis. The results and conclusions are as follows: 1) For the Pattern type, user evaluations were predominantly influenced by the size, shape, and composition method of the elements than cultural differences of each image. 2) For the Story type, the narrative content of the scenes had a greater impact on user evaluations than cultural differences or regional differences of each image. 3) For the Nature type, different natural elements affected user evaluations. 4) For the Abstraction type, simplified abstract elements can be expressed more clearly and intuitively understood to influence user evaluations. This study provides insights into the degree of user responses to graphic design and offers a reference for designing underground public spaces that are aesthetically engaging and culturally inclusive.
추승연(Choo, Seungyeon) ; 박정민(Park, Jungmin) ; 홍순민(Hong, Soon Min)
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.9.57
This study explores the effectiveness and educational potential of incorporating AI into architectural education, with a focus on design courses using Stable Diffusion (SD). A comparison between the 2023 and 2024 courses reveals that advancements in AI technology and improvements in instructional environments positively impacted student outcomes. SD helped students quickly visualize their ideas and explore a range of design alternatives. Beyond serving as a visualization tool, it became an essential part of the creative design process. In the second year, students combined SD with traditional tools such as Photoshop, Rhino, Revit, and SketchUp, resulting in improved control over generative outputs and a stronger grasp of architectural workflows. The increased availability of SD through platforms like ComfyUI and Stability Matrix lowered technical barriers and encouraged active engagement with AI tools. Although this study focuses on a single AI model, the findings offer evidence that AI can enhance creative thinking and function as a cognitive aid in design education. These results point to the importance of developing structured teaching methods and demonstrate the potential of AI to support curriculum innovation in creative architectural learning.
홍경구(Hong, Keong-Gu)
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.9.69
The purpose of this study is to show how the participation of professional celebrities as a place marketing strategy affects customer evaluation in a time series. To this end, the factors influencing satisfaction were analyzed through a time series in-depth survey and regression analysis. First, regarding consumer evaluations of location marketing factors, in 2023, price, management operation, location, and product were ranked in order of importance, while in 2024, management operation, price, location, and product were ranked, showing differences in satisfaction factors. Second, consumer evaluations of location marketing factors in the budget market were generally positive, with seven factors showing statistically significant differences. Third, in analyzing the factors influencing place marketing, key influencing factors for each category were identified through regression analysis. Fourth, the product factor had the greatest influence on market satisfaction, while management operation and place design factors had the greatest influence on promoting consumption amount. Additionally, the product and management operation factors had the greatest influence on time spent at the market.
오석규(Oh, Seokkyu)
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.9.81
This study examines the Stadtebaulicher Denkmalschutz program, part of the broader Stadtebauforderung initiative, as a method for historical urban regeneration. The analysis focuses on its implementation in Zittau, a former East German city, following reunification. After reunification, East German cities like Zittau faced major challenges, including social instability and inequality compared to their western counterparts. In response, several urban development programs were introduced in Zittau. Among them, the Stadtebaulicher Denkmalschutz, proved most impactful. The program achieved notable outcomes: it helped stabilize social life, curb population decline, restore the historical identity of the city center, and boost the local tourism sector. Its strength lay in a comprehensive approach that combined physical restoration with socioeconomic revitalization. By preserving historic architecture while adapting spaces for modern use, the program reconnected residents with cultural values that had been overlooked during the socialist era. The Zittau case highlights the potential of targeted urban regeneration strategies to promote social integration and economic renewal in post-socialist contexts. The success of the St?dtebaulicher Denkmalschutz demonstrates how heritage preservation, when aligned with strategic development, can address the complex challenges of transition-era cities. This research offers insights for regions undergoing similar transformations worldwide.
이주현(Lee, Joohyun)
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.9.91
This study aims to explore the sustainable design elements of Frank Lloyd Wright’s Usonian houses, focusing on the SAMARA(John Christian House) as a representative case study. The objectives are to identify key sustainable features integrated into Usonian architecture and suggest strategies to improve energy efficiency and indoor environmental quality, ensuring compatibility with the building’s historical character. The research methodology includes literature review, archival analysis, and field investigations to examine spatial layouts, daylighting, ventilation, and energy systems. In particular, the analysis highlights how Wright’s design philosophy anticipated many principles of contemporary sustainable building practices, such as passive solar design and material efficiency. This contextual understanding provides a framework for evaluating the relevance of Usonian concepts in today’s sustainable design discourse. The findings demonstrate that Usonian houses incorporate significant sustainable architectural features, such as harmonious integration with nature, optimal natural lighting and ventilation, efficient heating systems, and economical modular construction methods. Proposed improvements include advanced insulation, upgraded glazing, and optimized mechanical systems. The study concludes that Wright’s Usonian houses offer valuable lessons for contemporary sustainable architecture, emphasizing their applicability in both heritage preservation and modern architectural practice.
장성운(Jang, Sung-Un) ; 이계진(Lee, Gye-Jin) ; 김윤상(Kim, Yun-Sang)
https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2025.41.9.101
This study investigates the utilization strategies of closed school facilities by reflecting spatial characteristics based on different locations and usage purposes. As the number of school closures increases, there is a growing need to identify effective ways to repurpose these spaces. The research first examines the definition, types, and current status of closed schools through theoretical review and previous studies. Based on this foundation, a Delphi survey was conducted to derive spatial priorities and utilization needs, involving experts with field knowledge. To propose practical planning alternatives, the study analyzed four representative floor plan types derived from standard school designs used between the 1960s and 1980s. These were evaluated using Space Syntax, a quantitative spatial analysis method, focusing on spatial integration, connectivity, and depth. The analysis reveals that each floor plan type has distinct spatial features that influence its suitability for cultural, educational, or community-based reuse. By combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, this study presents a methodological framework to assess the appropriateness of spatial structures in closed schools. The findings contribute to planning strategies that enhance the effectiveness of spatial reuse, and suggest a direction for applying data-driven design tools to regional facility regeneration.